全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4381篇 |
免费 | 206篇 |
国内免费 | 1739篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 307篇 |
废物处理 | 285篇 |
环保管理 | 338篇 |
综合类 | 2445篇 |
基础理论 | 740篇 |
污染及防治 | 1690篇 |
评价与监测 | 160篇 |
社会与环境 | 152篇 |
灾害及防治 | 209篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 10篇 |
2023年 | 69篇 |
2022年 | 230篇 |
2021年 | 180篇 |
2020年 | 128篇 |
2019年 | 145篇 |
2018年 | 151篇 |
2017年 | 231篇 |
2016年 | 279篇 |
2015年 | 294篇 |
2014年 | 317篇 |
2013年 | 479篇 |
2012年 | 361篇 |
2011年 | 433篇 |
2010年 | 277篇 |
2009年 | 267篇 |
2008年 | 346篇 |
2007年 | 270篇 |
2006年 | 256篇 |
2005年 | 165篇 |
2004年 | 122篇 |
2003年 | 169篇 |
2002年 | 133篇 |
2001年 | 103篇 |
2000年 | 128篇 |
1999年 | 112篇 |
1998年 | 102篇 |
1997年 | 114篇 |
1996年 | 82篇 |
1995年 | 86篇 |
1994年 | 61篇 |
1993年 | 61篇 |
1992年 | 56篇 |
1991年 | 44篇 |
1990年 | 27篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有6326条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
851.
Xiaobin Dong Fei Wang Weidong Kong Mukan Ji Kang Zhao Hao Chen Linyan Yue 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(11):48-57
Excessive livestock grazing degrades grasslands ecosystem stability and sustainability by reducing soil organic matter and plant productivity. However, the effects of grazing on soil cellulolytic fungi, an important indicator of the degradation process for soil organic matter, remain less well understood. Using T-RFLP and sequencing methods, we investigated the effects of grazing on the temporal changes of cellulolytic fungal abundance and community structure in dry steppe soils during the growing months from May to September, on the Tibetan Plateau using T-RFLP and sequencing methods. The results demonstrated that the abundance of soil cellulolytic fungi under grazing treatment changed significantly from month to month, and was positively correlated with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and soil temperature, but negatively correlated with soil pH. Contrastingly, cellulolytic fungal abundance did not change within the fencing treatment (ungrazed conditions). Cellulolytic fungal community structure changed significantly in the growing months in grazed soils, but did not change in fenced soils. Grazing played a key role in determining the community structure of soil cellulolytic fungi by explaining 8.1% of the variation, while pH and DOC explained 4.1% and 4.0%, respectively. Phylogenetically, the cellulolytic fungi were primarily affiliated with Ascomycota (69.65% in relative abundance) and Basidiomycota (30.35%). Therefore, grazing substantially reduced the stability of soil cellulolytic fungal abundance and community structure, as compared with the fencing treatment. Our finding provides a new insight into the responses of organic matter-decomposing microbes for grassland managements. 相似文献
852.
Min Xu Zirui Liu Bo Hu Guangxuan Yan Jianan Zou Shuman Zhao Jingxiang Zhou Xianhui Liu Xueping Zheng Xiaoyan Zhang Jing Cao Mengshuang Guan Yirong Lv Yanyun Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(5):265-276
Luoyang is a typical heavy industrial city in China, with a coal-dominated energy structure and serious air pollution. Following the implementation of the clean air actions, the physicochemical characteristics and sources of PM2.5 have changed. A comprehensive study of PM2.5 was conducted from October 16, 2019 to January 23, 2020 to evaluate the effectiveness of previous control measures and further to provide theory basis for more effective policies in the future. Results showed that the aerosol pollution in Luoyang in autumn and winter is still serious with the average concentration of 91.1 μg/m3, although a large reduction (46.9%) since 2014. With the contribution of nitrate increased from 12.5% to 25.1% and sulfate decreased from 16.7% to 11.2%, aerosol pollution has changed from sulfate-dominate to nitrate-dominate. High NO3−/SO42− ratio and the increasing of NO3−/SO42− ratio with the aggravation of pollution indicating vehicle exhaust playing an increasingly important role in PM2.5 pollution in Luoyang, especially in the haze processes. Secondary inorganic ions contributed significantly to the enhancement of PM2.5 during the pollution period. The high value of Cl−/Na+ and EC concentration indicate coal combustion in Luoyang is still serious. The top three contributor sources were secondary inorganic aerosols (33.3%), coal combustion (13.6%), and industrial emissions (13.4%). Close-range transport from the western and northeastern directions were more important factors in air pollution in Luoyang during the sampling period. It is necessary to strengthen the control of coal combustion and reduce vehicle emissions in future policies. 相似文献
853.
854.
Ken Kin Lam Yung Pengfei Fu Yufei Zhao Chuan Dong Zongwei Cai Ruijin Li 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(12):25-40
Fine particulatematter (PM2.5) is associated with increased risks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD),yet the toxicologicalmechanisms of PM2.5 promoting AD remain unclear. In this study,wildtype
and APP/PS1 transgenic mice (AD mice) were exposed to either filtered air (FA) or PM2.5 for eight weeks with a real-world exposure system in Taiyuan, China (mean PM2.5 concentration
in the cage was 61 μg/m3). We found that PM2.5 exposure could remarkably aggravate AD mice’s ethological and brain ultrastructural damage, along with the elevation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α), Aβ-42 and AChE levels and the decline of ChAT levels in the brains. Based on high-throughput sequencing results, some differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and DE miRNAs in the brains of AD mice after PM2.5 exposure were screened.Using RT-qPCR, seven DEmiRNAs (mmu-miR-193b-5p, 122b-5p, 466h-3p, 10b-5p, 1895, 384–5p, and 6412) and six genes (Pcdhgb8, Unc13b, Robo3, Prph, Pter, and Tbata)
were evidenced the and verified. Two miRNA-target gene pairs (miR-125b-Pcdhgb8 pair and miR-466h-3p-IL-17Rα/TGF-βR2/Aβ-42/AChE pairs) were demonstrated that they were more
related to PM2.5-induced brain injury. Results of Gene Ontology (GO) pathways and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways predicted that synaptic and postsynaptic
regulation, axon guidance, Wnt, MAPK, and mTOR pathways might be the possible regulatory mechanisms associated with pathological response. These revealed that PM2.5-
elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and PM2.5-altered neurotransmitter levels in AD mice could be the important causes of brain damage and proposed the promising miRNA
andmRNA biomarkers and potentialmiRNA-mRNA interaction networks of PM2.5-promoted AD. 相似文献
856.
赵小学 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2014,(1):53-56
采用HNO3-HCl-HF-HClO4体系在全自动消解仪消解土壤样品,以50.0μg/L的Rh作内标,用电感耦合等离子体-质谱仪同时测定《土壤环境质量标准》的7种元素Cd、 As、Cu、 Pb、 Cr、 Zn、 Ni。结果表明,土壤标样的测定值与标准值吻合,各元素对应的检出限和相对标准偏差分别为: Cd:0.002 mg/kg和3.6%, As:0.05 mg/kg和5.5%, Cu:0.10 mg/kg和2.9%, Pb:0.18 mg/kg和4.7%, Cr:0.25 mg/kg和2.2%, Zn:0.40 mg/kg和3.4%, Ni:0.20 mg/kg和3.8%。该方法简便快捷,灵敏度高,重现性好。 相似文献
857.
Jianling Xu Jiaqi Yang Nan Zhao Lianxi Sheng Yuanhui Zhao Zhanhui Tang 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(7):6063-6070
Evaluation of the efficiency of aircraft liquid waste treatment has previously been conducted to prevent pollution of the environment. The current study aimed to provide a set of practical methods for efficient airport sanitary supervision. Aircraft liquid waste was collected at Longjia International Airport, Changchun from multiple flights. The efficiency of liquid waste treatment as well as the water quality of the wastewater processed via a second-stage wastewater facility were examined by measuring a number of physical, chemical, and biological indices. Our results indicated that treatment solely via resolvable sanitizing liquid was not sufficient. Although the contents of first-class pollutants all met the requirements of the standard criteria, the contents of a number of second-class pollutants did not satisfy these criteria. However, after further treatment via a second-stage wastewater facility installed at the airport, all indices reached second-grade requirements of the discharge standard. We suggest that daily inspection and quarantine indices at airports should include the suspension content, biological oxygen demands after 5 days, chemical oxygen demand total organic carbon content, amino nitrogen content, total phosphorous content, and the level of fecal coliforms. 相似文献
858.
二氧化氯混合消毒剂是新一代广谱高效消毒剂,消毒能力是次氯的3~5倍.二氧化氯发生器性能安全可靠,运行稳定,操作方便,对人体无不良作用.介绍了二氧化氯混合消毒剂在中国长城铝业公司职工医院含菌废水处理的应用实例. 相似文献
859.
Jeff Snelling Dongye Zhao J. Samuel Arey 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(10):1484-1492
Abstract Methyl tertiary hexyl ether (MtHxE) and methyl tertiary octyl ether (MtOcE) are currently being developed as replacement oxygenates for methyl tertiary butyl ether (MtBE) in gasoline. As was the case with MtBE, the introduction of these ethers into fuel supplies guarantees their introduction into the environment as well. In this study, a screening-level risk assessment was performed by comparing predicted environmental concentrations (PEC) of these ethers to concentrations that might cause adverse effects to humans or ecosystems. A simple box model that has successfully estimated urban air concentrations of MtBE was adapted to predict atmospheric concentrations of MtHxE and MtOcE. Expected atmospheric concentrations of these ethers were also estimated using the European Union System for the Evaluation of Substances (EUSES) multimedia fate model, which simultaneously calculates PECs in the various environmental compartments of air, water, soil, and sediment. Because little or no data are available on the physicochemical, environmental, and toxicological properties of MtHxE and MtOcE, estimation methods were used in conjunction with EUSES to predict both the PECs and the concentrations at which these ethers might pose a threat. The results suggest that these ethers would contaminate the air of a moderately sized U.S. city (Boston, MA) at levels similar to those found previously for MtBE. The risk assessment module in EUSES predicted risk characterization ratios of 10?3 and 10?2 for MtHxE and MtOcE, respectively, in Boston, and 10?2 and 10?1 in very large urban centers, suggesting that these ethers pose only a minimal threat to ecosystems at the anticipated environmental concentrations. The assessment also indicates that these compounds are possible human carcinogens and that they may be present in urban air at concentrations that pose an unacceptable cancer risk. Therefore, testing of the toxicological properties of these compounds is recommended before they replace MtBE in gasoline. 相似文献
860.
Effects of plant density on the photosynthetic and chloroplast characteristics of maize under high-yielding conditions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ren Baizhao Liu Wei Zhang Jiwang Dong Shuting Liu Peng Zhao Bin 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2017,104(3-4):1-14
The Science of Nature - Knowledge on animal personality has provided new insights into evolutionary biology and animal ecology, as behavioural types have been shown to affect fitness. Animal... 相似文献