抗灾对大学生思想作风培养的启示

2008年初我国南方经受了抗击低温雨雪冰冻灾害的严峻考验，本文试从人的基本因素出发，分析了当代大学生特别是防灾减灾类大学生应从服务人民，迎难而上、勇于奉献，执行命令、遵纪守时、连续作战，艰苦奋斗、联系群众、密切协同，加强责任、刻苦钻研、开拓创新等方面培养优良的思想和作风，才能适应国家防灾减灾、抗灾救灾的需要，成为突发灾害事件中受到人民群众欢迎的力量。     

Phytoremediation of the polluted Waigang River and general survey on variation of phytoplankton population

The Waigang River, a major tributary of the Qinhuai River system, has suffered from long-standing pollution because of lack of management. Restoration was commenced in April 2006 to reduce pollutants and improve water quality. Four ecological areas and ten surface carriers were constructed for the culture of plants (mainly water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)) for phytoremediation. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus, total nitrogen (TN), ammonia?Cnitrogen (NH₃?CN), water transparency, and variations in phytoplankton population were investigated to evaluate the effects of restoration. Over 36?months, TSS, COD, TN, and NH₃?CN levels decreased by 91.1, 55.3, 91.5, and 86.5?%, respectively. Transparency increased from 25?cm in 2006 to 165?cm in 2009. Improvements in water quality significantly enhanced the diversity of phytoplankton, which were harmed by pollution stress. Our results show that the water hyacinth and ryegrass cultured in the ecological areas and the surface carriers can be used to restore other heavily polluted rivers with conditions similar to those of the Waigang River, especially in the initial stages of restoration.     

MSWNet: A visual deep machine learning method adopting transfer learning based upon ResNet 50 for municipal solid waste sorting

● MSWNet was proposed to classify municipal solid waste. ● Transfer learning could promote the performance of MSWNet. ● Cyclical learning rate was adopted to quickly tune hyperparameters. An intelligent and efficient methodology is needed owning to the continuous increase of global municipal solid waste (MSW). This is because the common methods of manual and semi-mechanical screenings not only consume large amount of manpower and material resources but also accelerate virus community transmission. As the categories of MSW are diverse considering their compositions, chemical reactions, and processing procedures, etc., resulting in low efficiencies in MSW sorting using the traditional methods. Deep machine learning can help MSW sorting becoming into a smarter and more efficient mode. This study for the first time applied MSWNet in MSW sorting, a ResNet-50 with transfer learning. The method of cyclical learning rate was taken to avoid blind finding, and tests were repeated until accidentally encountering a good value. Measures of visualization were also considered to make the MSWNet model more transparent and accountable. Results showed transfer learning enhanced the efficiency of training time (from 741 s to 598.5 s), and improved the accuracy of recognition performance (from 88.50% to 93.50%); MSWNet showed a better performance in MSW classsification in terms of sensitivity (93.50%), precision (93.40%), F1-score (93.40%), accuracy (93.50%) and AUC (92.00%). The findings of this study can be taken as a reference for building the model MSW classification by deep learning, quantifying a suitable learning rate, and changing the data from high dimensions to two dimensions.     

浅议提高环保工程项目的质量管理水平

分析了环保工程总承包项目质量管理中存在的主要问题，提出了提高项目质量管理水平的主要措施。     

甘氨酸厂废液综合治理的工艺及实验研究

对氯乙酸氨解法生产甘氨酸所排放的工业废水首先运用多效真空蒸发兼热泵技术回收氯化铵,然后对蒸发过程中产生的二次蒸汽冷凝水采用一次吹脱-催化氧化-二次吹脱的工艺进行处理,可使废水中的各种污染物有效去除。通过实验确定了冷凝水处理过程中的吹脱及氧化的最佳工艺参数。     

残酸再利用工艺技术

针对油田酸化过程中返排出的残酸处理困难,造成较大污染、浪费等问题,分析了残酸作为调剖剂的价值,研究了利用“残酸”进行调剖的工艺技术,并进行了现场试验,投入产出比为1:28,取得了较好的经济效益和社会效益,为”残酸”的再利用和环境保护找到了一条有效途径。     

硼氢化钠还原法回收电镀废液中的铜

采用NaBH4作为还原剂回收电镀废液中的铜。正交实验结果表明,各因素对剩余铜离子质量浓度的影响的显著性顺序为n(NaBH4)∶n(CuSO4)反应时间反应温度。最佳实验条件为:n(NaBH4)∶n(CuSO4)=1.50,反应温度30℃,反应时间25min。经该工艺可获得平均粒径为33nm的近球形立方晶系纳米铜粉,处理后废液中铜离子质量浓度低至0.2mg/L。在铜粉制备过程中加入非离子型表面活性剂可有效阻止晶粒长大,并提高其分散性能,使产物粒径均匀。采用苯骈三氮唑处理后的铜粉抗氧化能力明显提高。     

Occurrence,transport, and toxicity of nanomaterials in soil ecosystems: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - The recent and widespread use of engineered nanomaterials in many industrial sectors is a rising health issue for living organisms and ecosystems, yet there is...     

Heavy metal characteristics in porewater profiles,their benthic fluxes,and toxicity in cascade reservoirs of the Lancang River,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The construction of cascade reservoirs on the Lancang River (the upper Mekong) has an important influence on the distribution and accumulation of...