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251.
太湖春季和秋季蓝藻光合作用活性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用Phyto-PAM浮游植物分析仪测定太湖蓝藻光合作用活性的时空间分布.结果表明,太湖蓝藻光合活性具有显著的时空差异:春季蓝藻的最大光量子产量Fv/Fm (可变荧光和最大荧光之比)和实际光量子产量Fv'/Fm'分别在0.35~0.49和0.16~0.29之间,秋季蓝藻分别在 0.33~0.53和0.21~0.43之间,太湖秋季蓝藻的最大光合作用能力和实际光合作用能力大于春季蓝藻.春季和秋季蓝藻的非光化学淬灭NPQ(non-photochemical quenching)分别在0.012~0.17和0.035~0.26之间,秋季蓝藻的NPQ高于春季蓝藻,说明秋季蓝藻的自我保护能力高于春季蓝藻.快速光响应曲线(Rapid light curve, RLC)的特征参数表明春季蓝藻的光能利用效率、最大电子传递速率和光饱和强度点高于秋季蓝藻;从空间分布来看,蓝藻的最大光合作用能力、实际光合作用能力和光合作用效率在营养水平低和有水草分布的湖区相对较低,富营养化水平高的湖区则相对较高.因此,降低太湖营养盐浓度,恢复水生植物,能够抑制蓝藻的光合作用活性和生长,从而降低蓝藻水华强度. 相似文献
252.
有序介孔碳载金/L-赖氨酸/纳米金修饰电极的制备及其对邻苯二酚、对苯二酚的检测响应研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
通过化学还原的方法合成有序介孔碳负载纳米金粒子,并构筑有序介孔碳载金/L-赖氨酸/纳米金复合膜修饰玻碳电极;利用扫描电镜观察介孔碳和介孔碳复合膜的微观结构,并用循环伏安法、电化学阻抗谱表征自组装电极的过程.在此基础上用差分脉冲伏安法研究对苯二酚和邻苯二酚混合物在该电极上的电催化氧化,研制了一种基于有序介孔碳载金/L-赖氨酸/纳米金复合膜修饰电极分别检测对苯二酚和邻苯二酚的传感器.在最优的实验条件下,该传感器在对苯二酚和邻苯二酚浓度为1×10-6~8×10-4mol·L-1的范围内具有良好的线性关系,检出限分别为3×10-7mol·L-1、7×10-7mol·L-1. 相似文献
253.
Adsorption of lead on multi-walled carbon nanotubes with different outer diameters and oxygen contents: Kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The effects of different outer diameters and surface oxygen contents on the adsorption of heavy metals onto six types of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were investigated in an aqueous solution and lead was chosen as a model metal ion. The results indicated that the percentage removal and adsorption capacity of lead remarkably increased with decreasing outer diameter due to larger specific surface area (SSA). The SSA-normalized maximum adsorption capacity (qm /SSA) and SSA-normalized adsorption coefficient (Kd /SSA) were strongly positively correlated with surface oxygen content, implying that lead adsorption onto MWCNTs significantly increases with the rise of oxygen content and decreases with decreasing SSA. The calculated thermodynamic parameters indicated that adsorption of lead on MWCNTs was endothermic and spontaneous. When the oxygen content of MWCNTs increased from 2.0% to 5.9%, the standard free energy (△ G0 ) became more negative, which implied that the oxygenated functional groups increased the adsorption affinity of MWCNTs for lead. Through calculation of enthalpy (△ H0 ), G0 and free energy of adsorption (Ea ), lead adsorption onto MWCNTs was recognized as a chemisorption process. The chemical interaction between lead and the phenolic groups of MWCNTs could be one of the main adsorption mechanisms due to highly positive correlations between the phenolic groups and K d /SSA or q m /SSA. 相似文献
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256.
We have created a new method of ZnS nanospheres synthesis. By interface-mediated precipitation method (IMPM), monodisperse ZnS nanoparticles was synthesized on the particle surface of sulfate-reducing bacterium nutritious agar culture. Sulfate-reducing bacterium (SRB) was used as a sulfide producer because of its dissimilatory sulfate reduction capability, meanwhile produced a variety of amino acids acting as templates for nanomaterials synthesis. Then zinc acetate was dispersed into nutritious agar plate. Subsequently agar plate was broken into particles bearing much external surface, which successfully mediated the synthesis of monodisperse ZnS nanoparticles. The morphology of monodisperse ZnS nanospheres and SRB were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the microstructure was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The thermostability of ZnS nanoparticles was determined by thermo gravimetric-differential thermo gravimetric (TG-DTG). The maximum absorption wavelengh was analysed with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer within a range of 199–700 nm. As a result, monodisperse ZnS nanoparticles were successfully synthesized, with an average diameter of 80 nm. Maximum absorption wavelengh was 228 nm, and heat decomposed temperature of monodisperse ZnS nanoparticles was 596°C. 相似文献
257.
Zhanguo Liang Jun Mu Ying Mu Jiaming Shi Wenjing Hao Xuewei Dong Hongquan Yu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,(S1):S106-S109
We have created a new method of ZnS nanospheres synthesis. By interface-mediated precipitation method (IMPM), monodisperse ZnS nanoparticles was synthesized on the particle surface of sulfate-reducing bacterium nutritious agar culture. Sulfate-reducing bacterium (SRB) was used as a sulfide producer because of its dissimilatory sulfate reduction capability, meanwhile produced a variety of amino acids acting as templates for nanomaterials synthesis. Then zinc acetate was dispersed into nutritious agar plate. Subsequently agar plate was broken into particles bearing much external surface, which successfully mediated the synthesis of monodisperse ZnS nanoparticles. The morphology of monodisperse ZnS nanospheres and SRB were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the microstructure was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The thermostability of ZnS nanoparticles was determined by thermo gravimetric-differential thermo gravimetric (TG-DTG). The maximum absorption wavelengh was analysed with an ultravioletvisible spectrophotometer within a range of 199-700 nm. As a result, monodisperse ZnS nanoparticles were successfully synthesized, with an average diameter of 80 nm. Maximum absorption wavelengh was 228 nm, and heat decomposed temperature of monodisperse ZnS nanoparticles was 596℃. 相似文献
258.
Yilei Yu Xianfang Song Yinghua Zhang Fandong Zheng Ji Liang Dongmei Han Ying M Hongmei Bu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(9):1754-1763
Reclaimed water was successfully used to recover the dry Chaobai River in Northern China, but groundwater may be polluted. To ensure groundwater protection, it is therefore critical to identify the governing factors of groundwater chemistry. Samples of reclaimed water, river and groundwater were collected monthly at Chaobai River from January to September in 2010. Fifteen water parameters were analyzed. Two kinds of reclaimed water were different in type (Na-Ca-Mg-Cl-HCO3 or Na-Ca-Cl-HCO3 ) and concentration of nitrogen. The ionic concentration and type in river were similar to reclaimed water. Some shallow wells near the river bed had the same type (Na-Ca-Mg-Cl-HCO3 ) and high concentration as reclaimed water, but others were consistent with the deep wells (Ca-Mg-HCO3 ). Using cluster analysis, the 9 months were divided into two periods (dry and wet seasons), and all samples were grouped into several spatial clusters, indicating different controlling mechanisms. Principal component analysis and conventional ionic plots showed that calcium, magnesium and bicarbonate were controlled by water-rock interaction in all deep and some shallow wells. This included the dissolution of calcite and carbonate weathering. Sodium, potassium, chloride and sulfate in river and some shallow wells recharged by river were governed by evaporation crystallization and mixing of reclaimed water. But groundwater chemistry was not controlled by precipitation. During the infiltration of reclaimed water, cation exchange took place between (sodium, potassium) and (calcium, magnesium). Nitrification and denitrification both happened in most shallow groundwater, but only denitrification in deep groundwater. 相似文献
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