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451.
采用共沉淀法合成出一系列镁铝摩尔比不同的碳酸根型水滑石(LDHs),经500℃高温煅烧制备出镁铝复合氧化物CLDH,并用X-射线、红外光谱对它们进行表征。考查了吸附剂投加量、反应时间、初始pH值等因素对LDHs和CLDH处理阴离子染料活性艳红X-3B模拟废水效果的影响,并对吸附机理进行探讨。实验结果表明:以镁铝摩尔比为3∶1时制得的水滑石对活性艳红X-3B溶液的脱色效果最好。水滑石LDHs及其焙烧产物CLDH对活性艳红X-3B染料均具有较好的吸附性能,最佳反应时间分别为60 min和30 min;在较宽的pH范围内二者的脱色性能稳定,且CLDH对该染料的吸附效果要优于LDHs。LDHs及CLDH对活性艳红X-3B的吸附结果符合Langmuir吸附等温式,25℃下饱和吸附量分别为263.77 mg/g和875.23 mg/g。LDHs及CLDH的吸附机理分别为离子交换和层状结构重建。饱和吸附后的CLDH用高温热解法再生,吸附性能良好,随再生次数增多,脱色率下降。 相似文献
452.
Photolysis of Enrofloxacin in aqueous systems under simulated sunlight irradiation: Kinetics, mechanism and toxicity of photolysis products 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Photolysis of Enro in water was investigated under simulated sunlight irradiation using a Xenon lamp. The results showed that Enro photolysis followed apparent first-order kinetics. Increasing Enro concentration from 5.0 to 40.0 mg L−1 led to the decrease of the photolysis rate constant from 1.6 × 10−2 to 3.0 × 10−3 min−1. Compared with the acidic and basic conditions, the photolysis rate was faster at neutral condition. Both of nitrate and humic acid can markedly decrease the photolysis rate of Enro because they can competitively absorb photons with Enro. The electron spin resonance and reactive oxygen species scavenging experiments indicated that Enro underwent self-sensitized photooxidation via OH and 1O2. After irradiation for 90 min, only 13.1% reduction of TOC occurred in spite of fast photolysis of 58.9% of Enro, indicating that Enro was transformed into intermediates without complete mineralization. The photolysis of Enro involved three main pathways: decarboxylation, defluorination, and piperazinyl N4-dealkylation. The bioluminescence inhibition rate using Vibrio fischeri increased to 67.2% at 60 min and then decreased to 56.9% at 90 min, indicative of the generation of some more toxic intermediates than Enro and then the degradation of the intermediates. The results will help us understand fundamental mechanisms of Enro photolysis and provide insight into the potential fate and transformation of Enro in surface waters. 相似文献
453.
Quantification of net carbon flux from plastic greenhouse vegetable cultivation: a full carbon cycle analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wang Y Xu H Wu X Zhu Y Gu B Niu X Liu A Peng C Ge Y Chang J 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(5):1427-1434
Plastic greenhouse vegetable cultivation (PGVC) has played a vital role in increasing incomes of farmers and expanded dramatically in last several decades. However, carbon budget after conversion from conventional vegetable cultivation (CVC) to PGVC has been poorly quantified. A full carbon cycle analysis was used to estimate the net carbon flux from PGVC systems based on the combination of data from both field observations and literatures. Carbon fixation was evaluated at two pre-selected locations in China. Results suggest that: (1) the carbon sink of PGVC is 1.21 and 1.23 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 for temperate and subtropical area, respectively; (2) the conversion from CVC to PGVC could substantially enhance carbon sink potential by 8.6 times in the temperate area and by 1.3 times in the subtropical area; (3) the expansion of PGVC usage could enhance the potential carbon sink of arable land in China overall. 相似文献
454.
455.
Gu Zhaolin Han Jie Zhang Liyuan Wang Hongliang Luo Xilian Meng Xiangzhao Zhang Yue Niu Xinyi Lan Yang Wu Shaowei Cao Junji Lichtfouse Eric 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(2):725-739
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Policies and measures to control pandemics are often failing. While biological factors controlling transmission are usually well explored, little is known about... 相似文献
456.
457.
本文主要针对雾霾天气背景下大气环境监测质量的提升路径展开深入研究,先阐述了大气环境监测质量的提升重要性,比如有利于提高环境污染的防治水平、有利于不断提高城市环境规划水平等,然后重点提出了几点可行的提升路径,主要包括制定大气环境监测质量保障体系、加强环境质量监测网络建设、加强大气环境监测采样管理、加强3S技术的应用、加强监测监察联动协调机制、扩大大气环境质量评价范围等,确保监测数据与完整性和准确性相符,确保大气环境监测质量的稳步提升,以创建节能减排、生态环保的节约型社会。 相似文献
458.
With increasing attention paid to the recycling use of aged refuse as vegetated soil, it is important to check its possible polluting risk and probe the tolerance of plant system to its stress. For this reason, several physiological responses in Zea mays L. (maize) to the leaching samples of aged refuse in different particle-size (900-300, 300-150, 150-105, 105-90, and 90-0 microm) were investigated in the present study, including growth, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes. The results indicate that the aged refuse affected the growth of maize seedlings, and elevated the levels of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in leaf tissues in a time-dependent manner, accompanying by the changes of antioxidant status. Also, above physiological responses varied as a function of particle-size distribution of the aged refuse, and statistical growth inhibition and oxidative stress occurred after the exposure of smaller particle-size samples, which contained higher level trace metals, the characteristic pollutants in the aged refuse. The results implicate that aged refuse might cause environmental stress on plant system, but the polluting risk mainly resulted from smaller particle-size samples. Therefore, the critical point of utilizing aged refuse as vegetated soil focused on analyzing its particle-size distribution, and screening out appropriate particle-size samples. 相似文献
459.
Release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from Yangtze River sediment cores during periods of simulated resuspension 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The role of resuspension duration on release of 16 PAHs was measured experimentally using a particle entrainment simulator (PES). Three sediment cores were resuspended for 12h at 0.2 and 0.5N m(-2). PAHs in water column and total suspended solids (TSS) were monitored at intervals. After 0.25h of resuspension, PAH release was on average 42% of their concentrations after 12h of resuspension, indicating fast release of PAHs from sediments in an initial short time. Moreover, PAHs released faster at 0.5N m(-2) than at 0.2N m(-2); low molecular weight PAHs (2-3-ring) released faster than median molecular weight (4-ring) PAHs. PAH concentrations in TSS showed generally increase with time and differences in magnitudes based on sediment type and energy. Overall, the composition of sediments is the major factor in determining the amount of released PAHs, more so than the level of resuspension energy applied. 相似文献
460.