A TiO2/crosslinked carboxymethyl starch composite for high-efficiency adsorption and photodegradation of cationic golden yellow X-GL dye

In this paper, a crosslinked carboxymethyl starch (CCMS) was prepared with corn starch as the raw material, epichlorohydrin as the crosslinking agent, and chloroacetic acid as the etherifying agent through a series of crosslinking, alkalization, and etherification reactions, respectively. Nano-TiO₂ was loaded onto the surface of the CCMS by the sol-gel method to obtain a TiO₂/CCMS composite. The TiO₂/CCMS composite was characterized by XPS, XRD, SEM, and BET. XPS showed that the surface chemical composition of the TiO₂/CCMS composite material contained titanium; XRD diffraction patterns indicated that the crystal form of the TiO₂/CCMS composite was a combination of the CCMS and anatase TiO₂. The surface morphology obtained by SEM showed that there were nano-TiO₂ particles on the surface of the CCMS. The specific surface area of the TiO₂/CCMS composite was larger than that of CCMS. The adsorption-photodegradation performance of the TiO₂/CCMS composite was also studied under UV irradiation, and the results showed that significant adsorption-photodegradation synergies occurred.

     

朱集矿13-1煤瓦斯参数规律研究

为了采取合理的瓦斯抽采技术,实现矿井安全高效开采,对朱集矿13-1煤瓦斯基本参数进行了现场和实验室测定,得出了瓦斯含量、瓦斯压力、放散初速度,透气性系数、坚固性系数等参数,并对测定结果进行了理论分析,得出了这些参数的基本规律.结果表明:随着开采深度的增加,在一定深度范围内,其瓦斯压力、瓦斯含量呈线性增长,瓦斯压力与瓦斯含量都比较大;煤层钻孔瓦斯衰减系数较大,该煤层的透气性系数较小,D、K值小于其临界值,可判断出该煤层为难抽煤层且有突出危险性.     

地铁突发大客流安全控制方式设计

地铁突发大客流不仅影响单个车站,对整个地铁网也会产生影响.为了保证地铁的正常运营活动,从系统整体联合的角度出发,提出事先预测、系统联合、加强沟通、分级负责的应对突发大客流事件原则;重点设计了大客流情况下的行车组织和车站客流控制方式,提出了自组织与他组织的大客流安全控制措施,并从客流角度对大客流按阶段进行划分控制,以科学、灵活、安全的方式控制大客流.     

微波辐照褐煤半焦脱除低浓度NO的研究

选用褐煤半焦在微波辐照条件下脱除低浓度NO,研究了微波功率、空速、停留时间和O2浓度对脱硝率的影响。结果表明,在微波加热条件下,功率越大,褐煤半焦温度越高,脱硝效果越好。在微波功率250 W时(半焦中心温度400℃左右),脱硝率达到92%,空速越小即停留时间越长,越有利于NO的去除,O2的加入有利于促进NO的还原。褐煤半焦的脱硝性能仅次于活性炭,远高于焦炭,证实了选取的褐煤半焦是一种性能优越的微波脱硝材料。     

用味精生产废水培养好氧颗粒污泥

以厌氧颗粒污泥为接种污泥,采用味精生产废水进行培养,在SBR中以逐渐降低污泥沉淀时间的方法成功培养出好氧颗粒污泥。实验结果表明：污泥接种65 d后,出现细小的好氧颗粒污泥,呈黄褐色,95 d后颗粒污泥趋于成熟,粒径达0.6 mm左右,且周围存在大量原生动物;运行95 d后MLSS提高至8.00 g/L,SVI降至30.00 mL/g左右;成熟后的好氧颗粒污泥对味精生产废水中的COD和NH₃-N具有良好的去除效果,出水COD和ρ（NH₃-N）分别为80 mg/L和2 mg/L左右。     

故障树分析法在高炉炉前灼伤事故中的应用

应用故障树分析法能系统地分析高炉炉前灼伤的原因,在故障村图上,因果关系明确,并能找出事故发生的主要原因,从而制定措施,以有效地预防事故的发生。     

具有超压/负压防护功能的急救车防生物污染的安全性试验研究

采用粘质沙雷菌气溶胶,对具有超压/负压防护功能的急救车防生物污染的安全性进行试验考核。分别测试气溶胶发生后30s,1min,5min,10min时,车厢在超压防护和负压防护下的过滤效率,其结果表明:急救车在超压防护状态下开启空调时的平均过滤效率能达到99.99%,不开空调时的平均过滤效率能达到99.95%;在负压防护状态下开启空调时的平均过滤效率能达到99.93%,不开空调时的平均过滤效率能达到99.95%。证明急救车能够通过生物污染区域安全运送、急救伤病员,也能够运送、急救生物污染伤病员或烈性传染病员确保沿途环境不受污染,该研究成果为应对生物恐怖袭击和突发公共卫生事件(烈性传染病)提供了一种安全可靠的机动医疗救治平台。     

我国危险化学品企业搬迁方案研究

概要地对我国现有危险化学品企业安全防护距离不足的现状进行分析,提出危险化学品企业搬迁工作实施的基本原则,探讨危险化学品企业搬迁范围的确定、厂址的解决、资金的分配、政策的制定和长效机制的建立等问题。建议搬迁企业在政府的统一规划下,坚持以人为本,坚持安全生产和可持续发展的原则,在搬迁中提高技术含量和社会形象,增强市场竞争力。针对我国危险化学品企业的特点提出了一套搬迁方案和步骤。论文的研究成果将为各地政府指导当地危险化学品企业进行科学规划,对待搬迁的危险化学品企业实现安全有效搬迁及健康发展提供了有益参考。     

基于尺度效应的灰岩强度研究

通过水口山康家湾矿采集的岩样,利用岩石力学试验机对不同直径和不同高度的灰岩进行了大量的单轴压缩试验,研究了不同高径比岩样的变形和破坏形式。结果表明:岩石高度对岩石强度峰值以前的变形特性没有显著的影响;当直径一定时,随着长度的增大,岩样的破裂形式由复杂的平行破坏变为剪切破坏。同时指出通过增加垫块的刚度可以减小端面的摩擦效应。同时对由于取样造成的岩样强度降低的原因进行了分析。     

Modeling the contribution of speeding and impaired driving to insurance claim counts and costs when contributing factors are unknown

PROBLEM: There are no specific indicators for distinguishing insurance claims related to speeding and impaired driving in the information warehouse at the Insurance Corporation of British Columbia. Contributing factors are only recorded for that part of the claim data that is also reported by the police. Most published statistics on crashes that are related to alcohol or speeding are based on police-reported data, but this represents only a fraction of all incidents. METHOD: This paper proposes surrogate models to estimate the counts and the average costs associated with speeding and impaired driving to insurance claims when contributing factors are unknown. Using police-reported data, classification rules and logistic regression models are developed to form such estimates. One approach applies classification rules to categorize insurance claims into those related to speeding, impaired driving, and other factors. The counts and the costs of insurance claims for each of these strata and overall are then estimated. A second method models the probability that an insurance claim is related to speeding or impaired driving using logistic regression and uses this to estimate the overall counts and the average costs of the claims. The two methods are compared and evaluated using simulation studies. RESULTS: The logistic regression model was found to be superior to the classification model for predicting insurance claim counts by category, but less efficient at predicting average claim costs. IMPACT: Having estimates of counts and costs of insurance claims related to impaired driving or speeding for all reported crash events provides a more accurate basis for policy-makers to plan changes and benefits of road safety programs.