微囊藻毒素-LR对鸡肝脏的氧化损伤影响

蓝藻虽然能产生有毒的生物毒素,但是也含有较高的蛋白质。为探索蓝藻饲料化利用的可能性,本文通过腹腔注射的方式研究了微囊藻毒素-LR(MC-LR)对崇仁麻鸡的半数致死剂量(LD_(50))及其对肝脏的氧化损伤。实验设计了4个剂量组(对照组、5、10和20μg·kg~(-1)MC-LR),并在1、3、12、24和48 h检测了谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量以及谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性变化。结果表明,MC-LR对崇仁麻鸡的LD_(50)值为34.67μg·kg~(-1)体重(bw),95%的置信限为33.51～35.83μg·kg~(-1)bw。在MC-LR的作用下,鸡肝出现了氧化应激现象。3个染毒组鸡肝中GSH含量呈现先下降而后上升恢复至正常水平的趋势,GST酶活力表现为先上升而后下降至正常值的趋势,这说明GSH和GST共同参与了鸡肝中MC-LR的解毒;鸡肝中GPX酶活性在前3小时先保持不变(除了1 h的高剂量组),随即显著上升,这说明GPX和GSH共同参与了鸡肝中过量活性氧自由基(ROS)的清除,GPX可以作为监测MC-LR引起鸡毒性作用的生物标志物。CAT酶活力表现为先显著下降(P<0.05)而后快速上升至正常值的趋势,SOD酶在整个实验期间几乎保持稳定,这可能与SOD酶活性较高所致。     

Effects of climate variables on the transmission of COVID-19: a systematic review of 62 ecological studies

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was initially discovered at the end of 2019 in Wuhan City in China and has caused one of the...     

Could biochar amendment be a tool to improve soil availability and plant uptake of phosphorus? A meta-analysis of published experiments

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As one of the most important nutrients for plant growth, phosphorus was often poorly available in soil. While biochar addition induced improvement of...     

Adsorption of Ammonium by Graphene Oxide-Based Composites Prepared by UV Irradiation and Using as Slow-Release Fertilizer

A novel sodium alginate-grafted poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide (NaAlg-g-PAA/GO) composite hydrogel was prepared via ultraviolet irradiation, and characterized by infrared spectroscopy spectrometer. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was employed to adsorb NH₄⁺ from aqueous solution and used as slow-release nitrogen fertilizers (SNFs). Result indicated that the adsorption process for NH₄⁺ reached equilibrium within 50 min, with the adsorption capacity of 6.6 mmol g^?1 even if 30 wt% GO was incorporated. The results of adsorption kinetic and isotherm were well described by the pseudo-second-order and Freundlich model. The thermodynamics analysis showed the adsorption process was spontaneous. The study indicated excellent water-holding ratio of soil with 2 wt% SNFs was 81.2%, and nitrogen release was up to 55.1% within 40 days in soil. Overall, NaAlg-g-PAA/GO could be considered as an efficient adsorbent for the recovery of nitrogen with the agronomic reuse as a fertilizer.     

Distillers’ grains anaerobic digestion residue biochar used for ammonium sorption and its effect on ammonium leaching from an Ultisol

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aim of this work was to explore the potential application of biochar from distillers’ grains anaerobic digestion residue pyrolyzed at...     

Numerical model of aerobic bioreactor landfill considering aerobic-anaerobic condition and bio-stable zone development

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Aeration by airflow technology is a reliable method to accelerate waste biodegradation and stabilization and hence shorten the aftercare period of a...     

Physiological responses involved in cadmium tolerance in a high-cadmium-accumulating rice (Oryza sativa L.) line

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The disparity of tolerance in plants in response to Cd stress is associated with multiple physiological processes. A pot experiment was conducted to...     

Investigation on the interaction between triclosan and bovine serum albumin by spectroscopic methods

Abstract

Multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking methods were used to study the interaction between triclosan (TCS) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The results indicated that the fluorescence quenching of BSA by TCS was due to the formation of TCS–BSA complex through static quenching. This result was also demonstrated by time-resolved fluorescence experiment. The binding constants and number of binding sites between TCS and BSA were 1.30?×?10⁵ M^?1 and 1.17 at 298?K, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters were studied in detail which suggested that hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bond played major roles in the TCS–BSA interaction. Moreover, the site marker competitive experiments and docking studies revealed that TCS could bind BSA into site I in subdomain IIA. All the results of UV–vis spectrophotometry, circular dichroism spectroscopy and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy showed that interaction between TCS and BSA induced conformation changes of BSA.     

Implications of genetics and current protected areas for conservation of 5 endangered primates in China

Most of China's 24–28 primate species are threatened with extinction. Habitat reduction and fragmentation are perhaps the greatest threats. We used published data from a conservation genetics study of 5 endangered primates in China (Rhinopithecus roxellana, R. bieti, R. brelichi, Trachypithecus francoisi, and T. leucocephalus); distribution data on these species; and the distribution, area, and location of protected areas to inform conservation strategies for these primates. All 5 species were separated into subpopulations with unique genetic components. Gene flow appeared to be strongly impeded by agricultural land, meadows used for grazing, highways, and humans dwellings. Most species declined severely or diverged concurrently as human population and crop land cover increased. Nature reserves were not evenly distributed across subpopulations with unique genetic backgrounds. Certain small subpopulations were severely fragmented and had higher extinction risk than others. Primate mobility is limited and their genetic structure is strong and susceptible to substantial loss of diversity due to local extinction. Thus, to maximize preservation of genetic diversity in all these primate species, our results suggest protection is required for all sub‐populations. Key priorities for their conservation include maintaining R. roxellana in Shennongjia national reserve, subpopulations S4 and S5 of R. bieti and of R. brelichi in Fanjingshan national reserve, subpopulation CGX of T. francoisi in central Guangxi Province, and all 3 T. leucocephalus sub‐populations in central Guangxi Province.