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31.
花叶芦竹水平潜流人工湿地脱氮性能研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
采用花叶芦竹水平潜流人工湿地处理生活污水,对其脱氮性能进行研究。结果表明:在HRT=5 d,对TOC,NH+4-N,NO-2-N,NO-3-N和TN的去除效果分别达到92%、93%、84%、51%和88%,相应空白湿地的去除率分别为91%、85%、-232%、-203%和66%。大部分TOC在湿地的前端被去除。花叶芦竹可以直接吸收氮素,向湿地输送氧气,通过根系分泌物提供碳源。因此,花叶芦竹人工湿地具有很好的硝化反硝化能力,实现了良好的脱氮性能。 相似文献
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Spatial variability of soil heavy metals in the three gorges area: multivariate and geostatistical analyses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
There is a growing concern about environmental contamination in the three gorges area. The objectives of this study were to investigate the spatial variability and the possible influence factors of seven heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn) in the center of this area based on multivariate and geostatistical approaches. All analyzed heavy metals were below their background levels, except Cd. The average concentrations of the analyzed elements in topsoil (0-20 cm) were 5.83 mg As kg(-1), 0.21 mg Cd kg(-1), 78.79 mg Cr kg(-1), 21.53 mg Cu kg (-1), 0.049 mg Hg kg(-1), 24.12 mg Pb kg(-1), and 68.5 mg Zn kg(-1). The concentration of As was mostly due to parent materials, whereas the source of Pb was mainly due to vehicle exhaust. The high concentration of Cd was resulted from agricultural practices and parent materials. The concentrations of Cr, Cu, Hg, and Zn were associated with parent materials and human activities. 相似文献
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Yang-ying Zhao Fan-xin Kong Zhi Wang Hong-wei Yang Xiao-mao Wang Yuefeng F. Xie T. David Waite 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2017,11(6):20
This study was conducted to assess the merits and limitations of various high-pressure membranes, tight nanofiltration (NF) membranes in particular, for the removal of trace organic compounds (TrOCs). The performance of a low-pressure reverse osmosis (LPRO) membrane (ESPA1), a tight NF membrane (NF90) and two loose NF membranes (HL and NF270) was compared for the rejection of 23 different pharmaceuticals (PhACs). Efforts were also devoted to understand the effect of adsorption on the rejection performance of each membrane. Difference in hydrogen bond formation potential (HFP) was taken into consideration. Results showed that NF90 performed similarly to ESPA1 with mean rejection higher than 95%. NF270 outperformed HL in terms of both water permeability and PhAC rejection higher than 90%. Electrostatic effects were more significant in PhAC rejection by loose NF membranes than tight NF and LPRO membranes. The adverse effect of adsorption on rejection by HL and ESPA1 was more substantial than NF270 and NF90, which could not be simply explained by the difference in membrane surface hydrophobicity, selective layer thickness or pore size. The HL membrane had a lower rejection of PhACs of higher hydrophobicity (log D>0) and higher HFP (>0.02). Nevertheless, the effects of PhAC hydrophobicity and HFP on rejection by ESPA1 could not be discerned. Poor rejection of certain PhACs could generally be explained by aspects of steric hindrance, electrostatic interactions and adsorption. High-pressure membranes like NF90 and NF270 have a high promise in TrOC removal from contaminated water. 相似文献
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Xie Binghan Gong Weijia Ding An Yu Huarong Qu Fangshu Tang Xiaobin Yan Zhongsen Li Guibai Liang Heng 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(29):23226-23235
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a sustainable technology to treat cattle manure slurry (CMS) for converting chemical energy to bioelectricity. In this... 相似文献
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研究了在模拟太阳光下,采用银修饰的碘掺杂二氧化钛光催化剂(Ag/I—TiO2)对某食品厂山核桃加工废水进行光催化预处理的效果。结合x射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积分析(BET)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(uV—Vis)的表征结果,来分析催化剂结构对于废水处理效果的影响。探讨了Ag含量、废水初始pH(pHi)和光照时间等因素对化学需氧量(COD)去除及水质可生化性(B/C)提高的影响。并得出适宜的反应参数为:3%Ag含量;pHi为6;光照时间为240min。在最佳条件下,COD去除率45%,废水B/C比由0.17上升到0.31。光催化氧化法能够有效降低山核桃加工废水的COD含量,并达到显著提高废水可生化性的目的。 相似文献
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Rui Wan Yuyin Yang Weimin Sun Zhao Wang Shuguang Xie 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(4):3175-3181
The objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of ammonia and nitrate nitrogen sources on simazine biodegradation by Arthrobacter sp. strain SD1 and the community structures of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) in non-agricultural soil. Soil microcosms with different treatments were constructed for herbicide biodegradation test. The relative abundance of the strain SD1 and the structures of AOA and AOB communities were assessed using quantitative PCR (q-PCR) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP), respectively. The co-existence of two inorganic nitrogen sources (ammonia and nitrate) had certain impact on simazine dissipation by the strain SD1. Bioaugmentation could induce a shift in the community structures of both AOA and AOB, but AOA were more responsive. Nitrogen application had significant impacts on AOA and AOB communities in bioaugmented soils. Moreover, in non-bioaugmented soil, the community structure of AOA, instead of AOB, could be quickly recovered after herbicide application. This study could add some new insights towards the impacts of nitrogen sources on s-triazine bioremediation and ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in soil ecosystem. 相似文献
40.
生物阴极式碳纸隔膜微生物燃料电池的反硝化和产电性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了探讨生物阴极式廉价隔膜微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cell,MFC)的基本性能,首先以生物反硝化作用为基础构建了生物阴极MFC,并进一步以涂布聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的廉价碳纸代替昂贵的质子交换膜(PEM)构建碳纸隔膜生物阴极式MFC。研究结果显示,对于生物阴极式MFC,阴极室中最适宜反硝化细菌生长的NO-3-N浓度为99.2 mg/L,此时输出电压最高可达0.11 V,1 h内NO-3-N的去除率达到80.0%,COD去除率为62.8%;以涂PTFE的碳纸代替PEM的生物阴极式MFC与有PEM的MFC最高输出电压基本一致(均达到0.22 V,外阻500Ω),但碳纸隔膜MFC的产电更稳定。结果验证了廉价隔膜生物阴极式MFC的可行性,并为其应用于污水脱氮奠定基础。 相似文献