制备方法对MgAl水滑石衍生氧化物负载钯催化剂丙烷完全氧化活性的影响

以沉积沉淀法(DP)、浸渍法(IM)和共沉淀法(CP)制备MgAl水滑石衍生氧化物负载钯催化剂,用ICP、XRD、SEM、TEM、EDS、TPR以及比表面测定等手段对催化剂进行了表征.ICP和XRD数据表明用上述3种方法均可成功制备水滑石为前体载钯催化剂.SEM、TEM、EDS数据表明不同方法制备的样品具有不同的形貌以及钯在其中的分散度.综合各类表征数据可知Pd在催化剂中暴露的活性位是影响其活性的主要因素.     

ASBBR处理超高盐榨菜腌制废水

研究以超高盐榨菜腌制废水为对象,考察填料种类、负荷和温度对ASBBR启动及处理效能的影响。研究结果表明,在温度为30℃,盐度为7%（NaCl计）,负荷为1 kg COD/（m³·d）的条件下,采用聚氨酯泡沫填料的反应器经67 d可成功构建超高盐榨菜腌制废水厌氧生物处理系统,较未设置填料、投加半软性组合填料、球形组合填料和聚苯乙烯泡沫填料的反应器分别缩短了26、6、24和18 d,且运行至第79天,可使出水COD降至375 mg/L,COD去除率为92.86%;通过对负荷的阶段逐步提高,可提升反应器有机负荷至15 kg COD/（m³·d）,使进水COD为（27 000±2 000）mg/L的超高盐废水,出水COD均值降至2 200 mg/L ,平均去除率达到92.03%;温度对反应器处理效能影响显著,温度分别为30、25、20、15和10℃时,反应器COD去除率分别为92.63%、84.07%、67.13%、54.61%和44.19%。     

土壤渗滤对有机微污染物去除性能研究

采用土壤柱试验研究了土壤渗滤对再生水中有机微污染物的去除性能。结果表明,土壤柱对再生水中的DOC、UV₂₅₄、总氮和总磷有较好的去除效果,并具有较高的抗冲击负荷的能力;土壤表层10 cm厚度对DOC的去除起主要作用;UV₂₅₄和AOX在土壤表层10 cm厚度降解效果不明显,随着深度增加去除率逐渐升高;液相色谱有机碳探测(LC-OCD)检测结果表明,土壤柱对溶解性有机物质的去除主要体现在对多糖物质的降解上,其次是有机酸类,对腐殖质也有一定的去除作用。     

A meta-analysis of heavy metals pollution in farmland and urban soils in China over the past 20 years

A total of 713 research papers about field monitor experiments of heavy metals in farmland and urban soils in China, published from 2000 to 2019, were obtained. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the level of China's heavy metal pollution in soils, mainly focusing on eight heavy metals. It was found that the average concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and arsenic (As) in China were 0.19, 30.74, 85.86, 25.81, 0.074, 67.37, 27.77 and 8.89 mg/kg, respectively. Compared with the background value (0.097 mg/kg), the Cd content showed a twofold (0.19 mg/kg) rise in farmland soils and a threefold (0.29 mg/kg) rise in urban soils. The decreasing order of the mean I_geo was Cd (1.77) > Pb (0.62) > Zn (0.60) > Cu (0.58) > Hg (0.57) > Cr (0.54) > Ni (0.47) > As (0.28). Nearly 33.54% and 44.65% of sites in farmland and urban soils were polluted with Cd. The average concentrations of eight heavy metals were not sensitive change in recent two decades in farmland and urban soils. The average P_n values for urban (2.52) and farmland (2.15) soils showed that heavy metal pollution in urban soils was more serious than that in farmland, and the middle Yangtze River regions, where industrial activity dominates, were the most polluted. The meta-analysis comprehensively evaluated the current pollution situation of soil heavy metal, and provided important basis for soil management and environment prevention in China.     

浅析生态塘系统在污水处理中的应用

根据目前污水处理的迫切性和必要性,主要介绍了生态塘处理系统的原理,工程实践中常见的典型工艺流程,工艺特点及优点,并结合山东东营市的污水生态处理工程运行实践,分析了其运行效果、可靠性及经济性。     

电化学技术在环保领域的应用

详细介绍了电化学技术的各种类型，并综述了电化学技术在环保领域的研究、应用及发展状况。     

Influence of calcium chloride on the thermal behavior of heavy and alkali metals in sewage sludge incineration

In order to separate and reuse heavy and alkali metals from flue gas during sewage sludge incineration, experiments were carried out in a pilot incinerator. The experimental results show that most of the heavy and alkali metals form condensed phase at temperature above 600 degrees C. With the addition of 5% calcium chloride into sewage sludge, the gas/solid transformation temperature of part of the metals (As, Cu, Mg and Na) is evidently decreased due to the formation of chloride, while calcium chloride seems to have no significant influence on Zn and P. Moreover, the mass fractions of some heavy and alkali metals in the collected fly ash are relatively high. For example, the mass fractions for Pb and Cu in the fly ash collected by the filter are 1.19% and 19.7%, respectively, which are well above those in lead and copper ores. In the case of adding 5% calcium chloride, the heavy and alkali metals can be divided into three groups based on their conversion temperature: Group A that includes Na, Zn, K, Mg and P, which are converted into condensed phase above 600 degrees C; Group B that includes Pb and Cu which solidify when the temperature is above 400 degrees C; and Group C that includes As, whose condensation temperature is as low as 300 degrees C.     

北镇生态市建设的优势与制约因素分析

北镇生态市建设具有基础条件好、生态环境良好和旅游资源丰富等优势;同时也存在一些制约因素,如经济发展水平较低,城市基础设施不完善,农村面源污染较重,以及资金短缺等。通过分析北镇生态市建设的优势和制约因素,以期为其生态市创建工作提供参考。     

屈原故里文化旅游资源开发研究

三峡工程竣工后库区面临着移民安稳致富与生态文明建设的双重压力,文化旅游业是化解这一难题的优势产业.在分析屈原故里文化旅游资源开发的重要意义、有利因素及现存问题的基础上,针对性地提出了文化旅游资源的开发策略,将秭归县整体建设成为屈原故里文化旅游区,把文化旅游业培育成为国民经济的生态富民型支柱产业.