多孔矿物载体厌氧固定床处理有机废水研究

通过天然浮石和塑料多孔空心球而制成复合式多孔矿物载体应用于厌氧固定床反应器中,研究反应器挂膜性能,以及处理生活污水、啤酒废水效果,应用扫描电镜观察生物膜微生物相的形态结构.结果表明,反应器挂膜69 d后COD去除率稳定在70%以上,初次启动成功;处理生活污水中平均COD去除率为61.72%;处理啤酒废水中COD去除率高...     

诺氟沙星水溶液的湿式氧化分解及其产物的生成途径

以诺氟沙星(NOR)水溶液作为抗生素废水的代表,在湿式氧化的环境中考察其分解规律与产物生成途径,为含抗生素废水的湿式氧化处理提供方法基础.在温度为473～513 K,压力为3 MPa,NOR初始浓度约为500 mg/L,H2O2投加量为0和32 200 mg左右以及停留时间为10～60 s的条件下进行湿式氧化实验,以诺...     

乌梁素海表层沉积物重金属与营养元素含量的统计分析

对乌梁素海表层沉积物营养盐与重金属的分布情况进行研究,应用SPSS统计分析软件对乌梁素海表层沉积物重金属与营养元素进行相关分析和因子分析,并对重金属元素进行聚类分析。营养元素与重金属间的相关分析表明：重金属元素Cu、Cr、Pb和Cd相互间具有极显著的正相关性;有机质与As和Hg呈极显著的正相关;总氮与Hg呈极显著相关,与As呈显著相关,而与Pb呈极显著负相关,与Cd呈显著负相关;总磷与As呈显著负相关。重金属元素间的R-型聚类分析结果将本论文研究的9种金属元素分为3类。采用主成分分析法对乌梁素海表层沉积物重金属与营养元素进行因子分析,得到4个因子,并进一步分析讨论了各主成分的科学内涵。     

缩聚-Fenton-A/O生物流化床组合工艺处理酚醛废水的工程案例分析

以广州某公司生产酚醛树脂时产生的酚醛废水为研究对象,针对其高浓度、生物毒性强、可生化性差及难降解等特点,设计缩聚-Fenton-A/O生物流化床联合工艺进行处理。此工艺的工程实践中,在总HRT低于75 h的操作条件下,当进水COD、苯酚及甲醛浓度分别为1.0×105～1.2×105 mg/L、2.2×104～2.5×1...     

Conditioning of sewage sludge by Fenton's reagent combined with skeleton builders

Physical conditioners, often known as skeleton builders, are commonly used to improve the dewaterability of sewage sludge. This study evaluated a novel joint usage of Fenton’s reagent and skeleton builders, referred to as the F-S inorganic composite conditioner, focusing on their efficacies and the optimization of the major operational parameters. The results demonstrate that the F-S composite conditioner for conditioning sewage sludge is a viable alternative to conventional organic polymers, especially when ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and lime are used as the skeleton builders. Experimental investigations confirmed that Fenton reaction required sufficient time (80 min in this study) to degrade organics in the sludge. The optimal condition of this process was at pH = 5, Fe²⁺ = 40 mg g⁻¹ (dry solids), H₂O₂ = 32 mg g⁻¹, OPC = 300 mg g⁻¹ and lime = 400 mg g⁻¹, in which the specific resistance to filtration reduction efficiency of 95% was achieved.     

制革废水中好氧反硝化菌的筛选及其特性

从制革废水中分离得到1株好氧反硝化菌ZY1,并对ZY1的反硝化能力进行了研究。通过16S rDNA序列分析,确定ZY1为地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)。在初始NO2--N质量浓度为80 mg/L、DO为5.7 mg/L、废水温度为30℃、废水pH为8.0、废水中Cr3+质量浓度为110 mg/L、反应时间为24 h的条件下,ZY1菌对NO2--N的降解率大于98%。     

Antioxidant and metabolism responses to polyphenol stress in cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa

Three common polyphenol compounds Gallic Acid (GA), Pyrogallic Acid (PA) and Catechol (CA) are known to have allelochemical-exhibiting inhibitory effects on the growth of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa). Metabolism and antioxidant responses in M. aeruginosa were investigated to elucidate the mechanism by which the three polyphenols inhibit algal growth. The inhibition effects of polyphenols were in the order of CA > PA > GA. The GA and CA exposures increased protein contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity and soluble sugar, especially for exposure to GA of 25 mg L^?1. Soluble sugar content increased significantly especially when exposed to CA for 72 h. When exposed to PA, protein content, and SOD and CAT activities initially increased but over longer treatment time the activities decreased, in contrast to sugar content. Our results suggest that PA exposure for longer periods of time may inhibit catabolism action, while CA exposure could induce more oxide stress than GA or PA. The overall study showed that polyphenol-induced oxidative damage might be responsible for polyphenol inhibition on M. aeruginosa growth. The increases in cellular antioxidant enzymes and soluble sugar may have been to counteract the oxidative stress.     

高浊度钼矿浮选废水的混凝沉淀

针对某钼矿选矿厂浮选废水,以PAC、PFS和FeCl3为凝聚剂,以APAM-A和APAM-N为絮凝剂,以H2SO4和NaOH为pH调整剂,研究了不同混凝剂、不同pH值和不同水力条件下废水处理后的浊度和COD.实验结果表明,在最佳水力条件下,原水pH不调整,以APAM-A为絮凝剂,以PAC为凝聚剂,其用量分别为15 g/t,750g/t时,处理后上清液浊度为25 NTU,COD小于30 mg/L.浮选废水经处理后回用于选矿浮选流程,大大改善了选矿指标.     

污泥膜覆盖好氧发酵通风调节方法

建立了污泥膜覆盖好氧发酵通风实验装置。结合污泥不同发酵阶段通风量的需求,分别通过风机入口节流调节和变频调节实现实验堆体系统通风量的改变,测取了相应的堆体风压和风机功率;结果表明,2种调节方式均适用于膜覆盖好氧发酵工艺,但变频调节在调节性能上优于节流调节。而且,变频调节的风机能耗远小于节流调节,在小风量通风时相差可达5～6倍。由于功能膜的作用,变频调节的通风量近似为频率的二次函数而非理论上的线性关系。