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为探索岩溶山区农村不同用地类型土壤肥力及微生物活性状况,对青木关地区五种土地利用类型的土壤肥力、微生物数量及其相关性进行了分析.结果表明:(1)岩溶山区土壤微生物数量的变化受人为影响较大,在总体数量上均以细菌为主,且与一般土壤微生物数量分布情况相吻合;(2)不同用地类型土壤中微生物总量与土壤微生物多样性指数二者的变化趋势不一致,但玉米地例外;(3)通过Pearson相关性分析得出,土壤中有机质、全钾、有效钾和有效磷的含量与土壤微生物之间的相互关系显著。 相似文献
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Assessing the impact of fungicide enostroburin application on bacterial
community in wheat phyllosphere 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Likun Gu Zhihui Bai Bo Jin Qing Hu Huili Wang Guoqiang Zhuang Hongxun Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(1):134-141
Fungicides have been used extensively for controlling fungal pathogens of plants. However, little is known regarding the effects that fungicides upon the indigenous bacterial communities within the plant phyllosphere. The aims of this study were to assess the impact of fungicide enostroburin upon bacterial communities in wheat phyllosphere. Culture-independent methodologies of 16S rDNA clone library and 16S rDNA directed polymerase chain reaction with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) were used for monitoring the change of bacterial community. The 16S rDNA clone library and PCR-DGGE analysis both confirmed the microbial community of wheat plant phyllosphere were predominantly of the γ-Proteobacteria phyla. Results from PCR-DGGE analysis indicated a significant change in bacterial community structure within the phyllosphere following fungicide enostroburin application. Bands sequenced within control cultures were predominantly of Pseudomonas genus, but those bands sequenced in the treated samples were predominantly strains of Pantoea genus and Pseudomonas genus. Of interest was the appearance of two DGGE bands following fungicide treatment, one of which had sequence similarities (98%) to Pantoea sp. which might be a competitor of plant pathogens. This study revealed the wheat phyllosphere bacterial community composition and a shift in the bacterial community following fungicide enostroburin application. 相似文献
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Two bacterial stains were isolated from the activated sludge and identified as Leucobacter sp.and Alcaligenes faecalis by 16S rDNA sequencing.Pure cultures of these two strains,representing well or poorly settled bacteria,were used to investigate the mechanism of bioflocculation in activated sludge.Based on the analyses of the characteristics of cells hydrophobicity,ζ-potential,flocculation ability and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) composition under different growth stages,it was found that the ratio of cell EPS protein had the highly influence on ζ-potential and hydrophobicity,which were important factors to bioflocculation.Cellulase and Proteinase K could destroy the extracellular biopolymer and resulted in a decrease in the hydrophobicity and ζ-potential.However,in our study,the flocculation characteristics exhibited differently in relation to cellulase and Proteinase K.Flocculation of cells treated with cellulase and Proteinase K decreased sharply,and then recovered quickly in cellulase treatment,while cells treated with Proteinase K showed no sign of recovery.This reveals that the presence of protein in extracellular biopolymer plays an important role to the bioflocculation of cells. 相似文献
769.
麦糟是啤酒工业的副产物,富含有机物,具有去除废水中重金属离子的能力.为了更有效地去除废水中的Pb2 ,本实验对麦糟进行了改性研究,实验过程中选择HCl、H2SO4、H3PO4、NaCl、NaOH作为改性剂.结果表明,用1mol·L-1NaCl溶液改性13h的麦糟对Pb2 有最好的吸附能力.通过扫描电镜、X射线能谱、红外光谱分析,研究了麦糟改性机理,发现经NaCl溶液改性后的麦糟新增N-Cl基团和C-Cl基团,容易和Pb2 配位结合,从而提高了吸附能力.改性麦糟吸附Pb2 的过程中,N-Cl、C-Cl、C-O(H)以及O-H起了重要作用. 相似文献
770.
研究了以城市垃圾中3种典型的固体有机废弃物——锯木屑、纸张和塑料的热解产物(分别简称木炭、纸炭和塑料热解物)为原料,水蒸气为活化剂制备废弃物基活性炭时钙化物含量对活化过程、活性炭吸附性能(以碘值表征)及其孔结构的影响。结果表明,钙化物可加快活化反应的速度,且钙化物含量在1.5%时活化反应速度即已不再随钙化物含量的增加而增加;活性炭的吸附性能则随钙化物含量的增加而减少,同时钙化物对活性炭的孔径分布基本无影响,但降低了活性炭的比表面积、微孔孔容及中孔孔容;钙化物的2种前驱体(即CaO和Ca(OH)2)对活化过程具有相同的催化作用。 相似文献