运城市乡村企业发展中的若干环境问题及控制对策

快速、蓬勃发展的乡村企业对繁荣乡村经济,改变乡村产业结构,促进与增加农村居民收入及提高农村居民生活质量发挥着十分重要的作用.但是,由于缺乏正确的引导和规划,许多已经发展起来的乡村企业在创造社会财富,促进农村经济发展的同时,对当地自然生态环境带来了很大的压力并且严重影响和制约着当地居民的生活质量与乡村企业及乡村经济的进一步发展与壮大.本文通过运城市乡村企业的污染调查,论述了运城市发展乡村企业所带来的环境污染与危害,分析了乡村企业污染产生的主要原因与症结,提出了加强和改进乡村企业环境污染控制的对策与措施,喻示了乡村企业与自然生态环境相协调共发展之必然.     

在COD_(Cr)测定中消除亚硝酸根干扰的研究

研究了在CODCr测定中 ,掩蔽剂氨磺酸和氨磺酸铵消除亚硝酸根干扰的方法。探讨了这 2种掩蔽剂对亚硝酸根的掩蔽性能 ,并建立了亚硝酸根与掩蔽剂加入量的关系。结果表明 ,掩蔽剂对亚硝酸根的掩蔽效果很好。将该方法应用于实际水样分析 ,结果令人满意     

从味精生产废液中回收核糖核酸的研究

本文介绍了采用不同方法处理味精生产废液的菌体,分离RNA。研究结果表明:用8％的食盐溶液,在90℃下搅拌提取3h,然后等电点沉淀分离RNA,收得率较佳。     

非定向河网水质模式及计算方法

在研究京津地区排污河网有机污染物的分布时,建立了非定向河网水质模式,并在计算中引入了相关矩阵和递归函数的概念,使模式的计算过程简化,解决了由于河水流向不定带来的问题。     

连云港地区地震灾害背景分析

本文从震灾史料中发掘出连云港地区震灾的严重性，进而论述了连云港地区成灾背景，并对该地区震害分布及特点进行分析，可为有关部门制定防震减灾对策提供参考.     

离子色谱法测定酸沉降样品中的阳离子

用新型的阳离子分离柱和抑制柱分析雨水中的阳离子（Ｎａ＾＋、ＮＨ４＾＋、Ｋ＾＋、Ｍｇ＾２＋、Ｃａ＾２＋）对这种方法的准确性和可行性进行了论证。     

城市污水污泥农用资源化研究

污水污泥是城市污水处理的副产品，如若处理不当，将会造成二次污染，本文针对污水污泥农用的现状，分析农作资源化志水污泥的出路及在应用中出现的问题。     

广东区域酸雨污染模拟研究

运用数值模拟方法，使用一年365日的风速资料、12个月的降水资料和环境监测资料以及年平均的污染源资料，对广东地区的酸雨污染进行了较细致的分析。结果认为，以日为基础的累积计算，对于提高模拟酸雨污染的能力是很有帮助的。广东省的酸雨污染主要是由自身排放的污染物造成，外来的污染是次要的，在广东边界地区发现受到外省污染的显著痕迹。     

Dynamics of microcystins-LR and -RR in the phytoplanktivorous silver carp in a sub-chronic toxicity experiment

A sub-chronic toxicity experiment was conducted to examine tissue distribution and depuration of two microcystins (microcystin-LR and microcystin -RR) in the phytoplanktivorous filter-feeding silver carp during a course of 80 days. Two large tanks (A, B) were used, and in Tank A, the fish were fed naturally with fresh Microcystis viridis cells (collected from a eutrophic pond) throughout the experiment, while in Tank B, the food of the fish were M. viridis cells for the first 40 days and then changed to artificial carp feed. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure MC-LR and MC-RR in the M. viridis cells, the seston, and the intestine, blood, liver and muscle tissue of silver carp at an interval of 20 days. MC-RR and MC-LR in the collected Microcystis cells varied between 268-580 and 110-292 microg g(-1) DW, respectively. In Tank A, MC-RR and MC-LR varied between 41.5-99.5 and 6.9-15.8 microg g(-1) DW in the seston, respectively. The maximum MC-RR in the blood, liver and muscle of the fish was 49.7, 17.8 and 1.77 microg g(-1) DW, respectively. No MC-LR was detectable in the muscle and blood samples of the silver carp in spite of the abundant presence of this toxin in the intestines (for the liver, there was only one case when a relatively minor quantity was detected). These findings contrast with previous experimental results on rainbow trout. Perhaps silver carp has a mechanism to degrade MC-LR actively and to inhibit MC-LR transportation across the intestines. The depuration of MC-RR concentrations occurred slowly than uptakes in blood, liver and muscle, and the depuration rate was in the order of blood>liver>muscle. The grazing ability of silver carp on toxic cyanobacteria suggests an applicability of using phytoplanktivorous fish to counteract cyanotoxin contamination in eutrophic waters.