卧龙河气田增压南站噪声治理

根据卧龙河气田增压南站周边环境状况、增压机噪声强度及频谱分析特性,结合吸音、隔音、扩容、变频、减震、阻尼等降噪原理和治理技术,提出了卧龙河增压南站噪声最优化的治理方案,即七台机组噪声综合治理方案。该方案可满足厂界噪声达到GB12348-90规定的三类标准要求,一次性投资费用为303万元,且便于压缩机日常维护及保养,并可进行机组就地大修。     

抚顺西露天煤矿地质灾害预测

分析研究了抚顺地区的矿震活动，对抚顺西露天矿的地质构造特征和滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害状况以及产生这些灾害的原因进行了详细的研究。结合地质构造情况，提出了抚顺西露天矿可能发生的灾害的类型及规模，并对矿山开采停止后水系所受的影响进行了研究。     

Safety evaluation: Important safeguard of work safety for enterprises in China

This paper mainly reviews on safety evaluation in China in recent years, explains the role of safety evaluation playing in work safety and introduces the progress of safety evaluation made in industries. Also it introduces some important provisions on Safety Evaluation Agencies (SEA), and the evaluation specifications and standards, on which the safety evaluation is carried out, issued by China government. Furthermore, it analyzes the incompletes in safety evaluation and discusses their possible influence on SEA, local administration of work safety and the public's reorganization, and indicates the key points to be developed in China future safety evaluation.     

灾害信息传播的研究对象、方法和意义

灾害信息传播的研究对象是灾害信息传递的各要素及其运行规律,这其中既包括静态的传播者、受众和信息,还包括动态的灾害信息生产、传递、反馈等环节。灾害信息传播的研究方法主要包括:定性定量相结合的研究方法、田野调查法和文化分析方法。本研究对于扩展和细化传播学研究范围、实现传播学和灾害学之间的交叉融合具有重要意义;本研究通过探索灾害信息传播的规律,可以为灾害救助提供帮助;本研究有助于提升全社会民众灾害频发背景下的媒介素养。     

火炬系统的优化操作

介绍了青岛炼化公司火炬系统概况,公司从降低火炬气排放量、提高火炬排放安全性、保证足够的火炬气回收能力等方面开展了工作,并对存在问题提出改进建议。     

蕉藕淀粉废水絮凝试验

试验采用化学混凝法对蕉藕淀粉加工产生的废水进行处理,研究了硫酸铝,氯化铁,聚合硫酸铁(PSF),聚合氯化铝(PAC),聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)等不同混凝剂种类和投加量对COD、SS和TP去除效果的影响。试验结果表明,聚合氯化铝处理效果最佳,在废水COD、SS和TP的浓度分别为8340mg/L、7060mg/L和320mg/L时聚合氯化铝以500mg/L的用量得到COD、SS和TP的去除率分别为97.1%、98.0%和70%,出水的COD为241mg/L,SS为142mg/L,TP为112mg/L。     

铊,铊中毒及铊在生态系中迁移径迹

铊属于分散元素,独立矿物稀少,极难形成独立铊矿床。铊世界年产量约15吨,几乎都是从有色金属选冶产品中作为副产品顺便回收。我国铊资源比较丰富,按相同等级资源相比,我国铊储量居世界首位。铊的地球化学性质受其电子构型和地质地球化学作用制约,铊原子处于基态时的电子构型为6S26P1。铊有两个地球化学价态,正一价和正三价,在自然界多数呈正一价。铊具有低温成矿,亲硫和高温分散,亲石的双重地球化学性质。铊是有用元素,也是有毒元素。铊被广泛用于超导、电子、合金、光学、化工、玻璃和医药等工业。铊的毒性对哺乳动物比汞、隔、铅、铜、锌还强。铊对生物有毒害,高含量的铊对人体可导致不同程度的铊病,甚至死亡。由于铊矿床的开发利用,使采挖出的含铊岩矿石和冶炼矿渣堆积地表,在长期风化淋滤作用下,使释放的铊进入地表水体、土壤、植物、动物和人体生态链,故引起铊环境污染和铊中毒。     

Bio-reduction of nitrate from groundwater using a hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor

A hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor(MBfR) using H2 as electron donor was investigated to remove nitrate from groundwater.When nitrate was first introduced to the MBfR,denitrification took place on the shell side of the membranes immediately,and the effluent concentration of nitrate continuously decreased with 100% removal rate on day 45 under the influent nitrate concentration of 5 mg NO3--N/L,which described the acclimating and enriching process of autohydrogenotrophic denitrification bacteria.A series of short-term experiments were applied to investigate the effects of hydrogen pressures and nitrate loadings on denitrification.The results showed that nitrate reduction rate improved as H2 pressure increasing,and over 97% of total nitrogen removal rate was achieved when the nitrate loading increased from 0.17 to 0.34 g NO3--N/(m2 ·day) without nitrite accumulation.The maximum denitrification rate was 384 g N/(m3 ·day).Partial sulfate reduction,which occurred in parallel to nitrate reduction,was inhibited by denitrififcation due to the competition for H2 .This research showed that MBfR is effective for removing nitrate from the contaminated groundwater.     

Electrochemical degradation of p-nitrophenol with different processes

The electrochemical degradation of p-nitrophenol (PNP) under di erent conditions was investigated. The electrochemical behavior of PNP and its reduction product p-aminophenol (PAP) on stainless steel cathode and Ti/Pt anode through cyclic voltammetry were observed. Electrochemical degradation process was performed in an undivided cell and 92% PNP was removed corresponding to a 22% total organic carbon removal. A divided cell was also used and it was found that PNP degradation was mainly attributed to cathodic reduction, while anodic oxidation was responsible for PNP removal due to the reaction with hydroxyl radicals and surface oxide generated on the anode. The sequential electrolytic processes, reduction-oxidation and oxidation-reduction, were compared in the divided cell. In the case of reduction-oxidation process, the total organic carbon removal reached 40%, but PNP removal was the same with the undivided cell. A black deposit was found in the e uent and identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a polymer of PAP produced by the 1,4-addition reaction of quinoneimine. Intermediates left in the solution such as hydroquinone, p-benzoquinone and PAP were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Whereas, the oxidation-reduction process proved unsatisfying.     

Fe3+、Ce3+掺杂TiO2光催化降解气相二苯并呋喃

以气相二苯并呋喃为研究对象,考察了在TiO2、Ce3+/TiO2和Fe3+/TiO2 3种不同光催化剂作用下,反应物初始浓度、湿度、气体循环速率和光强等因素对间歇式光催化反应速率的影响,并建立了估算和测定二苯并呋喃光催化反应常数和Langmuir吸附常数的数学模型和方法.结果表明,Fe3+和Ce3+掺杂修饰TiO2光催化剂后,提高了对二苯并呋喃的光催化降解活性,其中Fe3+/TiO2光催化活性最高;随着二苯并呋喃初始浓度的增大,其光催化降解速率也随之增大;适量的水蒸气存在可以促进二苯并呋喃的降解,但当水蒸气过量后,反而阻碍二苯并呋喃光催化降解;随着气体循环速率加快和光强的增大,二苯并呋喃光催化降解初始速率也随之增大;TiO2、Ce3+/TiO2和Fe3+/TiO2光催化降解二苯并呋喃反应速率常数k分别为34.54×10-5、36.23×10-5和37.95×10-4mg.(min.m2)-1.