Antimony speciation in the environment: Recent advances in understanding the biogeochemical processes and ecological effects

Antimony(Sb) is a toxic metalloid, and its pollution has become a global environmental problem as a result of its extensive use and corresponding Sb-mining activities. The toxicity and mobility of Sb strongly depend on its chemical speciation. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the biogeochemical processes(including emission, distribution,speciation, redox, metabolism and toxicity) that trigger the mobilization and transformation of Sb from pollution sources to the surrounding environment. Natural phenomena such as weathering, biological activity and volcanic activity, together with anthropogenic inputs, are responsible for the emission of Sb into the environment. Sb emitted in the environment can adsorb and undergo redox reactions on organic or inorganic environmental media, thus changing its existing form and exerting toxic effects on the ecosystem. This review is based on a careful and systematic collection of the latest papers during 2010–2017 and our research results, and it illustrates the fate and ecological effects of Sb in the environment.     

Life-cycle assessment of flash pyrolysis of wood waste

This work analyzes a process known as flash pyrolysis, which produces bio fuels using biomass for power generation. A life-cycle assessment of flash pyrolysis of wood waste was conducted to study whether a flash pyrolysis plant set up locally would be environmentally friendly. The results obtained show that the process of flash pyrolysis of wood waste is in fact environmentally friendly, and the process has little contribution to the environment. However, efforts still have to be made to address the global warming potential issue. Continuous research and developments must be carried out to further reduce the global warming potential of the flash pyrolysis.     

CESSNA172R飞机飞行操纵钢索故障原因分析

CESSNA172R飞机飞行操纵(副翼、升降舵、方向舵、襟翼)系统钢索多次发生磨损、断裂故障,严重威胁了飞行安全。根据该机型结构设计特点,通过相似机型系统类比、数据可靠性分析等方法分析了各飞行操纵系统钢索失效的主要原因,提出了预防飞行操纵钢索失效的措施。通过调整飞机的操纵钢索系统的维护周期,改进钢索的检查和维护技术,提高飞机在全寿命周期中的安全可靠性。     

鹅公带古滑坡体防治方案分析

水库库岸滑坡是水库工程建设中普遍存在的问题,尤其是河道型水库,库区狭长,滑坡点多面广,库岸滑坡现象严重。阐述了库岸滑坡的防治原则、思路和方法,并针对鹅公带古滑坡体进行了防治方案的分析比选。     

Diversification and Sustainable Development in Chinese Agriculture

Feeding a growing population exceeding 1 billion is a big challenge to the Chinese government and has partly led to the self-sufficient policy in grain production and supply for decades. However, the efforts to push grain production everywhere have resulted in not only deterioration of the environment but also stagnation or even reduction in farmers' income as production costs continue to increase. This situation might be worsening after China's accession to the WTO that provides market access for bulk commodity imports. A sustainable development in Chinese agriculture depends on diversification, or structural adjustment, that allows Chinese farmers to fully utilize their comparative advantage in production of labor-intensive goods. Past experience has shown that diversification has contributed more than a half of the growth in Chinese agriculture during the reform period and reduced stresses on the environment at the same time. It is likely to contribute even more to Chinese agriculture in the future an     

碳同位素在油气地质研究中的应用和进展

稳定同位素地球化学是发展较快的学科之一，七十年代起被广泛应用于油气地球化学研究中。本文综述了碳稳定同位素在油气地质研究中的应用和进展，这些应用主要包括确定源油的形成环境与形成时代；进行油／油、油／源对比；判别天然气的成因类型并进行对比；判断天然气的成熟度。     

室内空气污染及防治对策

从室内空气污染的来源入手，分析了目前我国室内空气质量控制存在的主要问题，针对我国国情，从社会、经济、技术角度提出目前我国室内空气污染防治应首先着手解决实际问题和今后将要实施的行政管理策略及技术防治策略。     

FHD-1型质子磁力仪的改进与完善

根据FHD 1型质子磁力仪在实际使用过程中存在的一些问题 ,以及一些用户提出的建议和要求 ,对FHD 1型质子磁力仪的实时时钟、标定方法、通用性与适应性、抗干扰能力方面进行了改进和完善 ,本文对此作介绍。     

Reactions to psychological contract breach: a dual perspective

This study examined reactions to psychological contract breach from two separate perspectives, that is, employee's reactions to perceptions of employer breach and supervisor's reactions to perceptions of employee breach of the psychological contract. In addition to the main effects, we also hypothesized that the benevolence (or kindness) of the supervisor and the traditional values (or respect for authority) of the employee would attenuate the negative effects of psychological contract breach. We tested these hypotheses with a sample of 273 supervisor‐subordinate dyads from the People's Republic of China. The results showed that employer breach correlated negatively with employee outcomes of organizational commitment (OC), organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and work performance, but this negative relationship was weaker for employees with traditional values. The results also demonstrated that employee breach correlated negatively with responses from the supervisor, in terms of the mentoring provided to the employee and the leader‐member exchange (LMX) quality. However, more benevolent supervisors reacted less negatively in terms of the mentoring than did the less benevolent supervisors. Implications for future research are offered. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.