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931.
932.
Lin Zhu Ya Wang Taotao He Liangjun You Xiangqian Shen 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2016,24(2):148-158
Removal of toxic pollutants from water and wastewater is becoming an important process with the increase of industrial activities. The present study focused on assessing the suitability and efficiency of water bamboo leaves (WBL) for the removal of cationic dye from aqueous solutions. The effect of different variables in the batch method including solution pH (2–12), initial dye concentration (50–250 mg L?1), adsorbent dose (0.05–0.30 g), contact time (5–180 min) and temperature (283–333 K) on the dye removal was investigated. The adsorption kinetics was discussed in view of four kinetics models. The results showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetics model described dye adsorption on WBL very well. The experimental equilibrium data were also tested by four isotherm models. It was found that adsorption of dye on WBL fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model, implying the binding energy on the whole surface of the adsorbent was uniform and the dye molecules onto the surface of the adsorbent were monolayer coverage. Calculation of various thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption process indicated feasibility and exothermic nature of dye adsorption. 相似文献
933.
Chemical characteristics of fine particles and their impact on visibility impairment in Shanghai based on a 1-year period observation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Min Zhou Liping Qiao Shuhui Zhu Li Li Shengrong Lou Hongli Wang Qian Wang Shikang Tao Cheng Huang Changhong Chen 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(10):151-160
In this work, a one-year observation focusing on high time resolution characteristics of components in fine particles was conducted at an urban site in Shanghai. Contributions of different components on visibility impairment were also studied. Our research indicates that the major components of PM2.5 in Shanghai are water-soluble inorganic ions and carbonaceous aerosol, accounting for about 60% and 30% respectively. Higher concentrations of sulfate (SO42−) and organic carbon (OC) in PM2.5 occurred in fall and summer, while higher concentrations of nitrate (NO3−) were observed in winter and spring. The mass concentrations of Cl− and K+ were higher in winter. Moreover, NO3− increased significantly during PM2.5 pollution episodes. The high values observed for the sulfate oxidizing rate (SOR), nitrate oxidizing rate (NOR) and secondary organic carbon (SOC) in OC indicate that photochemical reactions were quite active in Shanghai. The IMPROVE (Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments) formula was used in this study to investigate the contributions of individual PM2.5 chemical components to the light extinction efficient in Shanghai. Both NH4NO3 and (NH4)2SO4 had close relationships with visibility impairment in Shanghai. Our results show that the reduction of anthropogenic SO2, NOx and NH3 would have a significant effect on the improvement of air quality and visibility in Shanghai. 相似文献
934.
935.
936.
Mao Xinyou Wang Lan Gu Shiqing Duan Yanyan Zhu Yunqing Wang Chuanyi Lichtfouse Eric 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2018,16(2):653-658
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Water pollution caused by heavy metals has dramatically impacted ecosystems in recent years. For instance, 45.4% of lakes in China are in the category of moderate... 相似文献
937.
Joint effects of Penta-BDE and heavy metals on Daphnia magna survival, its antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Baohua Tang Lingyan Zhu Qixing Zhou 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2011,5(1):99-110
The joint toxicity of Penta-BDE (Pe-BDE) and heavy metals including cadmium and copper on Daphnia magna (D. magna) was evaluated on the basis of determining the 48 h survival, antioxidative enzyme responses, and lipid peroxidation. The response was classified as additive, greater than additive, or less than additive by comparing the measured ??toxic units, TU?? with one. Based on the survival of D. magna, less-than-additive interactions were found in most of mixtures treatments. This may be attributed to the different toxicity mechanism between Pe-BDE and metals. Cu and Cd played a greater role in toxicity than what Pe-BDE did. As for the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, most response was less than additive. For the glutathione S-transferases (GST) activity, most of the greater-thanadditive responses were found in the Cu plus Pe-BDE treatments, but the additive responses occurred in Cd plus Pe-BDE treatments and binary metal treatments. For lipid peroxide levels, which were measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, less-than-additive response occurred in the 50% Cd plus 50% Cu and ternary mixture treatments. Results suggested that Pe-BDE, Cd, and Cu could induce different patterns of antioxidant enzyme responses, such as antioxidant/prooxidant responses, depending on their capability to produce reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes to detoxify them. 相似文献
938.
荒漠化是当今全球最严重的环境问题之一。结合中国国情来看,荒漠化不仅发生于干旱、半干旱地区;也发生于湿润、半湿润地区。中国已存在的荒漠化土地面积111.7万km ̄2,占国土面积的11.6%;其中风力作用、水蚀作用和物理及化学作用下的荒漠化土地约各占1/3。另外中国还有易受风力和水力作用影响的潜在荒漠化土地53.5万km ̄2和87.5万km ̄2,潜在盐渍化土地17.3万km ̄2。中国土地荒漠化是在脆弱生态条件下,人口过快增长,人为不合理的经营活动如水资源利用不当、过度开垦、过度放牧、过度樵采,以及工矿建设造成的土地与植被破坏、环境污染等所致,对它的防治实质上就是对退化环境的整治。中国荒漠化土地经过近几十年来的治理,个别地区有所好转,但总体上仍在发展中,因而它是环境保护与持续发展中的重要问题,必须引起重视。在总结中国防治荒漠化经验的基础上,提出了防治荒漠化的基本对策。 相似文献
939.
940.
研究结果表明,甲基异柳磷(MeISP)在1.5mmol/L终浓度时对肝细胞有明显毒性,表现为膜通透性增高,细胞内丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、β-葡糖苷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶(AcP)漏出率增高,且ALT和LDH漏出率同MeISP间呈良好的剂量-效应关系;迅速耗损细胞内GSH;同MeISP共同温育30min的肝细胞膜发生明显的囊泡化;几乎完全抑制肝细胞蛋白质合成和糖异生功能.在15μmol/L终浓度下,在肝细胞内代谢迅速,符合代谢动力学一室模型(one—compartment model). 相似文献