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791.
催化湿式氧化处理H—酸溶液的反应动力学 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
两阶段一级反应动力学模型和广义动力学模型被用来描述湿式氧化(WAO)及催化湿式氧化(CWAO)反应过程,并确定了动力学参数。2个模型的计算值均与实验值相符,而广义动力学模型相对现准确些。2个确定均表明反尖分2个步骤:首先是H-酸被迅速氧化成小分子有机酸,后者再缓慢氧化,这2个步骤由模型参数加以表征,因而模型可被用来对CWAO催化剂进行评价。 相似文献
792.
Jinfei Feng Yinxi Wang Jian Zhao Liqun Zhu Xinmin Bian Weijian Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(7):1158-1164
Air and soil pollution from traffic has been considered as a critical issue to crop production and food safety, however, few efforts have
been paid on distinguish the source origin of traffic-related contaminants in rice plant along highway. Therefore, we investigated metals
(Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn and Cu) concentrations and stable Pb isotope ratios in rice plants exposed and unexposed to highway traffic pollution
in Eastern China in 2008. Significant differences in metals concentrations between the exposed and unexposed plants existed in leaf for
Pb, Cd and Zn, in stem only for Zn, and in grain for Pb and Cd. About 46% of Pb and 41% of Cd in the grain were attributed to the
foliar uptake from atmosphere, and there were no obvious contribution of atmosphere to the accumulations of Cr, Zn and Cu in grain.
Except for Zn, all of the heavy metals in stem were attributed to the root uptake from soil, although significant accumulations of Pb and
Cd from atmosphere existed in leaf. This indicated that different processes existed in the subsequent translocation of foliar-absorbed
heavy metals between rice organs. The distinct separation of stable Pb isotope ratios among rice grain, leaf, stem, soil and vehicle
exhaust further provided evidences on the different pathways of heavy metal accumulation in rice plant. These results suggested that
further more attentions should be paid to the atmospheric deposition of heavy metals from traffic emission when plan crop layout for
food safety along highway. 相似文献
793.
794.
Urban human thermal comfort (UHTC) is affected for interacting of weather condition and underlying surface framework of urban area. Urban underlying surface temperature value and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) were calculated using image interpreting and supervised classification technique by ERDAS IMAGE software using 1991 and 1999 Landsat TM images data. Reference to the relational standard of assessing human thermal comfort and other meteorology data of Hangzhou City in summer, air temperature and relative humidity variation of different land types of underlying surface were inversed. By choosing discomfort index as an indictor, the spatial distribution characteristic and the spatial variation degree of UHTC were estimated and mapped on a middle scale, that is, in six districts of Hangzhou. The main characteristics of UHTC spatial variation from 1991 to 1999 were revealed using a GIS-based calculation model. The variation mechanism were analyzed and discussed from the viewooint of citv olannino, construction and environmental orotection. 相似文献
795.
796.
797.
沂北水稻主产区田间土—水磷素流失潜能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选取嘉善、余姚、德清、余杭4个具有代表性浙北水稻主产区,研究了水田土-水磷素流失潜能及环境意义。4稻区高水平磷肥投入促进了土壤高磷化,土壤Olsen-P积累的同时,相应地提高了土壤生物性有效磷、水浸提磷,并提高了土壤磷素的流失潜能。稻区土壤在富磷化过程中,存在着土壤磷素的农学意义向环境意义方向演变的趋势。在非植稻期,稻区农田水体,包括沟渠水、田表水、排渠水、暗管排水等总磷(TP)平均超过了易诱发水体富营养化临界值,其中溶解磷(DRP)占总磷40%;主要是源于绿肥田表水及部分排渠中的溶解磷对稻区外水体构成了直接危害。在非植稻期,因稻区间农耕措施的差异导致了土壤富磷水平与对应田表水磷素水平不具相关性;在植稻期,施磷措施促进水田土壤富磷,相应地提高了田表水磷素水平。 相似文献
798.
塑料和橡胶类废物的热物理与焚烧特性研究的进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
随着社会和科技的发展,塑料和橡胶废弃量与日俱增,已成为城市垃圾的重要组成,由于这类废弃的聚合物给环境带来了污染问题,怎样合理地处理和利用已经成为一项重要的研究课题,本文对塑料和橡胶类的废物的理化性质,热值,焚烧特性,污染特性进行了论述,并根据它们的热物理及焚烧特性提出了进一步优化废物焚烧炉,完善低污染,低腐蚀,低粘结的废弃物的焚烧工艺的一些设想。 相似文献
799.
随着挥发性有机物排污收费政策的逐步实施,快速准确地监测企业VOCs排放量已成为环保部门和企业共同面对的难题。介绍了开路式傅里叶变换红外光谱技术原理及优势,研究了质量通量模式VOCs排放量计算方法,并以300 m×300 m某装置区域为例,完成了现场红外光谱测量、气象数据采集、数据有效性分析和VOCs排放量计算。研究结果表明,开路红外光谱技术极大提高了VOCs排放数据采集效率和准确性,进一步计算得出该装置区域VOCs年排放量平均值为98.7 t,为企业开展VOCs排放量核算提供了参考。 相似文献
800.
Ting Guo Zhipeng Bai Can Wu Tan Zhu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2008,2(2):224-229
TiO2 supported on active carbon fiber (TiO2/ACF), an absorbable photocatalyst, is a new kind of material applied in air purification. In this paper, the influence of
environmental temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) on the gas-solid adsorption of toluene and the photocatalytic oxidation
(PCO) efficiency of adsorbed toluene on TiO2/ACF were studied, and then, the purification capability of TiO2/ACF was estimated. PCO results showed that although the PCO efficiency increased under high RH and T levels, the amount of
adsorption of toluene decreased. Moreover, quantitative analysis results of intermediates indicated that more environmental
risk emerged when PCO of toluene was carried out at higher environmental T and RH levels because more toxic intermediates
would be accumulated on the TiO2/ACF. So, it is significant to control the environmental T and RH conditions in the application of the PCO technique. T =
25°C and RH530% is the optimal condition for purifying toluene in our experimental system.
__________
Translated from Urban Environment & Urban Ecology, 2007, 20(5): 10–13 [译自: 城市环境与城市生态] 相似文献