产品生命周期评价体系探讨

生命周期评价（ＬＣＡ）是一个相对罗新的概念，理论上生命周期评价具有将环境质量融入决策过程的特点，生命周期评价是对产品和过程相关的环境干扰进行定量分析和评估的方法，本文介绍了ＬＣＡ的要领和内容，探讨了ＬＣＡ的技术框架和实施方案，并着重介绍ＬＣＡ的核心－－影响分析的主人指标，提出了ＬＣＡ有待发展完善的方面。     

Measurement of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in natural water samples by flow injection ozonation chemiluminescence (FI-CL) technique

COD determination based on ozone oxidation of alpha-naphthol combined with UV radiation (UV-O3) has been studied in the present work. Utilizing the phenomenon that luminol can be oxidized by the dissolved ozone to produce luminescence, we have established a new method of utilizing aqueous chemiluminescence to determine COD. The kinetics and mechanism of the ozonation reaction of alpha-naphthol have been investigated in order to gain a better understanding of the general applicability and limitation of the technique. Real world samples were analyzed and the results show that the relative error of COD(FI-CL) measurement for water samples was < 10%. Compared with the results of the conventional potassium permanganate method, the COD values of the FI-CL method are consistently higher (0-20% relative). The higher COD values suggest that the ozone-UV system is a more effective oxidation technique.     

80年代以来全球重大气象灾害评述

８０年代以来世界异常气候和气象灾害频繁发生，有些灾害甚至造成了极其严重的社会和经济后果．本文根据所收集到的观测资料，对８０年代以来全球的重大气象灾害及其影响进行了评述．     

Adsorption of water-soluble dyes onto modified resin

Adsorption behavior of five kinds of water-soluble dyes onto functionalized resin NKY has been dynamically and thermodynamically investigated. The results showed that the adsorption rates of dye K-GN, K-2BP, KN-R, AAB and 2G are all controlled by liquid film diffusion and particle diffusion. Equilibrium adsorption data can be well described by three-parameter equation. The first layer adsorption is the physical enhanced by chemical effect but multilayer adsorption is typically physical adsorption. Standard free energy change DeltaG(0) and standard entropy change DeltaS(0) indicate the adsorption of the dyes onto NKY can occur spontaneously.     

水处理中含铁废料综合利用的研究进展

回顾了２０余年来我国在水处理中综合利用含铁废料的研究进展，分别评述了副产品硫酸亚铁制备絮凝剂ＰＦＳ的各种方法，废铁屑运用于内电解法水处理和其他含铁泥渣，废酸在水处理中的研究和应用现状，指出含铁废料综合利用中有待于进一步研究的若干问题。     

偶氮染料结构与其生物降解性关系研究进展

本文阐述了偶氮染料结构－生物降解性定性关系，生物降解机制，并对偶氮染料结构－生物降解性定量关系的有关参数进行了论述。     

生物絮凝剂除浊脱色作用的初步研究

本文报道了产生ＮＡＴ型生物絮凝剂的菌株的培养方法和筛选结果，着重讨论了此类生物絮凝剂对染料水样和非染料水样进行处理过程中ｐＨ值对处理效果的影响。并利用开发出的生物絮凝剂对实际排污河水进行处理，证明生物絮凝剂对悬浮水体的处理效果较好，可用于去除藻类。     

超声辅助电催化氧化降解苯酚的研究

对电催化氧化和超声辅助电催化氧化降解苯酚过程中的UV扫描吸收光谱研究表明:在苯酚的氧化降解反应过程中,都有对紫外光有吸收的中间体生成;对吸光度峰值随降解反应时间的变化关系进行非线性最小二乘法拟合(NLSF),发现溶液的相对吸光度峰值的衰减均符合表观零级反应动力学规律,其相应的表观反应速率常数(k0)分别为(0.0051±0.0005)min-1和(0.0052±0.0003)min-1;但超声波对电催化降解苯酚的速度和效果并无显著影响.同时GC-MS也检测到苯酚超声辅助电催化氧化降解60 min后,发现除苯酚仍然存在外,还有中间产物苯酚乙酸酯、甲酸、乙酸,从而证实苯酚在羟基自由基作用下,开环氧化降解生成乙酸和甲酸等小分子有机物,最后降解为二氧化碳和水.     

模拟纳污水体底质参数变化

本文介绍了模拟纳污水体中ＷＡＲ，ＷＭＲ，ＷＣＨ，ＳＡＲ，ＳＭＲ，ＳＳＦ和ＲＯＣ的变化。过程曲线表明水体污染时底质参数出现累积现象。     

太湖流域湖泊滩地资源及其开发利用

在调查和分析太湖流域湖泊滩地资源特征和开发利用状况的基础上,着重探讨了滩地围垦对流域生态环境的影响,并提出今后开发利用滩地资源的方向和对策。