美达棉纤维挂载生物膜法处理石化废水中油

本文介绍了利用美达棉纤维持载生物摸法处理石化废水中油的试验结果。当废水在柱内停留时间为６．３ｈ，废水中油的处理效果是令人满意的。在同一含停留时间下入流水的ＣＯＤｃｒ从４２０ｍｇ／Ｌ变到１８３２ｍｇ／Ｌ时，出流水的ＣＯＤｃｒ在１６８．５ｍｇ／Ｌ以下。     

湖南省衡阳市丘岗地开发研究报告

本文分析了衡阳市丘岗地的基本概况,提出了丘岗地开发的指导思想和原则,据此,对衡阳市丘岗地开发利用提出了总体规划报告及其保障措施。     

Assessing the carbon balance of circumpolar Arctic tundra using remote sensing and process modeling.

This paper reviews the current status of using remote sensing and process-based modeling approaches to assess the contemporary and future circumpolar carbon balance of Arctic tundra, including the exchange of both carbon dioxide and methane with the atmosphere. Analyses based on remote sensing approaches that use a 20-year data record of satellite data indicate that tundra is greening in the Arctic, suggesting an increase in photosynthetic activity and net primary production. Modeling studies generally simulate a small net carbon sink for the distribution of Arctic tundra, a result that is within the uncertainty range of field-based estimates of net carbon exchange. Applications of process-based approaches for scenarios of future climate change generally indicate net carbon sequestration in Arctic tundra as enhanced vegetation production exceeds simulated increases in decomposition. However, methane emissions are likely to increase dramatically, in response to rising soil temperatures, over the next century. Key uncertainties in the response of Arctic ecosystems to climate change include uncertainties in future fire regimes and uncertainties relating to changes in the soil environment. These include the response of soil decomposition and respiration to warming and deepening of the soil active layer, uncertainties in precipitation and potential soil drying, and distribution of wetlands. While there are numerous uncertainties in the projections of process-based models, they generally indicate that Arctic tundra will be a small sink for carbon over the next century and that methane emissions will increase considerably, which implies that exchange of greenhouse gases between the atmosphere and Arctic tundra ecosystems is likely to contribute to climate warming.     

新型絮凝剂凝集水中染料的研究

本文介绍了新近开发的ＪＡＺ型絮凝剂对水样中活性艳蓝ＫＮ－Ｒ，直接深棕Ｍ，酸性墨水蓝Ｇ，酸生媒介藏青ＡＧＬＯ，直接耐晒蓝Ｂ２ＲＬ，弱酸性黄ＨＧ等代表性染料的凝集效果及其影响因素。酸性墨水蓝的脱色随ｐＨ值增加而增加，其他染料的最佳脱色区从酸性到中性。在染料起始浓度为１００ｍｇ／Ｌ￣５００ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内，酸性媒介藏青的Ｋ值（色度降至８０时絮凝剂投药量对染料的比值）为２左右，其他染料的ｋ值在１．０以下。直     

32种芳香化合物的好氧生物降解性表征

本文采用芳香化合物生物降解产生的二氧化碳量作为表征其生物降解性的指标，测定了３２囊芳香化合物好氧生物降解１２ｄ产生的二氧化碳量，在此基础上提出了定性划分有机物生物降解性的标准，按照此标准对３２种芳香化合物的生物降解性进行了划分；另外还探索了影响生物降解性的诸因素。     

Carbon dioxide release due to change in land usein China mainland

ＣａｒｂｏｎｄｉｏｘｉｄｅｒｅｌｅａｓｅｄｕｅｔｏｃｈａｎｇｅｉｎｌａｎｄｕｓｅｉｎＣｈｉｎａｍａｉｎｌａｎｄＷａｎｇＸｉａｏｋｅ；ＺｈｕａｎｇＹａｈｕｉ；ＦｅｎｇＺｏｎｇｗｅｉ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳ...     

青海省海东市平安区土壤Se的地球化学特征

通过对平安区表层土壤样品的系统采集,测定了Se及其它元素的含量,研究了区内土壤Se的地球化学特征,探讨土壤Se富集机理。结果表明,表层土壤Se处于0.04～5.79 mg/kg之间,均值为0.29 mg/kg,富Se(Se≥0.4 mg/kg)和足Se(0.175≤Se0.4 mg/kg)土壤面积分别为121.4 km~2和464.1 km~2,总共占平安区总面积的75.1%,主要分布在古-新近纪棕红色泥岩风化物和第四纪冲洪积物为母质的土壤区。富Se土壤存在两个区带,分布位于平安盆地和拉脊山。平安区Se富集机理主要有两种:平安盆地Se与Sr、Mo活动相近,在咸水、干旱、氧化的沉积环境与盐类物质同时发生富集;拉脊山Se与Cu、S、Mo活动相近,与铜硫化物伴生并受表层高有机质吸附所致。     

Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions in China and the abatement measures

The major emission sources of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and CFCs in China have been identified, and the emission trends has been estimated. Besides fossil fuel combustion, human respiration and biomass burning are important sources. Some feasible abatement measures on energy conservation, afforestation and biomass recycling have been discussed.     

辽东湾东部砂岸严重蚀退及其原因分析

辽东湾东部砂岸属冰后期淤长岸。近些年来遭到强烈侵蚀。不仅岬角、平直砂岸在蚀退．连一向稳定的湾内淤长岸也在转侵后退。目前，调查区１００ｋｍ海岸约有２／３的岸段出现严重蚀退现象，不少岸段年蚀退率已超过６ｍ．有的沿海公路多次内迁，引起沙滩粗化、泻湖水量加大、海水倒灌、土地咸化等一系列严重灾害。     

N_2O直接分解催化剂的研究进展

本文详细综述了用于Ｎ２Ｏ直接分解催化剂的研究进展情况。Ｎ２Ｏ分解催化剂大致可以分作以下几类，即：（１）稀土氧化物及相关氧化物；（２）复合金属氧化物；（３）沸石催化剂；（４）水滑石热分解产物催化剂。前两类催化剂注重探讨催化分解Ｎ２Ｏ的机理；而后两类催化剂主要研究催化分解Ｎ２Ｏ的活性。