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381.
M. Masud K. Khan Carlos J. Hilado Sushant Agarwal Rakesh K. Gupta 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2007,15(3):188-194
Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene (ABS), Polycarbonate (PC) and their alloys are widely used in automotive industry, computer
and equipment housings. With increasing disposal of end-of-life electronic equipment, there is also an increased demand for
recycling of these materials so that they do not pose environmental challenge as solid waste. One of the recycling approaches
is mechanical recycling of these thermoplastics where recycled plastic is melt blended with virgin materials to obtain a high
quality product. Besides obtaining desirable mechanical properties, such blends should also conform to fire safety standards.
In this work, a series of blends were prepared using PC and ABS recovered from discarded computers and virgin materials using
a twin-screw extruder. Their flammability properties were evaluated using burner flammability tests and Ohio State University
(OSU) release rate tests. It was found that the extinguishing time, burning extent and weight loss appears to progressively
decrease with the addition of both virgin or recycled PC to virgin or recycled ABS. It was also seen that the addition of
the 70% of PC, virgin or recycled, to ABS virgin or recycled, appears to significantly decrease heat release and smoke evolution.
The results of this study indicate that recycled polycarbonate can be used as an additive for virgin or recycled ABS, as a
means of giving flame resistance to ABS in high-value applications. This result is significant when related to the result
obtained by a separate study indicating that up to 25% of recycled material can be used without degradation of mechanical
properties in the presence of 15% short glass fiber reinforcement. 相似文献
382.
This paper uses a cultural model approach to interpret and analyse the impact of an interactive computer simulation tool (GB-Quest) on the possibility of fostering dialogue about sustainability in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. We define cultural models theory, compare cultural models to mental models and illustrate some basic features of cultural models. We then describe the research process in which participants engaged in conversation, guided and facilitated by GB-Quest, about sustainability. Findings suggest that the use of cultural models frameworks reinforces participants' understanding of sustainability. In reflecting on their prior models of sustainability, we argue that study participants can elucidate how cognitive conceptual resources reflect publicly shared knowledge (Turner, 2004). 相似文献
383.
Mubarak A. Khan Ruhul A. Khan B. S. Aliya Z. Nasreen 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2006,14(1):111-118
In order to further improve the physical properties of plywood surface that was pretreated with UV and Gamma radiation at
different radiation intensities before photocuring. After pretreatment with radiation the plywood surface was coated with
different prepared formulations containing epoxyacrylate (EA-1020) as an oligomer, difunctional monomers such as tripropylene
glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), 2-hexadioldiacrylate (HDDA), Ethylene Glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and trifunctional monomer trimethyl
propen triacrylate (TMPTA) with photoinitiator Darocur 1664. Thin polymer films were prepared on glass plate with these formulated
solutions and cured under UV radiation. Pendulum hardness (PH) and gel content of the film were studied for selecting the
formulations as top coat and as base coat. The polished plywood surface was coated with selected formulation and cured under
UV radiation. Various rheological properties of UV cured plywood surface such as pendulum hardness, scratch hardness, microgloss,
adhesion strength, percentage chipped off area and abrasion resistance were studied. 相似文献
384.
Mohd Ibrahim Khan Aijaz Ahmad Shafat Ahmad KhanMohd Yusuf Mohammad ShahidNikhat Manzoor Faqeer Mohammad 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2011,19(12):1385-1394
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of catechu in solution and % microbial reduction of dyed wool samples against Escherichia coli MTCC 443, Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 902, Candida albicans ATCC 10261 and Candida tropicalis ATCC 750, by using micro-broth dilution method, disc diffusion assay and growth curve studies. The dye showed the maximum antimicrobial activity at 20% w/v, inhibiting the microbial growth by more than 90%. In the next set of the experiments the antimicrobial activity of the dye was compared on woollen yarn alone and on pre-mordanted samples. The reduction in antimicrobial activity was observed when mordanted samples were examined. K/S, CIELab values and fastness properties of the dyed samples were assessed. The structural morphology of woollen yarn was also evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Haemolytic activity on human erythrocytes was studied to exclude possibility of further associated cytotoxicity. The observed antimicrobial characteristics and negligible cytoxicity of catechu indicate that the dye might be a promising antimicrobial agent for developing bioactive textile materials and clothing. 相似文献
385.
Mohammad Azam Ansari Haris M. Khan Aijaz A. Khan Mohammad A. Alzohairy 《毒物与环境化学》2015,97(8):1025-1040
Five week-old mice were divided into a vehicle control group, and groups exposed to ZnO nanoparticles at low (0.5 g/kg), middle (1 g/kg), high (3 g/kg), and exceptionally high-dose (5 g/kg). After the first, second, third, and fourth weeks’ of exposure, blood biochemistry, histopathology, and electron microscopic ultrastructural changes in liver, kidney and spleen were investigated. Increased alkaline phosphatase activities were observed in all treated mice being statistically significant at higher dose. No changes were observed in the serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and lipid levels. During the first and second weeks of the treatment, effects on the cytoarchitecture of liver, kidney, and spleen were not perceived while during the third and fouth weeks of treatment sporadic mild effects were seen. Ultrastructural electron microscopic changes in liver, kidney, and spleen were not observed for the low-dose group on the first, second, third, and fourth weeks, suggesting that exposure to ZnO nanoparticles at low dose is safe. Long-term (i.e., more than 28 days) exposure to the exceptionally high-dose resulted in sporadic changes in nuclear chromatin condensation, irregular nuclear membrane, polymorphic mitochondria, mitochondrial swelling, and vacuolation. ZnO nanoparticles could be well tolerated and no death occurred in any group of treated mice. 相似文献
386.
Yin Liu Matthias C. Rillig Quan Liu Jingjing Huang Muhammad Amjad Khan Xiaohui Li Qin Liu Qingqing Wang Xuesong Su Linyi Lin Yang Bai Genmao Guo Yi Huang Yong Sik Ok Shan Hu Junfeng Wang Honggang Ni Qing Huang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(9):110
387.
Maryam Kalantarnia Faisal Khan Kelly Hawboldt 《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2010,88(3):191-199
Process industries involve handling of hazardous substances which on release may potentially cause catastrophic consequences in terms of assets lost, human fatalities or injuries and loss of public confidence of the company. In spite of using endless end-of-the-pipe safety systems, tragic accidents such as BP Texas City refinery still occur. One of the main reasons of such rare but catastrophic events is lack of effective monitoring and modelling approaches that provide early warnings and help to prevent such event. To develop a predictive model one has to rely on past occurrence data, as such events are rare, enough data are usually not available to better understand and model such behavior. In such situations, it is advisable to use near misses and incident data to predict system performance and estimate accident likelihood. This paper is an attempt to demonstrate testing and validation of one such approach, dynamic risk assessment, using data from the BP Texas City refinery incident.Dynamic risk assessment is a novel approach which integrates Bayesian failure updating mechanism with the consequence assessment. The implementation of this methodology to the BP Texas City incident proves that the approach has the ability to learn from near misses, incident, past accidents and predict event occurrence likelihood in the next time interval. 相似文献
388.
Md. Rezaul Karim Habibur Rahman Bejoy Khan Amimul Ahsan Md. Rahadujjaman Shadman Alam Rakibul Hasan Tabriz Tajwar Sharif Saad Farooq 《环境质量管理》2023,32(4):53-63
Potable and equitable drinking water (DW) is a fundamental human right and essential for human health. This study is conducted to assess the groundwater and jar water quality of the roadside restaurants and tea stalls used for drinking by the local people around the Gazipur City area in Bangladesh. Water samples from 173 restaurants and tea stalls are collected. The physico-chemical and biological parameters are analyzed according to the guidelines and standards. The results illustrate that the color, EC, and Mn of 41%, 80%, and 62% of the samples, respectively, exceed the WHO and Environmental Conservation Rules (ECR) standards. In addition, E. coli and total coliform exceeding the threshold standards are found in 47% and 64% of the water samples, respectively. The contamination of DW by fecal coliforms is confirmed and supported by prior studies, which indicates that the DW supplied in restaurants and tea stalls are unsafe because of the possible presence of pathogens. These may cause potential health hazards to consumers from various water-borne diseases. Poor sanitation, unhygienic practices, and improper disposal of wastewater are responsible for the microbial contamination of DW. So, the authorities in charge of these places should take the right regulatory steps, such as regular sanitation inspections, DW quality monitoring, hand-washing practices, and better sanitation in these places. 相似文献
389.
Khan Hayat Weili Liu Khan Itbar Zhang Jianfang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(13):35996-36011
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The concern of environmental degradation, poverty, and income inequality remains a priority in achieving sustainable development goals. Countries are... 相似文献
390.
Imran Muhammad Islam Azhar Ul Tariq Muhammad Adnan Siddique Muhammad Hussnain Shah Noor Samad Khan Zia Ul Haq Amjad Muhammad Din Salah Ud Shah Ghulam Mustafa Naeem Muhammad Asif Nadeem Muhammad Nawaz Muhammad Rizwan Muhammad 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(24):24489-24502
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The present study aims at evaluating the batch scale potential of cotton shell powder (CSP), Moringa oleifera leaves (ML), and magnetite-assisted... 相似文献