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Benavides-Lopez Jose Luis ter Hofstede Hannah Robillard Tony 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2020,107(1):1-11
The Science of Nature - The capability of producing sounds and vibrations is well known in insects and is thought to be a form of intra- and interspecific communication. Sounds and vibrations are... 相似文献
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Gilbert C. S. Lui W. K. Li Anders Bjørgesæter Kenneth M. Y. Leung 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(1):177-192
This paper describes a novel statistical approach to derive ecologically relevant sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) from field data using a nonparametric empirical Bayesian method (NEBM). We made use of the Norwegian Oil Industrial Association database and extracted concurrently obtained data on species density and contaminant levels in sediment samples collected between 1996 and 2001. In brief, effect concentrations (ECs) of each installation (i.e., oil platform) at a given reduction in species density were firstly derived by fitting a logistic-type regression function to the relationship between the species density and the corresponding concentration of a chemical of concern. The estimated ECs were further improved by the NEBM which incorporated information from other installations. The distribution of these improved ECs from all installations was determined nonparametrically by the kernel method, and then used to determine the hazardous concentration (HC) which can be directly linked to the species loss (or the species being protected) in the sediment. This method also enables an accurate estimation of the lower confidence limit of the HC, even when the number of observations was small. To illustrate the effectiveness of this novel technique, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, mercury, lead, tetrahydrocannabinol, and zinc were chosen as example contaminants. This novel approach can generate ecologically sound SQGs for environmental risk assessment and cost-effectiveness analysis in sediment remediation or mud disposal projects, since sediment quality is closely linked to species density. 相似文献
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Wolke Tobón Tania Urquiza‐Haas Patricia Koleff Matthias Schröter Rubén Ortega‐Álvarez Julio Campo Roberto Lindig‐Cisneros José Sarukhán Aletta Bonn 《Conservation biology》2017,31(5):1086-1097
Ecological restoration has become an important strategy to conserve biodiversity and ecosystems services. To restore 15% of degraded ecosystems as stipulated by the Convention on Biological Diversity Aichi target 15, we developed a prioritization framework to identify potential priority sites for restoration in Mexico, a megadiverse country. We used the most current biological and environmental data on Mexico to assess areas of biological importance and restoration feasibility at national scale and engaged stakeholders and experts throughout the process. We integrated 8 criteria into 2 components (i.e., biological importance and restoration feasibility) in a spatial multicriteria analysis and generated 11 scenarios to test the effect of assigning different component weights. The priority restoration sites were distributed across all terrestrial ecosystems of Mexico; 64.1% were in degraded natural vegetation and 6% were in protected areas. Our results provide a spatial guide to where restoration could enhance the persistence of species of conservation concern and vulnerable ecosystems while maximizing the likelihood of restoration success. Such spatial prioritization is a first step in informing policy makers and restoration planners where to focus local and large‐scale restoration efforts, which should additionally incorporate social and monetary cost–benefit considerations. 相似文献
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Photoreactivity of humic substances: relationship between fluorescence and singlet oxygen production 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Christian Coelho Ghislain Guyot Alexandra ter Halle Luciano Cavani Claudio Ciavatta Claire Richard 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2011,9(3):447-451
Humic substances are natural compounds abundantly present in the environment. They play a significant role in the natural
attenuation of pollution in surface water due to their capacity to generate reactive species upon solar light excitation.
Finding physico chemical parameters related to this property would be of a great help in the prediction studies of the organic
pollutants fate. In this work, we investigated relationships between the ability of the humic substances to produce singlet
oxygen and their fluorescence properties. For this, a series of sixteen humic acids, fulvic acids, and water-extractable organic
matter from soils were studied. The steady-state singlet oxygen concentrations in the irradiated humic substances solutions
were measured by monitoring the loss of furfuryl alcohol added as a singlet oxygen scavenger. The emission spectra of the
sixteen samples were also recorded. Values of the steady-state singlet oxygen concentrations and the emission intensities
showed significant variations among the humic samples and a parallel increase. Thus, here we demonstrate that the rate of
singlet oxygen production and the emission intensity of the humic samples are correlated, the best correlation being obtained
for emission wavelengths between 500 and 580 nm. This correlation which was never reported until now can be used to estimate
the singlet oxygen-production capacity of the humic substances based on their fluorescent properties. 相似文献
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Gregor Schlüter Maren Steckel Holger Schiffmann Karsten Harms Volker Viereck Günter Emons Peter Burfeind Hans-Ulrich Pauer 《黑龙江环境通报》2005,25(7):574-576
Prenatal molecular genetic diagnosis for Noonan syndrome I is reported. Noonan syndrome was suspected because of large cystic hygroma colli, massive pleural effusion and ascites at 23 weeks of gestation and normal karyotype (46,XX). DNA was prepared from amnion cells and screened for mutations in the PTPN11 gene. In exon 8, a missense mutation (S285F) was found. Delivery was induced at 33 weeks of gestation because of silent cardiotocography (CTG). Despite immediate drainage of the hydrothorax, mechanical ventilation was insufficient and the child died 9 h after birth due to severe pulmonary hypoplasia. Pleural punctate was enriched for small lymphocytes and thus was characterized as chylus. Prenatal ultrasound findings in Noonan syndrome usually are unspecific and rarely lead to a diagnosis. However, with the combination of cystic hygroma, pleural effusion, ascites and normal karyotype Noonan syndrome should be considered and DNA testing for PTPN11 mutations may be appropriate. Malformations of lymphatic vessels and/or chylothorax in Noonan syndrome seem to be more frequent than usually anticipated. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献