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191.
FERNANDO TOMÁS MAESTRE GIL 《Environmental management》2001,28(2):149-163
Local scale has an important role in environmental management. In Spain, rapid industrialization has occurred in the last
three decades, leading to substantial changes in socioeconomic relations and resulting in significant environmental degradation.
This paper describes the environmental status of the township of Sax (Alicante, in southeast Spain), which has passed from
agriculture to industrial manufacturing in 50 years. The human population has grown exponentially during the second half of
the 20th century, with a 91% increase from 1955 to 1995, coinciding with strong growth in manufacturing (factories increased
fivefold in the period 1955–1976) and important changes in the working population and land use. Illegal rubbish dumps, water
pollution, forest fires, erosion, and degradation of wildlife habitats are the main outcomes of these dramatic socioeconomic
and demographic changes. The administration has focused on the control of water pollution and waste management, while nongovernmental
organizations have concentrated on the prevention of forest fires and the development of environmental education programs.
These measures are insufficient to manage current environmental degradation, and an environmental management plan for the
study area is discussed. Increasing effort in waste management and industrial wastewater control, changes in land-use policy,
and the creation of an advisory committee to increase public participation in decision-making have been identified as environmental
target objectives for the coming years. 相似文献
192.
María D. Álvarez 《The Environmentalist》2001,21(4):305-315
The forests of Colombia are influenced by the actions of armed groups and, in many cases, their settlers are economically dependent on illicit crops. Up to the present armed conflict has simultaneously discouraged organized exploitation in some frontier areas, and encouraged unsustainable use of natural resources therein. The Colombian government seeks to end the conflict by pursuing peace negotiations, and to eradicate illicit crops. How will these policies affect the forests? The environmental consequences of these policies are not only dependent on the unlikely economic success of alternative development, but on making informed decisions about infrastructure development in affected areas. 相似文献
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Cobián Álvarez José Armando Resosudarmo Budy P. 《Environmental Economics and Policy Studies》2019,21(4):555-577
Environmental Economics and Policy Studies - Although many megacities in developing countries experience floods annually that affect a large number of people, relatively few empirical studies have... 相似文献
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Recent extinctions often resulted from humans retaliating against wildlife that threatened people's interests or were perceived to threaten current or future interests. Today's subfield of human-wildlife conflict and coexistence (HWCC) grew out of an original anthropocentric concern with such real or perceived threats and then, starting in the mid-1990s, with protecting valued species from people. Recent work in ethics and law has shifted priorities toward coexistence between people and wild animals. To spur scientific progress and more effective practice, we examined 4 widespread assumptions about HWCC that need to be tested rigorously: scientists are neutral and objective about HWCC; current participatory, consensus-based decisions provide just and fair means to overcome challenges in HWCC; wildlife threats to human interests are getting worse; and wildlife damage to human interests is additive to other sources of damage. The first 2 assumptions are clearly testable, but if they are entangled can become a wicked problem and may need debunking as myths if they cannot be disentangled. Some assumptions have seldom or never been tested and those that have been tested appear dubious, yet the use of the assumptions continues in the practice and scholarship of HWCC. We call for tests of assumptions and debunking of myths in the scholarship of HWCC. Adherence to the principles of scientific integrity and application of standards of evidence can help advance our call. We also call for practitioners and interest groups to improve the constitutive process prior to decision making about wildlife. We predict these steps will hasten scientific progress toward evidence-based interventions and improve the fairness, ethics, and legality of coexistence strategies. 相似文献
199.
Castañeda-Espinoza Joel Salinas-Sánchez David Osvaldo Mussali-Galante Patricia Castrejón-Godínez María Luisa Rodríguez Alexis González-Cortazar Manasés Zamilpa-Álvarez Alejandro Tovar-Sánchez Efraín 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(2):2509-2529
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq. is a plant with a wide distribution that expands throughout almost all Mexican territory and is used in traditional... 相似文献
200.