城市生态环境：几点问题探讨

从自然和城市生态系统的概念，在环境保护的角度讨论建设城市生态环境的重要性及环保部门所做的努力。     

论推行“企业安全管理体系”工作的必要性

本文从开展“企业安全管理体系”工作能为企业带来益处入手来浅析其必要性。     

LPWCO method for the treatment of high concentrated organic wastewater

Based on wet air oxidation (WAO) and Fenton reagent, thispaper raises a new low pressure wet catalytic oxidation(LPWCO)which requires low pressure for the treatment of highlyconcentrated and refractory organic wastewater. Compared withgeneral wet air oxidation, the pressure of the treatment(0.1-0.6MPa) is only one of tens to percentage of latter(3.5-10MPa). Inaddition, its temperature is no more than 180℃.Compared withFenton reagent, while H2O2/COD(weight ratio) less than 1.2, theremoval of COD in the treatment is over twenty percents more thanFenton's even the value of COD is more than 14000mg/L. In thispaper, we study the effect factor of COD removal and the mechanismof this treatment. The existence of synergistic effect (catalytic oxidation and carbonization) for COD removal in H2SO4-Fenton reagent system under the condition of applied pressure and heating (0.1-0.6MPa, 104-165℃) was verified. The best condition of this disposal are as follows:H2O2/COD(weight ratio)=0.2-1.0, Fe2+ 0.6×10-3 mol, H2SO4 0.5mol, COD>1×104mg/L, the operating pressure is 0.1-0.6MPa and temperature is 104-165℃. This method suit to dispose the high-concentrated refractory wastewater, especially to the wastewater containing H2SO produced in the manufacture of pesticide, dyestuff and petrochemical works.     

N20 emissions from forest and grassland soils in northern China

Nitrous oxide(N₂O)is a major trace gas in the atmosphere．It plays an important rote in global warming and zone depleting．In this paper，we set up a install to determine the N₂O emission flux from forest and grassland soil．We observed an interesting phenomenon：in our sampling sites，the soil always acts as a source of N₂O，but sometimes it acts as a sink when the temperature is lower than 15℃．     

An overview on industrial waste management in China

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用酵母菌处理甘薯酒精废液的动力学研究

<正> 以甘薯为原料来生产酒精,是目前国内外生产酒精的主要方法之一,通过对淀粉的水解糖化,再经发酵而制得酒精。但是在酒精蒸馏中产生大量的蒸馏残液,其外观呈糊状,含有大量悬浮物和有机物,如果不进行适当处理就排放,对环境会造成严重污染。据调查,上海、南京、天津及大连等地的酒厂废水都对河道产生了严重污染,是亟待解决的问题。自1984年以来,我们对大连白酒厂的酒精蒸馏残液进行实验性处理研究。本文拟从一个侧面总结一下实验工作。国内外对该类废水已进行了大量的研究,处理方法可概括为:浓缩干燥法;好氧生物处理法;厌氧生物处理法。考虑到能量消耗、经济效益和城市地理位置等因     

MBBR处理低浓度污水的工程应用

用 2座体积 12 0m3的移动床生物膜反应器处理抚顺乙烯有限公司厂区的低浓度 (CODCr6 0～ 80mg L)生活污水 ,停留时间 2 4h ,出水通过高效纤维球过滤罐 ,CODCr降至 2 0mg L ,BOD5降至 5mg L ,SS降至 5mg L ,氨氮降至 1mg L ,达到了循环冷却水的回用标准。进水浓度过低 ,对MBBR挂膜不利 ,工程中采用外加营养物质的措施后 ,3d内反应器成功挂膜启动。     

警惕:蔬菜质量下降

当前,各地蔬菜质量呈下降趋势问题,应引起有关部门的足够重视。其主要原因:一是品种退化的影响,各地区都有各自的名特优蔬菜品种,但由于种植年份过多,而忽视了对这些蔬菜种子的筛选和提纯、复壮,造成了一代不如一代的现象。二是农药化肥的影响。一般蔬菜最佳的肥料是农家肥,而现在很多菜农图省事大部分以施化肥为主,再加上常年施用各种农药,久而久之使一些化肥物质浸入或污染。三是生态环境变化的影响。近几年来,由于蔬菜种植集中产区的城郊地带     

公众参与在环境影响评价中的应用

文章从公众参与的概念和作用入手,简要分析了公众参与在国内外环境影响评价中的应用现状,认为我国公众参与环境影响评价中主要存在着机制不健全、公众参与力度不够、建设单位和有关部门不重视等问题.最后提出只有建立有效的公众参与制度,不断扩大公众参与环评的深度和广度,将公众参与制度化地引入环境影响评价,才能使我国环境影响评价在实践中真正发挥作用.