控制显微组织与性能的锻造工艺研究

介绍一种科学的方法,用以分析,优化和设计金属的成形工艺.以便控制最终成品的显微组织与性能。该方法提出了有关工件材料、成形过程和工件与工具接触条件的详细的数学模型,并将其汇总而形成一套用于工艺设计的交互作用的计算机程序。本文内容为:一、工艺条件下的材料性能;二、盘类零件锻造过程的工艺模拟;三、接触表面的影响;四、材料与工艺模拟、组织、性能的综合分析与验证。虽然目前仅限于在 Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo(Ti-6242)的锻造工艺中进行了应用并验证了该方法的有效性,但它可适用于变形工艺的广泛领域(包括各种钢及合金的压力加工)。     

Combined effect of tributyltin and benzo[a] pyrene on the levels of sex hormone and vitellogenin in female Sebastiscus marmoratus

Tributyltin（TBT）, an organometal used as an antifouling biocide, has been reported to induce masculinization of fish. Benzo [a]pyrene （BaP）, a widespread carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, has been reported that its microsomal metabolites can produce an estrogenic response when tested in vitro. This study was therefore designed to examine the potential in vivo influence of TBT, BaP and their mixture on sex hormone levels in serum of Sebastiscus marmoratus, which were given 2 separate intraperitoneally （ip） injections（a single injection every 7 d） of TBT（0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg）, BaP（0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg）, or both in combination（0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg）; control fish received olive oil vehicle only. Six days after the 2nd injection, serum samples were collected and analyzed for sex hormone levels and alkali labile protein phosphorus （ALPP）, which is related to the yolk precursor protein vitellogenin. The pollutants at all doses significantly reduced serum testosterone, estradiol and ALPP content after 2 injections compared with the corresponding controls. The reduction of the estradiol levels should be response for the decrease of the vitellogenin levels. The results in the present study suggested that aromatase seems not the major target acted by TBT and BaP in fish. This study demonstrated that TBT or BaP exposure both inhibit the reproductive potential in female Sebastiscus marmoratus. Combined effect of TBT and BaP on the serum testosterone, estradiol and ALPP was not antagonism from the anticipation.     

The effects of land use and its patterns on soil properties in a small catchment of the Loess Plateau

Due to relatively strong human activities in the hilly area of Loess Plateau,the natural vegetation has been destroyed,and landscape pattern based on agricultural land matrix was land use mosaic composing of shrub land,grassland,woolland and orchard.This pattern has an important effect on soil moisture and soil nutrients.The Danangou catchment,a typical small catchment,was selected to study the effects of land use and its patterns on soil moisture and nutrients in this paper.The results are as follows:The comparisons of soil moisture among seven land uses for wet year and dry year were performed:(1)the average of soil moisture content for whole catchment was 12.11% in wet year,while it was 9.37% in dry year;(2)soil moisture among seven land uses was significantly different in dry year,but not in wet year;(3) form wet year to dry year,the profile type of soil moisture changed from decreasing type to fluctuation-type and from fluctuant type to increasing type;(4)the increasing trend in soil moisture from the top to foot of hillslope occurred in simple land use along slope,while complicated distribution of soil moisture was observed in multiple land uses along slope.The relationships between soil nutrients and land uses and landscape positions were analysed:(1)five nutrient contents of soil organic matter(SOM),total N(TN),available N(AN),total P(TP) and available P(AP) in hilly area were lower than that in other areas.SOM content was less than 1%,TN content less than 0.07%,and TP fallow land and cropland,and higher level in soil fertility was found in crop-fruit intercropping land among croplands;(3)soil nutrient distribution and responses to landscape positions were variable depending on slope and the location of land use types.     

氧化沟在炼油污水处理中应注意的几个问题

通过对氧化沟工艺处理炼油污水效果的分析，提出影响处理效果的各种因素，并探讨对策及建议。     

昭通市水污染现状及防治对策探讨

昭通市内的两条河流均已受到污染，其中主要纳污的秃尾河TP、TN、CODCr和BOD5已属劣V类水指标。各河流每年流入金沙江的BOD5为386．9t，CODCr为1021．4t，TN为276t，TP为36．6t。应从加强重点行业治理、推行排污许可证制度等6方面采取措施加以防治。     

云南省环保政务信息报送系统

该系统采用B/S结构,分为密码、数据库、报送、浏览、修改和统计汇总6个模块,通过网络进行报送信息,并对其进行分类、汇总.系统使用一年来,进行了一次系统升级.系统的使用不仅能够及时、准确地报送,而且加强了省局与州局的联系,也为全省环保系统办公自动化的推广奠定了基础.     

滇池沿岸农村固体废物污染调查研究 --呈贡县大渔乡案例分析

以呈贡县大渔乡为案例,调查分析了区域农村固体废物的来源、产生量、成分和处理处置现状,引入了固体废弃物潜在污染负荷指数。     

鳌江流域上游水污染现状及防治对策

对螯江流域上游水质污染现状及成因进行了剖析，提出了治理对策，为福州市第二饮水质保护提供科学依据。     

生物除磷机理及试验研究

介绍了生物除磷机理、生物除磷系统的积磷细菌、生物除磷所需的环境条件。SBR法除磷的试验研究表明,应用SBR活性污泥系统进行除磷,需要一定的厌氧条件;且须在厌氧阶段进行充足的曝气。试验结果证明,SBR法在时间上控制的灵活性非常适合生物除磷的环境条件。厌氧与好氧相结合,能够提高磷的去除率或降低出水磷的浓度,磷的去除率可达90%左右。     

Eco-environmental information system of Tianjin City─Design, implementation and applications

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