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61.
Fresh and healthy specimens of Oreochromis niloticus (mean weight 70.5± 1.23 g and mean length, 12.3± 1.5cm) and Clarias gariepinus (mean weight, 41.8±2.3 g and mean length 13.78 ± 1.2 cm) were exposed to heavy metal lead, ranging in concentration from 10 to 18 mg L‐1 for O. niloticus and 20 to 28 mg L‐1 for C. gariepinus respectively. The 96 h LC50 for both the species was computed as 12.45 mg L‐1 (O. niloticus) and 22.65 mg L‐1 (C. gariepinus). The cichlid fish was exposed to sublethal concentration of lead (2, 4 and 6 mgL‐1) and catfish (4, 8 and 12 mgL‐1). The erythrocytes count, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit and the value of serum glucose increased significantly (P < 0.01), whereas leucocytes count, serum protein and serum triglyceride after intoxication declined in both the species with the same pattern but in different quantity. After 96 h of time a significant depletion of muscle and liver glycogen was noted, being greater in muscle (16.7% in O. niloticus) and in liver (15.9% in C. gariepinus). The response of fish to lead was dose dependent. 相似文献
62.
Ahmad H. Abu Hilal Mohammed Y. Rasheed Entisar A. Al Hihi Saber A. Al Rousan 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2009,13(4):247-261
The coastal zone management and development plans which include tourism development necessitate among many other management
practices, the extension of the available area of the present natural but narrow, limited and widely eroded beaches by implementing
some type of nourishment practices. The present work is providing information on selected sites as possible sources of suitable
sand, chemical and granulometric characteristics of their sand, and the potential direct and long-term environmental effects
and consequences of its use in any future nourishment practices. Seven sites located within the up-lifted terraces area along
the Jordanian portion of the Gulf of Aqaba, were selected as potential sources or borrow sites for sand that may be used in
any future nourishment projects. Two sites were selected at the northeastern side of Aqaba region to represent sand dunes.
Sand material from these sites were analyzed for their physical characteristics (grain size) as well as their content of heavy
metals, organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, and calcium carbonate. Standard methodological techniques were
used during analysis of all constituents. The results were compared with those obtained from the analysis of sand deposits
of six beaches along the Jordanian coastline of the Gulf of Aqaba. Results indicate that sand of the selected borrow sites
has grain size fractions that are suitable for use in beach nourishment. Results of the measured pollution indicators indicate
that their levels in the sand of the potential borrow sites are within or lower than their levels in the marine and coastal
sediments of the Gulf of Aqaba and the Red Sea. These properties, in addition to the wide occurrence and availability of such
sources along the coasts of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba, suggest that it will be a cheep source of sand for beach extension
and restoration and their use in large amounts in beach nourishment project will not pose major hazards on the quality of
seawater of the Gulf of Aqaba area 相似文献
63.
Yigang Yang Huihuang Chen Mamun Abdullah Al Jean Claude Ndayishimiye Jun R Yang Alain Isabwe Anqi Luo Jun Yang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(2):140-151
Urbanization often exerts multiple effects on aquatic and terrestrial organisms, including changes in biodiversity, species composition and ecosystem functions. However, the impacts of urbanization on river phytoplankton in subtropical urbanizing watersheds remain largely unknown. Here, we explored the effects of urbanization on phytoplankton community structure(i.e., biomass, community composition and diversity) and function(i.e., resource use efficiency) in a subtropical river at watershed sca... 相似文献
64.
Karimi Mohsen Shirzad Mohammad Silva José A. C. Rodrigues Alírio E. 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(4):2041-2084
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Rising adverse impact of climate change caused by anthropogenic activities is calling for advanced methods to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Here, we... 相似文献
65.
Ehlers Sonja M. Al Najjar Tamara Taupp Thomas Koop Jochen H. E. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(18):22380-22389
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Caddisfly larvae occur in streams and rivers, and many caddisfly species build protective cases using material from their habitat such as sand grains.... 相似文献
66.
Treatment of tannery wastewater in a pilot-scale hybrid constructed wetland system in Bangladesh 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This paper reports the pollutant removal performances of a hybrid wetland system in Bangladesh for the treatment of a tannery wastewater. The system consisted of three treatment stages: a subsurface vertical flow (VF) wetland, followed by a horizontal flow (HF) and a VF wetland. The wetlands were planted with common reed (Phragmites australis), but employed different media, including organic coco-peat, cupola slag and pea gravel. In the first stage, experimental results demonstrated significant removal of ammonia (52%), nitrate (54%), BOD (78%), and COD (56%) under high organics loading rate (690 g COD m−2 d−1); simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and organics degradation were attributed to the unique characteristics of the coco-peat media, which allowed greater atmospheric oxygen transfer for nitrification and organic degradation, and supply of organic carbon for denitrification. The second stage HF wetland produced an average PO4 removal of 61%, primarily due to adsorption by the iron-rich cupola slag media. In the third treatment stage, which was filled with gravel media, further BOD removal (78%) from the tannery wastewater depleted organic carbon, causing the accumulation of NO3 in the wastewater. Overall, the average percentage removals of NH3-N, NO3-N, BOD, COD, and PO4 were 86%, 50%, 98%, 98% and 87%, respectively, across the whole hybrid system. The results provided a strong evidence to support widespread research and application of the constructed wetland as a low-cost, energy-efficient, wastewater treatment technology in Bangladesh. 相似文献
67.
68.
In many locations across the world, land contamination poses a serious threat to human health and the wider environment. For instance, a report published on April 17, 2014, revealed that China now has 16.1 percent of its land contaminated by various organic and inorganic contaminants, posing a range of challenges from human health risk to food security. The innovation and adoption of suitable remediation technologies is critical for solving land contamination issues. However, little is known about the pattern of remediation technology adoption, as well as its determining factors. This study uses a questionnaire survey in the United States, United Kingdom, and China to examine the spatial variation of remediation technology adoption. It further explores the temporal trend of remediation technology adoption using secondary data from the U.S. Superfund program. The study identified significant differences in remediation technology adoption among these countries, which are attributed to the different environmental, social, economic, and regulatory contexts. It is argued that the full implications of remediation technology adoption to sustainable development should be further studied, and policy instruments should be designed accordingly to promote those remediation technologies that align the best with long‐term sustainability. Technology developers may also use these implications to adjust their research and development priorities. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
69.
Al Sayegh Petkovšek S Mazej Grudnik Z Pokorny B 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(5):2647-2662
The study, which measured the concentrations of Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn and As in various fish tissues (muscle, gill and liver) of
10 fish species (Abramis brama danubii, Alburnus alburnus alburnus, Barbus meridionalis petenyi, Carassius auratius gibelio, Cyprinus carpio, Lepomis gibossus, Leuciscius cephalus cephalus, Perca fluviatilis fluviatilis, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinus erythrophtlalmus erythrophtlalmus) collected in the Šalek lakes, is the first survey regarding metal concentrations in fish species with samples originating
from Slovene lakes, while only a limited number of such studies have been carried out in southeastern Europe. Since these
lakes are situated in the close vicinity of the largest Slovene thermal power plant, the study provides an insight into the
potential impact of increased levels of metals in the environment as well as an estimate of the contamination of fish tissues
with metals. Furthermore, it was possible to compare the results obtained with those from other studies regarding metal levels
in freshwater fish species. The mean metal concentrations of different tissues irrespective of species varied in the following
ranges: Zn 4.31–199 mg/kg ww, Pb 0.01–0.48 mg/kg ww, As 0.02–0.44 mg/kg ww, Hg <0.01–0.31 mg/kg ww, Cd < 0.01–0.19 mg/kg ww.
In general, higher contents of Hg were found in muscles and livers than in gills and higher contents of As in gills and livers
than in muscles, respectively. The accumulation of Pb and Zn was most pronounced in gills. The result obtained regarding metal
concentrations in fish revealed that the ecosystems of the Šalek lakes are not polluted with Hg and Pb, slightly loaded with
As and Cd and moderately polluted with Zn. In addition, the potential human health risk due to fish consumption was assessed.
This showed that the estimated weekly intakes for all metals were far below provisional permissible tolerable weekly intakes
determined by WHO/FAO. The consumption of fish from the Šalek lakes, therefore, does not pose a risk to human health. 相似文献
70.