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171.
Christian Hermans Ann C. Vandaele Michel Carleer Sophie Fally Réginald Colin Alain Jenouvrier Bernard Coquart Marie-France Mérienne 《Environmental science and pollution research international》1999,6(3):151-158
Absorption spectroscopy, which is widely used for concentration measurements of tropospheric and stratospheric compounds,
requires precise values of the absorption cross-sections of the measured species. NO2, O2 and its collision-induced absorption spectrum, and H2O absorption cross-sections have been measured at temperature and pressure conditions prevailing in the Earth’s atmosphere.
Corrections to the generally accepted analysis procedures used to resolve the convolution problem are also proposed. 相似文献
172.
Xim Cerdá Elena Angulo Raphaël Boulay Alain Lenoir 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2009,63(4):551-562
In social insects, the decision to exploit a food source is made both at the individual (e.g., a worker collecting a food
item) and colony level (e.g., several workers communicating the existence of a food patch). In group recruitment, the recruiter
lays a temporary chemical trail while returning from the food source to the nest and returns to the food guiding a small group
of nestmates. We studied how food characteristics influence the decision-making process of workers changing from individual
retrieving to group recruitment in the gypsy ant Aphaenogaster senilis. We offered field colonies three types of prey: crickets (cooperatively transportable), shrimps (non-transportable), and
different quantities of sesame seeds (individually transportable). Colonies used group recruitment to collect crickets and
shrimps, as well as seeds when they were available in large piles, while small seed piles rarely led to recruitment. Foragers
were able to “measure” food characteristics (quality, quantity, transportability), deciding whether or not to recruit, accordingly.
Social integration of individual information about food emerged as a colony decision to initiate or to continue recruitment
when the food patch was rich. In addition, group recruitment allowed a fast colony response over a wide thermal range (up
to 45°C ground temperature). Therefore, by combining both advantages of social foraging (group recruitment) and thermal tolerance,
A. senilis accurately exploited different types of food sources which procured an advantage against mass-recruiting and behaviorally
dominant species such as Tapinoma nigerrimum and Lasius niger. 相似文献
173.
Modelling the Karenia mikimotoi bloom that occurred in the western English Channel during summer 2003 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Alice Vanhoutte-Brunier Liam Fernand Alain Mnesguen Sandra Lyons Francis Gohin Philippe Cugier 《Ecological modelling》2008,210(4):351-376
Observations from space and in situ from the R.V. Corystes 8/03 Cruise show that a massive Karenia mikimotoi bloom occured during summer 2003 in the western English Channel. Due to exceptional climatoligical conditions that occured in June 2003, the installation of a very strong thermocline enhanced the development of a massive bloom over 1 million cells l−1 in the Central English Channel. This paper presents the application of a mathematical model of this species, previously developed in for the Bay of Biscay, into a general 3D model of the primary production of the English Channel and southern Bight of the North Sea. Allelopathic interactions exerted by K. mikimotoi on other phytoplankton species and the role of agitation in the mortality of this species are taken into account. The model includes the dynamics of the bloom and consequently reproduces with good agreement the geographical distribution of the K. mikimotoi bloom both surface and subsurface. The model suggests that the apparent transport of the bloom towards the French coasts as inferred from the satellite observation was not due to advection but was only caused by the establishment of suitable conditions. The sensivity of the K. mikimotoi distribution to boundary conditions, initialization and the role of turbulence is discussed. 相似文献
174.
Julio César Marín Leal Stanislas Dubois Francis Orvain Robert Galois Jean-Louis Blin Michel Ropert Marie-Paule Bataillé Alain Ourry Sébastien Lefebvre 《Marine Biology》2008,153(4):673-688
Food sources for cultivated marine bivalves generally are not well identified, although they are essential for a better understanding
of coastal ecosystems and for the sustainability of shellfish farming activities. In addition to phytoplankton, other organic
matter sources (OMS), such as microphytobenthos and detritus (of terrestrial or marine origins), can contribute significantly
to the growth of marine bivalves. The aim of this study was to identify the potential food sources and to estimate their contributions
to the growth of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) in two contrasting trophic environments of Normandy (France): the Baie des Veys (BDV) and the Lingreville area (LIN). Two
sites were studied in the BDV area (BDV-S and BDV-N) and one in the LIN area. To estimate the contribution of each type of
OMS, we used a combination of stable natural isotope composition (δ13C, δ15N) analysis of OMS and oyster tissue together with a modelling exercise. Field sampling was conducted every 2 months over
1 year. The sampled sources were suspended particulate organic matter from marine (PhyOM) and terrestrial (TOM) origins, microphytobenthos
(MPB), detrital organic matter from the superficial sediment (SOM), and macroalgae (Ulva sp., ULV). A statistical mixing model coupled to a bioenergetic model was used to calculate the contributions of each different
source at different seasons. Results showed that isotopic composition of the animal flesh varied with respect to the potential
OMS over the year within each ecosystem. Significant differences were also observed among the three locations. For instance,
the δ13C and δ15N values of the oysters ranged from −20.0 to −19.1‰ and from 6.9 to 10.8‰ at BDV-S, from −19.4 to −18.1‰ and from 6.4 to 10.0‰
at BDV-N, and from −21.8 to −19.4‰ and from 6.3 to 8.3‰ at LIN. The contributions of the different sources to oyster growth
differed depending on the ecosystem and on the period of the year. Phytoplankton (PhyOM) predominated as the principal food
source for oysters (particularly in the LIN location). MPB, TOM, and ULV detritus also possibly contributed to oysters’ diet
during summer and autumn at the BDV-S and BDV-N sites. SOM was not considered an OMS because it was already a mix of the other
four OMS, but rather a trophic reservoir that potentially mirrored the trophic functioning of marine ecosystems. 相似文献
175.
Alain Lenoir Axel Touchard Séverine Devers Jean-Philippe Christidès Raphaël Boulay Virginie Cuvillier-Hot 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(23):13446-13451
Phthalates are common atmospheric contaminants used in the plastic industry. Ants have been shown to constitute good bioindicators of phthalate pollution. Hence, phthalates remain trapped on ant cuticles which are mostly coated with long-chain hydrocarbons. In this study, we artificially contaminated Lasius niger ants with four phthalates: dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP). The first three have previously been found on ants in nature in Touraine (France), while the fourth has not. The four phthalates disappeared rapidly (less than 5 days) from the cuticles of live ants. In contrast, on the cuticles of dead ants, DEHP quantities remained unchanged over time. These results indicate that phthalates are actively absorbed by the cuticles of live ants. Cuticular absorption of phthalates is nonspecific because eicosane, a nonnatural hydrocarbon on L. niger cuticle, was similarly absorbed. Ants are important ecological engineers and may serve as bioindicators of ecosystem health. We also suggest that ants and more generally terrestrial arthropods may contribute to the removal of phthalates from the local environment. 相似文献
176.
Adriana Wigh Alain Devaux Vanessa Brosselin Adriana Gonzalez-Ospina Bruno Domenjoud Selim Aït-Aïssa Nicolas Creusot Antoine Gosset Christine Bazin Sylvie Bony 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(4):3008-3017
A mixture of urban and hospital effluents (50 % v/v) was evaluated for ecotoxicity with an advanced bioassay battery. Mixed effluents were tested before any treatment, after biological treatment alone, and after biological treatment followed by a tertiary ozonation (15 mg O3/L). Laying a high value on the continuance of organisms’ fitness, essential to preserve a healthy receiving ecosystem, the main objective of this study was to combine normalized bioassays with newly developed in vivo and in vitro tests in order to assess alteration of embryo development, growth and reproduction, as well as genotoxic effects in aquatic organisms exposed to complex wastewater effluents. Comparison of the bioassays sensitivity was considered. Contrary to the lack of toxicity observed with normalized ecotoxicity tests, endpoints measured on zebrafish embryos such as developmental abnormalities and genotoxicity demonstrated a residual toxicity in wastewater both after a biological treatment followed or not by a tertiary O3 treatment. However, the ozonation step allowed to alleviate the residual endocrine disrupting potential measure in the biologically treated effluent. This study shows that normalized bioassays are not sensitive enough for the ecotoxicological evaluation of wastewaters and that there is a great need for the development of suitable sensitive bioassays in order to characterize properly the possible residual toxicity of treated effluents. 相似文献
177.
Daniele Gaëlle Fieu Maëva Joachim Sandrine Bado-Nilles Anne Beaudouin Rémy Baudoin Patrick James-Casas Alice Andres Sandrine Bonnard Marc Bonnard Isabelle Geffard Alain Vulliet Emmanuelle 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(20):16893-16904
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aims of this work are to develop suitable analytical methods to determine the widely used anticonvulsant carbamazepine and 12 of its... 相似文献
178.
179.
Nugraha Edhi Suyatma Alain Copinet Estelle Legin-Copinet Florence Fricoteaux Véronique Coma 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2011,19(1):166-171
PLA grafting on chitosan has been successfully prepared with two different methods: a direct grafting method and the ROP method.
The thermal properties showed that the copolymerization of PLA on the chitosan’s chain by direct grafting is more thermostable
than the one obtained by the ROP method. 相似文献
180.
Why seeking feedback from diverse sources may not be sufficient for stimulating creativity: The role of performance dynamism and creative time pressure
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Roy B. L. Sijbom Frederik Anseel Michiel Crommelinck Alain De Beuckelaer Katleen E. M. De Stobbeleir 《组织行为杂志》2018,39(3):355-368
We explore how the impact of seeking feedback from different sources (i.e., feedback source variety) on employee creativity is shaped by perceptions of the work environment. Specifically, we argue that two contextual factors, namely, performance dynamism (Study 1) and creative time pressure (Study 2), moderate the relationship between feedback source variety and creativity such that under conditions of high performance dynamism and low creative time pressure, individuals benefit from diverse feedback information. In Study 1 (N = 1,031), the results showed that under conditions of high performance dynamism, the relationship between feedback source variety and self‐reported creativity was nonlinear, with employee creativity exponentially increasing as a function of feedback source variety. Similarly, in Study 2 (N = 181), we found that under conditions of low creative time pressure, the relationship between feedback source variety and employee creativity was nonlinear, with supervisor‐rated creative performance exponentially increasing at higher levels of feedback source variety. Such results highlight that the relationship between feedback source variety and creative performance is affected by the perceptions of the work environment in which feedback is sought. 相似文献