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991.
Atamaleki Ali Yazdanbakhsh Ahmadreza Fallah Sevda Hesami Arani Mohsen Neshat Aliasghar Fakhri Yadolah 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(11):13083-13083
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13115-1 相似文献
992.
Mokarram Marzieh Saber Ali Obeidi Razagh 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(37):51369-51383
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The present study attempts to assess the threat of water contamination in Persian Gulf by heavy metals (Fe, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Se, and Ni) and its... 相似文献
993.
994.
Ali Akbar Safari Sinegani Maasumeh Ghanbari Amad Janjan 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2009,11(3):293-298
The in vitro degradation of fiber from two agricultural residues (Helianthus annuus and Zea mays) was studied using four saprophytic fungi. The changes in cellulolytic enzyme and phosphatase activities, the C/N ratio,
the dry weight, the crude fiber (CF) content, and the protein and fiber digestibility coefficients were investigated in solid-state
culture during a 45-day period of biodegradation. The FPase activity of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and the endoglucanase activities of P. chrysosporium and Trichoderma reesei compared to those of the other fungi were significantly (P < 0.05) high on both crop resides. Both acid and alkaline phosphatases were produced in greater amounts by P. chrysosporium than by the other fungi. The organic carbon contents of both residues were reduced more by T. reesei than by the other fungi. The fiber digestibility coefficient of untreated corn residue was higher than that of sunflower
residue, but after treatment with fungi, the sunflower fiber digestibility increased more than that of corn did. Although
the CF contents of both residues were decreased more by P. chrysosporium than by T. reesei, the fiber digestibility coefficients of both residues were increased more by T. reesei than by P. chrysosporium. The treatment of both crop residues increased their protein digestibility coefficients significantly compared to the control.
The protein digestibility coefficients of both residues were increased more by T. reesei and P. chrysosporium than by the other fungi. In all treatments, the protein digestibility coefficient of sunflower residue was higher than that
of corn residue. 相似文献
995.
996.
N. Ali E.U. KhanP. Akhter N.U. KhattakF. Khan M.A. Rana 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2011,102(1):35-42
Concentration of radionuclides 210Pb and 7Be, having half lives of 22.3 years and 53.29 days, respectively, in the surface air samples of Islamabad (33.38° N, 73.10° E and Altitude ∼536 m asl.) are measured. The non-destructive technique of gamma-spectrometry, with a high purity germanium HPGe detector, was employed for the analysis of all samples. The annual average concentrations of 210Pb and 7Be in the surface air samples were determined as 0.284 ± 0.15 and 3.171 ± 1.14 mBq m−3, respectively. Our results have shown a seasonal variation of the concentration of 7Be in air samples with high values for the spring season. High concentrations for 210Pb are obtained when air masses originate from plain areas of Pothohar region, located in the South-West, West and North West of Islamabad. Our values of concentrations show a nice agreement with the relevant reported results. 相似文献
997.
Baharuddin MR Sahid IB Noor MA Sulaiman N Othman F 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2011,46(7):600-607
A cross-section analytical study was conducted to evaluate the risk of pesticide exposure to those applying the Class II pesticides 2,4-D and paraquat in the paddy-growing areas of Kerian, Perak, Malaysia. It investigated the influence of weather on exposure as well as documented health problems commonly related to pesticide exposure. Potential inhalation and dermal exposure for 140 paddy farmers (handlers of pesticides) were assessed. Results showed that while temperature and humidity affected exposure, windspeed had the strongest impact on pesticide exposure via inhalation. However, the degree of exposure to both herbicides via inhalation was below the permissible exposure limits set by United States National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Dermal Exposure Assessment Method (DREAM) readings showed that dermal exposure with manual spraying ranged from moderate to high. With motorized sprayers, however, the level of dermal exposure ranged from low to moderate. Dermal exposure was significantly negatively correlated with the usage of protective clothing. Various types of deleterious health effects were detected among users of manual knapsack sprayers. Long-term spraying activities were positively correlated with increasing levels of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) liver enzyme. The type of spraying equipment, usage of proper protective clothing and adherence to correct spraying practices were found to be the most important factors influencing the degree of pesticide exposure among those applying pesticides. 相似文献
998.
"Novel" brominated flame retardants in Belgian and UK indoor dust: implications for human exposure 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Concentrations of several “novel” brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) are reported in indoor dust samples from Belgian houses (n = 39) and offices (n = 6) and from day-care centers and schools in the West Midlands of the UK (n = 36). Using a GC-ECNI/MS method, the following NBFRs were quantified: decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) (range <20-2470 ng g−1), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE) (range <0.5-1740 ng g−1), tetrabromobisphenol A-bis(2,3-dibromopropylether) (TBBPA-DBPE) (range <20-9960 ng g−1), 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (TBB) (range <2-436 ng g−1) and bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) (range <2-6175 ng g−1). Hexachlorocyclopentadienyl-dibromocyclooctane (HCDBCO), another NBFR, was below the detection limit of 2 ng g−1 dust in all dust samples. No correlation was detected between concentrations of NBFRs and PBDEs. The ratio of TBB:TBPH in the dust samples ranged from 0.01 to 4.77 (average 0.42), compared to the ratio present in the commercial flame retardant product FM 550 (TBB:TBPH = 4:1). Furthermore, no correlation was detected between concentrations in dust of TBB and TBPH. This may suggest different sources of these NBFRs, or similar sources but compound-specific differences in their indoor fate and transport. Exposure via dust ingestion was estimated for both adults and toddlers under low-end (5th percentile), typical (median), and high-end (95th percentile concentrations) scenarios. These were calculated assuming 100% absorption of intake dust and using mean dust ingestion (adults = 20 mg d−1; for toddlers = 50 mg d−1) and high dust ingestion (adults = 50 mg d−1; for toddlers = 200 mg d−1). Typical exposure with high dust ingestion estimates for adults were 0.01, 0.2, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.08 ng kg−1 bw d−1 and for toddlers 0.05, 1.9, 0.08, 0.4 and 1.12 ng kg−1 bw d−1 for BTBPE, DBDPE, TBB, TBPH and TBBPA-DBPE, respectively. Our results showed that, similar to PBDEs, toddlers have higher exposure to NBFRs than adults. This study documents the presence of NBFRs in indoor environments, and emphasizes the need to evaluate the health implications of exposure to such chemicals. 相似文献
999.
Ismail Hossain M El-Harbawi M Noaman YA Bustam MA Alitheen NB Affandi NA Hefter G Yin CY 《Chemosphere》2011,84(1):101-104
Eight hydroxylammonium-based room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) have been synthesized by acid-base neutralization of ethanolamines with organic acids. The ILs were characterized by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies and elemental analysis. Their anti-microbial activities were determined using the well-diffusion method. All eight ILs were toxic to Staphylococcus aureus, while 2-hydroxyethylammonium lactate and 2-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylethanaminium acetate showed high anti-microbial activity against a wide range of human pathogens. 相似文献
1000.
Sawdust, one of the materials used as sorbent for removing spilled oil from polluted environments was naturally colonized by hydrocarbon-utilizing fungi, 1 × 105-2 × 105 colony forming units (CFU) g−1, depending on the hydrocarbon substrate. This sorbent was initially free of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria. Incubating wet sawdust at 30 °C resulted in gradually increasing the fungal counts to reach after 6 months between 5 × 106 and 7 × 106 CFU g−1, and the appearance of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria in numbers between 8 × 104 and 3 × 105 cells g−1. The fungi belonged to the genera Candida (32% of the total), Penicillium (21%), Aspergillus (15%), Rhizopus (12%), Cladosporium (9%), Mucor (7%) and Fusarium (4%). Based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences the bacteria were affiliated to Actinobacterium sp. (38%), Micrococcus luteus (30%), Rhodococcus erythropolis, (19%) and Rhodococcus opacus (13%). Individual pure fungal and bacterial isolates grew on a wide range of individual pure aliphatic (n-alkanes with chain lengths between C9 and C40) and aromatic (benzene, biphenyl, anthracene, naphthalene and phenanthrene) hydrocarbons as sole sources of carbon and energy. Quantitative determinations revealed that all fungal and bacterial isolates could consume considerable proportions of crude oil, phenanthrene (an aromatic hydrocarbon) and n-hexadecane (an aliphatic hydrocarbon) in batch cultures. It was concluded that when sawdust is used as a sorbent, the associated microorganisms probably contribute to the bioremediation of oil and hydrocarbon pollutants in the environment. 相似文献