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41.
Jiménez MA Martín-Valdepeñas JM García-Talavera M Martín-Matarranz JL Salas MR Serrano JI Ramos LM 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2011,102(11):995-1007
In the frame of an epidemiological study carried out in the influence areas around the Spanish nuclear facilities (ISCIII-CSN, 2009. Epidemiological Study of The Possible Effect of Ionizing Radiations Deriving from The Operation of Spanish Nuclear Fuel Cycle Facilities on The Health of The Population Living in Their Vicinity. Final report December 2009. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear. Madrid. Available from: http://www.csn.es/images/stories/actualidad_datos/especiales/epidemiologico/epidemiological_study.pdf), annual effective doses to public have been assessed by the Spanish Nuclear Safety Council (CSN) for over 45 years using a retrospective realistic-dose methodology. These values are compared with data from natural radiation exposure. For the affected population, natural radiation effective doses are in average 2300 times higher than effective doses due to the operation of nuclear installations (nuclear power stations and fuel cycle facilities). When considering the impact on the whole Spanish population, effective doses attributable to nuclear facilities represent in average 3.5 × 10−5 mSv/y, in contrast to 1.6 mSv/y from natural radiation or 1.3 mSv/y from medical exposures. 相似文献
42.
Adverse effects in wild fish living downstream from pharmaceutical manufacture discharges 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sanchez W Sremski W Piccini B Palluel O Maillot-Maréchal E Betoulle S Jaffal A Aït-Aïssa S Brion F Thybaud E Hinfray N Porcher JM 《Environment international》2011,37(8):1342-1348
A set of biochemical and histological responses was measured in wild gudgeon collected upstream and downstream of urban and pharmaceutical manufacture effluents. These individual end-points were associated to fish assemblage characterisation. Responses of biotransformation enzymes, neurotoxicity and endocrine disruption biomarkers revealed contamination of investigated stream by a mixture of pollutants. Fish from sampled sites downstream of the industrial effluent exhibited also strong signs of endocrine disruption including vitellogenin induction, intersex and male-biased sex-ratio. These individual effects were associated to a decrease of density and a lack of sensitive fish species. This evidence supports the hypothesis that pharmaceutical compounds discharged in stream are involved in recorded endocrine disruption effects and fish population disturbances and threaten disappearance of resident fish species. Overall, this study gives argument for the utilisation of an effect-based monitoring approach to assess impacts of pharmaceutical manufacture discharges on wild fish populations. 相似文献
43.
van Wezel AP Morinière V Emke E ter Laak T Hogenboom AC 《Environment international》2011,37(6):1063-1067
The application of engineered nanomaterials increases strongly. Development of analytical techniques and their application to environmental samples is essential for human and environmental risk assessment of the nanoparticles. The objective of this study was to develop a sensitive analytical method to quantify nC(60) in water, using accurate mass screening liquid chromatography-hybrid linear ion trap Orbitrap mass spectrometry. nC(60) can be transformed by oxidation, reduction and photochemical reaction. Therefore, the formation of some transformation products of nC(60) was studied as well. Finally, the developed analytical method was applied to surface water samples from several locations in the Netherlands. The developed method enabled to detect and quantify aqueous concentrations of the summed nC(60) and its transformation products as low as 5 ng/L. It was observed that nC(60) transformation products exceed quantities of the parent C(60). Despite the high sensitivity of the developed method, no nC(60) or transformation products were detected in an array of Dutch surface waters. This might be due to low emissions, losses in the aqueous phase by sedimentation, sorption or further transformation processes. 相似文献
44.
Guerrero Hernandez Alejandro Sallyth de Arruda Lúcia Valéria Ramos 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(9):12842-12866
Environment, Development and Sustainability - A developing country that does not have adequate energy solutions in non-interconnected zones (ZNIs) undoubtedly experiences adverse effects in terms... 相似文献
45.
Marc Gracia Nacima Meghelli Lluís Comas Javier Retana 《Regional Environmental Change》2011,11(2):349-358
The current state of Mediterranean mountain areas has been driven by two main factors: intense traditional human activity
and the dynamics of the ecosystem itself. In this study, we examine land-cover changes in a National Park in the Pyrenees
mountains (NE Iberian Peninsula), which was designated a protected area 55 years ago. First, we have analyzed spatio-temporal
changes in land-cover pattern and forest dynamics from 1957 to 2005. During this period, land-cover dynamics consisted of
two main processes: (i) expansion of the forest area and (ii) increasing cover of forests already present in 1957. To analyze
the role of the conservation level of the park, we have also compared the results obtained within the park with those of unprotected,
peripheral areas. In the two areas with different protection level, dense forests increased throughout the period because
of the reduction in forestry activities. The peripheral area showed a higher rate of forest-cover change from 1957 to 2005
compared to the National Park. This higher increase in forest cover in the peripheral area could be related to a higher proportion
in the National Park of screes and rocky areas and to the decline and transformation of forest activities in these peripheral,
lower elevation areas. 相似文献
46.
47.
Zandra C. Deans Anil Biricik Martine De Rycke Gary L. Harton Miroslav Hornak Farrah Khawaja Céline Moutou Jan Traeger-Synodinos Pamela Renwick 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(4):506-515
Objective
Genomics Quality Assessment has provided external quality assessments (EQAs) for preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for 12 years for eight monogenic diseases to identify sub-optimal PGT strategies, testing and reporting of results, which can be shared with the genomics community to aid optimised standards of PGT services for couples.Method
The EQAs were provided in two stages to mimic end-to-end protocols. Stage 1 involved DNA feasibility testing of a couple undergoing PGT and affected proband. Participants were required to report genotyping results and outline their embryo testing strategy. Lymphoblasts were distributed for mock embryo testing for stage 2. Submitted clinical reports and haplotyping results were assessed against peer-ratified criteria. Performance was monitored to identify poor performance.Results
The most common testing methodology was short tandem repeat linkage analysis (59%); however, the adoption of single nucleotide polymorphism-based platforms was observed and a move from blastomere to trophectoderm testing. There was a variation in testing strategies, assigning marker informativity and understanding test limitations, some clinically unsafe. Critical errors were reported for genotyping and interpretation.Conclusion
EQA provides an overview of the standard of preimplantation genetic testing-M clinical testing and identifies areas of improvement for accurate detection of high-risk embryos. 相似文献48.
Dr J. L. Carrasco Juan A. Otero Gómez M. C. Vilar Mesa J. L. García Miranda J. M. Troyano Luque O. Morales Ruiz J. Parache Hernández 《黑龙江环境通报》1989,9(6):443-445
A dicentric X chromosome was found in a female fetus during cytogenetic studies performed on amniotic cells. Blood samples from the parents showed normal karyotypes and the pregnancy was terminated. The mechanism for the formation of this ‘de novo’ rearrangement is discussed. 相似文献
49.
Laura Rodríguez-Loeches Alejandro Barro Martha Pérez Frank Coro 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2009,96(4):531-536
Both sexes of Phoenicoprocta capistrata have functional tymbals. The scanning electron microscopy revealed differences in the morphology of these organs in males
and females. Male tymbals have a well-developed striated band, constituted by 21 ± 2 regularly arranged striae whereas female
tymbals lack a striated band. This type of sexual dimorphism is rare in Arctiidae. The recording of the sound produced by
moths held by the wings revealed that while males produced trains of pulses organized in modulation cycles, females produced
clicks at low repetition rate following very irregular patterns. Statistically, there are differences between sexes in terms
of the duration of pulses, which were 355 ± 24 μs in the case of males and 289 ± 29 μs for females. The spectral characteristics
of the pulses also show sexual dimorphism. Male pulses are more tuned (Q
10 = 5.2 ± 0.5) than female pulses (Q
10 = 2.7 ± 0.5) and have a higher best frequency (42 ± 1 kHz vs. 29 ± 2 kHz). To our knowledge, this is the first report on
an arctiid moth showing sexual dimorphism in tymbal’s anatomy that leads to a best frequency dimorphism. Males produce sound
at mating attempts. The sounds recorded during mating are modulation cycles with the same spectral characteristics as those
recorded when males are held by the wings. The morphological and acoustic features of female tymbals could indicate a process
of degeneration and adaptation to conditions under which the emission of complex patterns is not necessary.
Frank Coro no longer works at Universidad de La Habana. 相似文献
50.
Johannes Kroiss Erhard Strohm Cédric Vandenbem Jean-Pol Vigneron 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2009,96(8):983-986
Chrysidid wasps in the subfamily Chrysidinae are brood parasitoids or cleptoparasites of other insects and famous for their
cuticular iridescence. In this study, we examine the dorsal abdominal cuticle of the chrysidid wasp Hedychrum rutilans to identify the underlying color mechanism. Using scanning electron microscopy, reflectance spectral analysis, and theoretical
calculations, we demonstrate the presence of an epicuticular multilayer reflector consisting of six lamellae with a thickness
of 185 nm each. The lamellae exhibit a rough surface probably functioning as spacers between the individual layers. The reflector
has a measured reflectance maximum at λ = 630 nm, i.e., in the red part of the visible spectrum of light at normal incidence and the reflectance maximum shifts to
green as the angle of incidence increases. Complementary theoretical modeling corroborates the view that the epicuticular
multilayer generates the iridescent color of the chrysidid cuticle.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献