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151.
gnes Vri Simone A. Podschun Tibor Ers Thomas Hein Beta Pataki Ioan-Cristian Ioj Cristian Mihai Adamescu Almut Gerhardt Tams Gruber Anita Dedi Milo iri Bojan Gavrilovi Andrs Bldi 《Ambio》2022,51(1):135
Freshwater ecosystems are among the most threatened in the world, while providing numerous essential ecosystem services (ES) to humans. Despite their importance, research on freshwater ecosystem services is limited. Here, we examine how freshwater studies could help to advance ES research and vice versa. We summarize major knowledge gaps and suggest solutions focusing on science and policy in Europe. We found several features that are unique to freshwater ecosystems, but often disregarded in ES assessments. Insufficient transfer of knowledge towards stakeholders is also problematic. Knowledge transfer and implementation seems to be less effective towards South-east Europe. Focusing on the strengths of freshwater research regarding connectivity, across borders, involving multiple actors can help to improve ES research towards a more dynamic, landscape-level approach, which we believe can boost the implementation of the ES concept in freshwater policies. Bridging these gaps can contribute to achieve the ambitious targets of the EU’s Green Deal. 相似文献
152.
Vullo DL Ceretti HM Hughes EA Ramírez S Zalts A 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,105(1-3):81-97
Las Catonas stream (Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area) receives a complex mixture of pollutants from point and diffuse sources because of the agricultural, industrial and urban land uses of its basin. Widespread detection of heavy metals exceeding aquatic life protection levels has occurred in monitoring reconnaissance studies in surface and pore water. As a result of the screening of Cu, Cd, Zn and Pb resistant/tolerant and culturable microbiota, B101N and 200H strains (Pseudomonas fluorescens or putida) were isolated and selected for further studies. They showed 65% Cd and 35% Zn extraction efficiency from aqueous phase. The potential use of these strains in wastewater treatment is currently investigated in order to contribute to decrease heavy metal pollution, a problem affecting every stream of Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. 相似文献
153.
154.
Doris Preininger Markus Boeckle Anita Freudmann Iris Starnberger Marc Sztatecsny Walter Hödl 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2013,67(9):1449-1456
Many animals use multimodal (both visual and acoustic) components in courtship signals. The acoustic communication of anuran amphibians can be masked by the presence of environmental background noise, and multimodal displays may enhance receiver detection in complex acoustic environments. In the present study, we measured sound pressure levels of concurrently calling males of the Small Torrent Frog (Micrixalus saxicola) and used acoustic playbacks and an inflatable balloon mimicking a vocal sac to investigate male responses to controlled unimodal (acoustic) and multimodal (acoustic and visual) dynamic stimuli in the frogs’ natural habitat. Our results suggest that abiotic noise of the stream does not constrain signal detection, but males are faced with acoustic interference and masking from conspecific chorus noise. Multimodal stimuli elicited greater response from males and triggered significantly more visual signal responses than unimodal stimuli. We suggest that the vocal sac acts as a visual cue and improves detection and discrimination of acoustic signals by making them more salient to receivers amidst complex biotic background noise. 相似文献
155.
In the present study different doses (0.05, 2.0 and 5.0?mg per 30?ml nutrient medium) of nano-powder (Azadirachta indica leaves) were applied in Cd contaminated (6?ppm) hydroponic system to regulate the metal uptake in Triticum aestivum (wheat) seedlings. Other physiological attributes including oxidative biomarkers, antioxidants and photosynthetic responses were also assessed. The level of Cd was maximally reduced at the dose of 2.0?mg nano powder per 30?ml nutrient medium by 45 and 49% in the shoot and root, respectively. With the maximum reduction in the Cd uptake at this dose, the generation of oxidative stress markers such as H2O2 (12%), MDA (26%) and SOR (20%) content showed maximum reduction in treated seedlings. At different doses of nano-powder, the activities of antioxidative enzymes were also showed significant variation. Further, the photosynthetic O2 evolution rate was improved with the treatment of nano-powder and the best response was noted at 2.0?mg per 30?ml nutrient medium with the maximum value of fresh shoot biomass (38%). The overall results suggest that, this technique could be easily applied for reducing the metal content and increasing the quality of agricultural crops. 相似文献
156.
In this study the ecological importance of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.; Asteraceae) was investigated in in vitro bioassays as it is one of the most widespread annual weeds occurring on arable land in Hungary. Eight fractions were derived from ragweed inflorescence water extract by low vacuum column chromatography and their biological activity was investigated by Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. cv. Edit (Amaranthaceae) germination bioassay. As a result of the germination bioassay the chromatographic method was modified to harvest the most effective fractions in only one fraction, which was used in three concentration (10, 50, 100 mg x kg(-1)) for algal growth inhibition bioassay.Results showed significant growth inhibition in case of both applied algal species. 相似文献
157.
158.
Anita Milman 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2006,49(4):587-604
Federal and many state agencies are required to perform environmental justice analyses of their policies prior to implementing them to prevent undue impacts on low income and minority populations. However, little academic attention has been paid to the quality of these ex-ante environmental justice analyses. This investigation evaluates the methods used to perform environmental justice analyses during siting and permitting processes. The study uses both the California Energy Commission guidelines for environmental justice analyses and a method that geographically maps air pollution to perform ex-ante environmental justice analyses of three power plants. The objective is to see if results from using these two analysis methods differ substantially. Findings indicate that the mapping technique employed represents a substantial improvement over defining the impacted population using proximity methods because it accounts for the geographical distribution of the hazard. Furthermore, using multiple comparison benchmarks to determine whether the impacted population constitutes an environmental justice population improves upon existing methods by accounting for the spatial distribution of minority and low income populations and for the possibility that there is a relatively high or relatively low percentage of low income and minority persons in both the impacted and comparison regions. 相似文献
159.
Stine Aakre Ilona Banaszak Reinhard Mechler Dirk Rübbelke Anita Wreford Harvir Kalirai 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2010,15(7):721-736
Increasing losses from weather related extreme events coupled with limited coping capacity suggest a need for strong adaptation
commitments, of which public sector responses to adjustments to actual and expected climate stimuli are key. The European
Commission has started to address this need in the emerging European Union (EU) climate adaptation strategy; yet, a specific
rationale for adaptation interventions has not clearly been identified, and the economic case for adaptation to extremes remains
vague. Basing the diagnosis on economic welfare theory and an empirical analysis of the current EU and member states’ roles
in managing disaster risk, we discuss how and where the public sector may intervene for managing climate variability and change.
We restrict our analysis to financial disaster management, a domain of adaptation intervention, which is of key concern for
the EU adaptation strategy. We analyse three areas of public sector interventions, supporting national insurance systems,
providing compensation to the affected post event as well as intergovernmental loss sharing through the EU solidarity fund,
according to the three government functions of allocation, distribution, and stabilization suggested by welfare theory, and
suggest room for improvement. 相似文献
160.
Pui Wah Hui Yin Kwan Mok Ho Ming Luk Sandy Leung Kuen Au Eunice Yuen Ting Lau Brian Chung Anita Sik Yau Kan 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(10):1366-1369
Prenatal testing was performed in a 39-year-old Chinese pregnant woman referred for increased nuchal translucency measuring 5.7 mm. Non-invasive prenatal testing and SNP array study on amniotic fluid samples were normal. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was initiated further as the fetus had pericardial effusion of 1.2 mm, thickened myocardium over the right ventricular lateral wall and aberrant right subclavian artery. A detailed fetal echocardiogram also revealed persistent left superior vena cava and dilated coronary sinus at 20 weeks. From whole exome sequencing of the trio, a de novo heterozygous variant NM_005359.5(SMAD4): c.1499T>C (p.Ile500Thr) was detected. This pathogenic variant has been reported in the postnatal case cohort of Myhre syndrome. This condition is characterized by facial dysmorphism, intellectual disability, hearing loss, skeletal abnormalities and potential life threatening respiratory or cardiovascular manifestations. Termination of pregnancy was performed at 23 weeks. Small chins, pre-axial polydactyly, brachydactyly and clinodactyly were noted in the abortus. Ultrasound findings of increased nuchal translucency, thickened myocardium and pericardial effusion prompted further genetic evaluation for the prenatal diagnosis of Myhre syndrome by whole exome sequencing. 相似文献