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81.
82.
Regnery Julia Friesen Anton Geduhn Anke Göckener Bernd Kotthoff Matthias Parrhysius Pia Petersohn Eleonora Reifferscheid Georg Schmolz Erik Schulz Robert S. Schwarzbauer Jan Brinke Marvin 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(1):215-240
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Anticoagulant rodenticides are used worldwide to control commensal rodents for hygienic and public health reasons. As anticoagulants act on all vertebrates, risk... 相似文献
83.
Giorio Chiara Safer Anton Sánchez-Bayo Francisco Tapparo Andrea Lentola Andrea Girolami Vincenzo van Lexmond Maarten Bijleveld Bonmatin Jean-Marc 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(10):11716-11748
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - With the exponential number of published data on neonicotinoids and fipronil during the last decade, an updated review of literature has been... 相似文献
84.
N. Aberle Thomas Hansen Ruth Boettger-Schnack Antje Burmeister Anton F. Post Ulrich Sommer 《Marine Biology》2010,157(1):157-169
Mesozooplankton communities in the meso-oligotrophic Gulf of Aqaba, Northern Red Sea, were investigated over a 2 years period
(2005–2007) with emphasis on the trophodynamic relations among different taxonomic groups ranging from primary consumers to
carnivorous predators. Based on stable isotope analyses, we present evidence for a strong contribution of ‘new’ nitrogen mainly
derived from the utilization of aerosol nitrate by unicellular cyanobacteria especially during summer stratification and the
propagation of exceptionally low δ15N onto higher trophic levels. In contrast, N2-fixation by diazotrophs seemed to play a minor role, while the utilization of deep water nitrate by cyanobacteria and eukaryotic
algae might be of importance during winter mixing. Based on 15N enrichment of consumers, clear differences between exclusively herbivorous organisms (doliolids, appendicularians, pteropods)
and those with omnivorous feeding modes were detected. The category of omnivores comprised a large variety of taxons ranging
from small meroplanktonic larvae to non-calanoid copepods (harpacticoids, cyclopoids and poecilostomatoids) that together
form a diverse and complex community with overlapping feeding modes. In addition, distinct seasonality patterns in δ15N of copepods were found showing elevated trophic positions during periods of winter mixing, which were most pronounced for
non-calanoid copepods. In general, feeding modes of omnivores appeared rather unselective, and relative contributions of heterotrophic
protists and degraded material to the diets of non-calanoid copepods are discussed. At elevated trophic positions, four groups
of carnivore predators were identified, while calanoid copepods and meroplanktonic predators showing lowest 15N enrichment within the carnivores. The direct link between ‘new’ nitrogen utilization by primary producers and the 15N enrichment of consumers in the planktonic food web of the Gulf of Aqaba emphasizes the significant contribution of ‘new’
nitrogen to the nitrogen budget and ecosystem functions in subtropical and tropical oligotrophic oceans. 相似文献
85.
The current spatial pattern of a population is the result of previous individual birth, death, and dispersal events. We present a simple model followed by a comparative analysis for a species-rich plant community to show how the current spatial aggregation of a population may hold information about recent population dynamics. Previous research has shown how locally restricted seed dispersal often leads to stronger aggregation in less abundant populations than it does in more abundant populations. In contrast, little is known about how changes in the local abundance of a species may affect the spatial distribution of individuals. If the level of aggregation within a species depends to some extent on the abundance of the species, then changes in abundance should lead to subsequent changes in aggregation. However, an overall change of spatial pattern relies on many individual birth and death events, and a surplus of deaths or births may have short-term effects on aggregation that are opposite to the long-term change predicted by the change in abundance. The change in aggregation may therefore lag behind the change in abundance, and consequently, the current aggregation may hold information about recent population dynamics. Using an individual-based simulation model with local dispersal and density-dependent competition, we show that, on average, recently growing populations should be more aggregated than shrinking populations of the same current local abundance. We tested this hypothesis using spatial data on individuals from a long-term tropical rain forest plot, and find support for this relationship in canopy trees, but not in understory and shrub species. On this basis we argue that current spatial aggregation is an important characteristic that contains information on recent changes in local abundance, and may be applied to taxonomic groups where dispersal is limited and within-species aggregation is observed. 相似文献
86.
Sergey Kholodkevich Andrey Sharov Tatiana Kuznetsova Anton Kurakin Danijela Joksimović Marko Nikolić 《Chemistry and Ecology》2019,35(7):631-643
The aim of this work was to validate in the field certain measurement of the heart rate alterations of the bioindicator organism Mytilus galloprovicialis as a tool for ecotoxicological biomonitoring and assessment applications related to coastal and marine environment. The latter was determined by testing the mussels according to the method of functional loading (1-hour lowered salinity stress-exposure). The time of heart rate (HR) recovery (Trec) and the coefficient of HR variation (CVHR) in a group of tested animals were used as biomarkers for the assessment of their physiological state. It was found that the values of the biomarkers in mussels from our reference location were 1.3-1.5 times lower than in mussels from differently polluted coastal areas of the Bay. The study also included an investigation of the relationship between the mussel’s cardiac rhythm characteristics and the bioaccumulation of trace elements in their soft tissues, caused by chronic pollution. The conclusion was drawn that this approach to the physiological testing of mussels could be useful in developing a rapid and low-cost method for the assessment of the health of coastal ecosystems. 相似文献
87.
Knegtering E Drees JM Geertsema P Huitema HJ Uiterkamp AJ 《Environmental management》2005,36(6):862-871
Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) should ideally help minimize adverse effects on biological diversity by considering
impacts of projects on wide ranges of species. This paper investigates how recent Dutch EIAs included the species comprising
animal diversity. We present results of two studies on fauna data used in the EIAs. Objectives were to determine for different
taxa (a) the relative representation of species in Environmental Impact Statements (EISs); (b) the extent to which EISs referred
to specific species and the accuracy of survey data referred to; and (c) apparent roles of different EIA actors in species
inclusion. EIAs were found to use data on various taxa but on limited numbers of species. The frequency with which taxa were
included varied significantly. Birds were most frequently included, followed by mammals, amphibians, and other species groups.
The quality of data on birds exceeded that regarding other vertebrates. Our results indicate that (a) EIA working groups of
independent experts were the most influential in determining the data to be used; (b) on average, proponents included data
more often than required by guidelines; and (c) in 30 to 40% of the EIAs, the participation of nongovernmental organizations
prompted use of data. Despite the key role of experts in data inclusion, the taxon rankings found in the EIAs showed little
deviation from those observed in studies on people’s preferences for species. Given the limited ranges of species considered,
it is doubtful that the EIAs examined effectively contributed to conserving animal species diversity.
Edo Knegtering produced this work in his personal capacity 相似文献
88.
Using the methodology of policy capturing, this research identifies the role that performance, time on the job, commitment of long-term employment and employability play in judgment of termination fairness and employer obligations. Previous research (Rousseau and Anton, 1988) found that seniority and past commitments of long-term employment contributed significantly to judgments of termination fairness and obligation. The present study considered these variables along with performance (past, present and future potential) using 116 participants in human resource management courses. Results indicated that present performance, time on the job, and commitments affect judgments regarding termination fairness and obligation. Past and future performance, however, had no impact on these judgments. Implications of the findings for understanding employer and employee obligations are discussed. 相似文献
89.
There is a lack of information regarding persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in soil from Slovakia. This paper reports the concentrations of 17 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), 12 dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) and 6 indicator PCBs associated with 32 soil samples collected in 2007 from areas in the vicinity up to several kilometres from four selected industrial PCDD/F sources in Slovakia and one background area.The results show that the total WHO1998-PCDD/F/dl-PCB-TEQ concentrations varied from 0.34 to 18.05 pg g−1 dry weight (dw) and the average total TEQ concentrations in samples collected at the Šala, Košice, Krompachy and Dubová areas were 3.18, 2.64, 7.80, and 3.19 pg g−1 dw respectively. The average of the total WHO1998-TEQ values in three soil samples representing the background Starina area was 0.66 pg g−1 dw. The predominant contaminants among 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/Fs, dl-PCB, and indicator PCBs was OCDD, PCB 118, and PCB 153 respectively. The major contributors to the TEQ were 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF, PCB 126, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD, PCB 156 and 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF + 1,2,3,4,7,9-HxCDF in descending order. 相似文献
90.
Langer P Tajtáková M Kocan A Petrík J Koska J Ksinantová L Rádiková Z Ukropec J Imrich R Hucková M Chovancová J Drobná B Jursa S Vlcek M Bergman A Athanasiadou M Hovander L Shishiba Y Trnovec T Seböková E Klimes I 《Chemosphere》2007,69(1):118-127
We examined 2,046 adults (834 males and 1,212 females aged 20-75 years) from polluted district in East Slovakia (POLL) and two neighboring upstream and upwind located districts of background pollution (BCGR). By ultrasound we estimated the thyroid volume (ThV), hypoechogenicity (HYE), nodules and cysts. Serum levels of thyrotropin (TSH), thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOab) and thyroglobulin were estimated by electrochemiluminiscent assay and these of 15 PCB congeners, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and hexachlorocyclohexane by high-resolution gas chromatography. In 320 subjects also selected hydroxylated and methylsulfonated PCB metabolites, polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins (PCDDs), -furans (PCDFs), five dioxin-like coplanar and eight mono-ortho PCB congeners were estimated. Urinary iodine was measured by automatic microplate method. Reciprocal positive association was found between three major POPs (PCBs, DDE and HCB), the levels of these and also PCDDs plus PCDFs in polluted area being considerably higher than in background pollution area. ThV in groups of males and females from POLL with high PCBs level was significantly higher (p<0.001 by t-test) then in age and sex matched groups from BCGR with low PCBs level. In 1,048 males and females aged <60 years with serum PCBs level >1,000 ng g(-1) lipid (median=1,756 ng g(-1)) a significant effect of age on ThV was found (p<0.01 by ANOVA), while in 921 respective subjects with PCBs level <1,000 ng g(-1) (median=661 ng g(-1)) it was not. These findings supported the view on the additional effect of PCBs on ThV other than that of age. Since the urinary iodine in both districts showed optimal range, any interfering effect of unsatisfactory iodine intake on ThV may be excluded. The frequency of autoimmune thyroiditis signs such as HYE, increased serum level of TPOab and TSH resulting in subclinical or overt thyroid hypofunction was positively associated with sex, age and organochlorine levels. The increase of such frequency in males with POPs levels was much more abrupt than that in females. No considerable differences in the frequency of thyroid nodules as related to PCBs level were found. 相似文献