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61.
PLS and PCR Methods in the Assessment of Coastal Water Quality 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Aguilera P. A. Garrido Frenich A. Castro H. Martinez Vidal J. L. 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2000,62(2):193-204
Partial least squares regression analysis (PLS) and principal component regression analysis (PCR) were examined asmethodological procedures for assessing the quality of coastalwaters in a tourist area. Four variables related to the trophicstate of waters, namely nitrate, nitrite, ammonia and phosphate were analyzed. The models resulting from PLS and PCR were verysimilar. Both defined three groups of water masses characterizedby different nutrient loadings. These groups were in accordancewith those obtained by numerical classification. The PLS methodwas selected as the optimal model, on the basis of its lowerprediction errors (lower Press and Rmsd values). For managementpurposes, this statistical model allows mesotrophic conditions,reflecting some nutrient enrichment over background conditions,to be characterized and the successful diagnosis of additionalsamples within this context. 相似文献
62.
Garrido I. Ortega A. Hernández M. Fernández-Pozo L. Cabezas J. Espinosa F. 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2021,43(4):1367-1383
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Antimony is a toxic element whose concentration in soil and water has been rising due to anthropogenic activities. This study focuses on its accumulation in... 相似文献
63.
M.?V.?Garrido O.?R.?ChaparroEmail author R.?J.?Thompson O.?Garrido J.?M.?Navarro 《Marine Biology》2012,159(5):987-1000
Mulinia edulis and Mytilus chilensis are suspension-feeding bivalves with homorhabdic gills that live in different sedimentary habitats in the lower and upper
intertidal, respectively, in Yaldad Bay, Chile. They are faced with different suspended particle size distributions when feeding,
and both eliminate most of the inorganic particles by pseudofaeces production. This study used histology, scanning and transmission
electron microscopy, and video endoscopy to compare particle processing on the labial palps and the mechanisms of particle
sorting, acceptance, and rejection in the two species. In both species, disaggregation of mucus-bound particles occurs on
the plicate surface of the palps. Particles destined for ingestion pass anteriorly from crest to crest and reach the mouth
via the palp acceptance tract. Those destined for rejection enter the troughs between the plicae and move ventrally to the
palp rejection tract. The palps manipulate the pseudofaeces into a mucous ball, which is transferred to the mantle rejection
tract. In Mulinia edulis (an infaunal, siphonate mactrid), the pseudofaeces are stored in a chamber at the base of the inhalant siphon until expelled
by intermittent contraction of the siphon wall. In contrast, Mytilus chilensis (an epifaunal, non-siphonate mytilid) releases pseudofaeces continuously when submerged. 相似文献
64.
Carolina Briones Ricardo Gui?ez Orlando Garrido Pablo A. Oyarzún Jorge E. Toro Montse Pérez 《Marine Biology》2012,159(8):1865-1870
For the first time in a marine bivalve species, geographic intraspecific variation in sperm morphology in the Chilean mussel, Perumytilus purpuratus, is reported. Samples were obtained in December 2010 from the rocky intertidal at three locations: Antofagasta (23o44′01.08′′S, 70o26′26.11′′W), Valparaíso (32o57′23.07′′S, 71o33′01.86′′W), and Valdivia (39°50′44.26′′S, 73°25′51.99′′W). Scanning electron microscopy was used to describe sperm traits, and genetic data were obtained by sequencing a 16S mtDNA 427-bp fragment. The results showed geographic intraspecific variation with two statistically significant patterns of genetically differentiated sperm morphologies. One genetic clade was found for Antofagasta and Valparaíso, displaying a unique sperm morphotype with a short acrosome accounting for 26 % of the head length, and the other from Valdivia, with a larger acrosome occupying 47 % of the head length. These results will lead to new research to distinguish among alternative hypotheses: the presence of cryptic species, incipient speciation, or a polymorphism in sperm traits of P. purpuratus. 相似文献
65.
Araceli Loredo-Treviño Gerardo Gutiérrez-Sánchez Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera Cristóbal N. Aguilar 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2012,20(1):258-265
Plastics are present in a lot of aspects of everyday life. They are very versatile and resistant to microbial attack. Polyurethanes
are used in several industries and are divided in polyester and polyether polyurethanes and there are different types among
them. Despite their microbial resistance, they are susceptible to the attack of fungi and bacteria but the mechanism to elucidate
its biodegradation are unknown. There are reports from bacteria and fungi that are capable of degrading polyurethane but the
studies about the enzymes that attack the plastic are focused on bacterial enzymes only. The enzymes reported are of type
esterase and protease mainly since these enzymes are very unspecific and can recognize some regions in the polyurethane molecule
and hydrolyze it. Fungal enzymes have been studied prior the 1990s decade but recently, some authors report the use of filamentous
fungi to degrade polyurethane and also report some characteristics of the enzymes involved in it. This review approaches polyurethane
biodegradation by focusing on the enzymes reported to date. 相似文献
66.
M. Dolores Basallote Araceli Rodríguez-Romero Manoela R. De Orte T. Ángel DelValls Inmaculada Riba 《Chemistry and Ecology》2018,34(1):1-21
Carbon capture and storage has become a new mitigation option to reduce anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The effects of the CO2-related acidification, associated with unpredictable leaks of CO2 during the operational phases were studied using the Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin-liquid-phase-assays (fertilisation and embryo-larval development tests). Besides to the direct effects of the CO2-associated pH decrease, the possible effects on marine sediment toxicity were studied by exposing the urchin larvae to elutriate of sediments with different metals concentration, which were subjected to various pH treatments. The resulted median toxic effect pH ranged from 6.33?±?0.02 and 6.91?±?0.01 for the egg fertilisation, and between 6.66?±?0.03 and 7.16?±?0.01 for the larval development assays. Concentrations of Co, Zn, As, Cu, and Fe were detected in the sediment elutriates. For all the sediment elutriates tested the amount of the dissolved Zn increased in parallel with the pH reductions. Correlated effects of acidification, biological response, and the presence of dissolved metals were observed in this work evidencing that the most important factor controlling the reduction of egg fertilisation and larval development success was the combined effects of the reduction of pH and the presence of the contaminants (mainly Zn, Co, and As). 相似文献
67.
Oller-Ruiz Ainhoa Garrido Isabel Viñas Pilar Campillo Natalia Fenoll José Hernández-Córdoba Manuel 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2018,16(3):1077-1082
Environmental Chemistry Letters - There is no previous work on the determination of chlorophenoxy acid herbicides in soils. Here we analysed six chlorophenoxy acid herbicides using magnetic solid... 相似文献
68.
Pablo Garrido Lars Edenius Grzegorz Mikusiski Anna Skarin Anna Jansson Carl-Gustaf Thulin 《Ambio》2021,50(1):101
Large herbivores play key roles in terrestrial ecosystems. Continuous defaunation processes have produced cascade effects on plant community composition, vegetation structure, and even climate. Wood-pastures were created by traditional management practices that have maintained open structures and biodiversity for millennia. In Europe, despite the broad recognition of their biological importance, such landscapes are declining due to land-use changes. This calls for finding urgent solutions for wood-pasture conservation. To test whether introducing an ecological replacement of an extinct wild horse could have positive effects on wood-pasture restoration, we designed a 3-year rewilding experiment. Horses created a more open wood-pasture structure by browsing on seedlings and saplings, affected tree composition via selective browsing and controlled the colonization of woody vegetation in grassland-dominated areas. Thus, rewilding could be a potential avenue for wood-pasture restoration and biodiversity conservation. However, such benefits may not materialize without a necessary paradigm and political shift.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s13280-020-01320-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
69.
In situ stabilization of toxic elements in contaminated soils by the addition of amendments is being considered as an effective technique for remediation. In this paper, we performed both kinetics and equilibrium-based sorption experiments of three toxic elements (As, Cd and Tl) in soils amended with two by-products (phosphogypsum and sugar foam, rich in gypsum and calcium carbonate, respectively) to ascertain the feasibility of their application for improving the sorption capacity of As, Cd and Tl from the soil at 25, 35 and 50 °C. Kinetic studies indicated that the sorption follows a pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetics and the sorption is a two-step diffusion process where both film and intraparticle diffusion played important roles in the sorption mechanisms of the elements. The Langmuir isotherms applied for sorption studies showed that the estimated maximum sorption capacity of the elements in control and amended soils decreased in the order of Cd > As > Tl. Using the thermodynamic equilibrium parameters obtained at different temperatures, the thermodynamic constants of sorption (ΔG, ΔH and ΔS) were also evaluated, indicating spontaneous and endothermic nature of the process, except Tl which was exothermic. An optimal scaling procedure was undertaken to determine the relationships between the kinetic and equilibrium sorption parameters. By means of statistical analysis it was seen that these inter-parametric relationships are dependent on the element nature. 相似文献
70.
López Fenández Sonia Amaya Chávez Araceli Serrato Cuevas Rodolfo Gómez Tenorio Germán Roa Morales Gabriela 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2023,25(2):1153-1167
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The aim of this study was to analyze the efficiency of a system of treatment of organic swine waste as a management tool in the transformation of... 相似文献