涕灭威对地下水污染敏感区的预测与区划试点

本文根据涕灭威在室内模拟试验与田间试验的结果，详细剖析了影响涕灭威农药在土壤中残留和移动的各种因子，建立了涕灭威农药对地下水污染的敏感性模型，并就涕灭威农药在江苏使用后对地下水可能造成污染的情况进行了预测与区划试点，结果与用美国环保局提供的ＰＲＺＭ模型计算结果和田间实测结果基本一致，本模型可用于预测涕灭威农药在其它地区使用后对地下水可能造成污染的情况。     

Adsorption of arsenate on soils. Part 1: laboratory batch experiments using 16 Chinese soils with different physiochemical properties

Laboratory batch experiments were carried out to study the adsorption of arsenate on 16 Chinese soils with different physicochemical properties. Wide differences in arsenate adsorption were observed, and the Jiangxi and Hubei soils were more effective sorbents for arsenate than other soils. The Langmuir one-surface and two-surface equations were used to model the arsenate adsorption data. Except for the Jiangxi and Hubei soils, the Langmuir one-surface equation gave reasonably good fits to the arsenate adsorption data. However, the Langmuir two-surface equation generally provided a better fit than the Langmuir one-surface equation. For soils with relative high organic matter (OM), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) or extractable phosphate, the Langmuir one-surface and two-surface equations described the adsorption isotherms similarly. In contrast, for soils with relatively low contents of OM, DOC or extractable phosphate, the Langmuir two-surface equation gave the better fit to the arsenate adsorption data.     

新型湿式湍流除尘器及在电厂输煤系统中的应用

介绍了针对火电厂输煤系统作业环境粉尘治理而研制开发的新型湿式湍流除尘器的设计思路、设备结构、技术特点及在电厂输媒系统的应用情况。     

Shifted power-law relationship between NO2 concentration and the distance from a highway: A new dispersion model based on the wind profile model

In this paper, a shifted power-law model, based on the wind profile model, had been supposed to simulate concentration gradient of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) with distance from a highway. Field experiments were performed for NO₂ gradients from a highway in Shanghai by using passive samplers. The shifted power-law model was fitted well with experimental results of field experiments both in this study and in the literature. The results not only verified the validity of shifted power-law relationship between NO₂ concentration and the distance from a highway, but also partially demonstrated that there were some significant similarities between wind profile and air pollutants concentration profile near highway. With known concentration of chosen reference point and appropriate value of the parameter k, the model could be practically applied for predicting the NO₂ distributions near a highway. The methods of determining the parameter k were also discussed for further detailed studies.     

UV/Fenton法处理间-甲酚废水

利用UV/Fenton工艺对模拟间-甲苯酚废水进行了处理,研究了H2O2加入量、FeSO4加入量、pH、原水初始COD值、环境温度、反应时间等因素对COD去除率的影响.实验表明：间-甲苯酚浓度为100mg/L、初始COD值251 mg/L的废水,在30℃下,pH为4.Q,[H2O2]/[Fe^2＋]=15（质量浓度比）,紫外灯照射3 h后,COD去除率达86.3%,若再经Ca（OH）2絮凝沉降,则COD去除率提高到92.6%.同时,对Fenton及UV/Fenton的处理效果进行了比较,实验表明：UV/Fenton的处理效果明显优于Fenton法.     

可吸入尘中苯并（a）芘超声提取的高效液相色谱测定法

本文介绍一种简便、快速的可吸入尘中苯并(a)茈高效液相色谱测定方法.本法仅需5mL乙腈,超声处理10min即可完成提取过程.提取液离心后,上清液可直接进行HPLC分析.色谱条件:反相C18柱,用乙腈/水梯度洗脱,紫外检测器,λ=254nm.方法的最小检出量10~(-10)g.回收率95%,变异系数4、3%.此方法可用于大气可吸入尘中Bap的监测.     

3OCrMnSiA钢的快速循环球化退火的研究

通过对30CrMnSiA钢的球化退火工艺进行的研究,推荐了一种适用于该材料的最佳快速循环球化退火工艺,不仅节能效果明显,而且工艺操作简单,质量稳定。所得结果对生产中正确选择球化工艺有一定的指导意义。     

协调视角下长三角城市群的空间结构演变与优化

以城市群为主体优化城镇化空间布局是构建国土空间规划体系的重要内容,空间优化的本质旨在促进城市群内部大中小城市协调发展。以长三角城市群为案例,在测度2001-2016年长三角城市群26个城市的城镇化协调水平基础上,运用社会网络和多维尺度分析等方法,分析和识别城镇化协调关系及其空间结构和内在演变机理。结果表明：（1）随着长三角城市群的城镇化协调水平提高,城市群内部的高协调城市逐渐显现出以上海为核心的“Z型”分布态势,低协调城市则稳定分布在长三角城市群扩容后的范围;（2）根据城镇化协调水平的关联强度划分长三角城市群的凝聚子群,凝聚子群的加权平均中心度和联系密度增大后,上海极化效应更加明显;（3）从城镇化协调关系的空间和时间两个维度识别城市群空间结构,长三角城市群从在空间距离影响下以省会城市为中心的“圈层”结构,变形为在时间距离影响下的“核心—边缘”结构;（4）人口、土地和经济城镇化三者协调水平的变化影响着长三角城市群空间结构演变,相较人口与经济城镇化,土地城镇化对城镇化协调关系的加强具有显著促进作用。从协调视角剖析长三角城市群的空间结构并提出优化政策,有助于中国现有资源环境承载能力条件下城市群一体化建设和空间资源的高效利用。     

除草剂拉索对地下水影响研究

研究了除草剂拉索在滨海冲积沙壤中的残留及其对浅层地下水的影响，并用ＰＲＺＭ模型进行计算机模拟．两年连续试验结果表明，拉索在施药区内的浅层地下水中均有检出．在施药区外１０ｍ处，施药６０ｄ后亦有检出．降雨对其移动影响显著．拉索在土壤中残留动态的田间测定结果与计算机模拟基本一致．根据现有结果认为，拉索可在我国使用，但使用地区应作适当限制．     

火焰原子吸收法测定人体元素含量的研究

应用火焰原子吸收法，对123个人体发样中微量元素铜、铅、锌、铁、钙进行测定。分析微量元素在不同年龄段含量变化情况和原因，对其进行探讨，并提出自己对儿童成长过程中微量元素含量变化的建议和看法。