环保工程项目经理管理方法与实践

阐述了项目经理管理的必要性，分析了环保工程的特点。针对环保工程的特殊性，提出项目经理的管理职能，内容和方法，最后，通过工程实例，说明了环保工程项目经理管理的成效。     

改性火山岩生物滤料对微生物吸附实验研究

采用酸处理、铁盐处理和铝盐处理火山岩滤料,并将未处理的和改性的3种滤料分别在30℃、60 rpm/min条件下吸附恶臭假单胞菌野生菌和重组菌,通过测量OD600值的变化,比较它们的吸附效果。结果表明:它们的吸附率随时间延长而增大,3.5 h后对野生菌的吸附率分别为27.70%、34.84%、36.83%和31.69%,对重组菌的吸附率分别为31.65%、37.31%、38.23%和35.25%。3种改性滤料都有较好的吸附效果,每克滤料吸附野生菌菌数分别为0.308×1010个、0.363×1010个、0.372×1010个、0.340×1010个;吸附重组菌菌数分别为,0.704×1010个、0.885×1010个、0.936×1010个、0.805×1010个,其中铁膜滤料吸附效果最好。把微生物吸附在滤料上处理废水,能结合它们处理废水的优势,且可以回收滤料,为研究改性滤料固定化微生物在废水处理中的作用和效果上提供实验依据。     

城市污泥的土地利用与防止重金属污染的研究进展

介绍了目前城市污泥的土地利用的主要方式,评述了近年来国内外城市污泥应用于农业生态系统,草地生态系统,森林生态系统的研究进展。简要介绍了重金属的去处方法,在此基础上,提出了今后研究去除城市污泥中重金属方法的方向。     

有机负荷对除磷颗粒污泥的培养及特性的影响

采用SBR反应器,以厌氧/好氧方式运行,控制SBR反应器内好氧反应时段饱食期溶解氧水平在1.0～2.0 mg/L之间,研究有机负荷对除磷颗粒污泥的培养及其除磷特性的影响.结果表明,当有机负荷（以COD计）为0.482～0.986 kg/（m^3·d）时,SBR内的污泥为大量絮体状污泥和少量形状规则的颗粒污泥的混合物;当...     

市政污水处理厂事故水池设计及配套应急响应措施

与普通工矿企业的污水处理系统相比,市政污水处理系统规模大、源头广,其配套的事故水池不仅容积大,投资高,而且控制难。本文从动态管理角度,提出了一种市政污水处理厂事故水池的设计方法以及配套应急响应措施,既能有效发挥事故水池的作用,遏制环境事故,又能减少事故水池容积,节省占地与投资。     

A new polystyrene-latex-based and EPS-containing synthetic sludge

Since the living microorganisms in activated sludge continuously change, it is difficult to conduct controlled experiments and achieve reproducible results for evaluating sludge characteristics. Synthetic sludge, as a chemical surrogate to activated sludge, could be used to investigate the sludge physicochemical properties, and it is desirable to prepare synthetic sludge with similar structure and properties to real activated sludge to explore the flocculation and settlement processes in activated sludge systems. In this work, a high-strength synthetic sludge was prepared with functional polystyrene latex particles as the framework and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to modify its surface. The flocculation and settling characteristics of the microspheres and the prepared synthetic sludge were tested. Compared with other three functional polystyrene latex microspheres, the synthetic sludge prepared with EPS-modified polystyrene latex microspheres showed good settling characteristics and a significantly higher strength. They could be used for studying the physicochemical properties of activated sludge.     

海洋大气环境金属防护涂层技术与工艺研究

通过对某沿海工程防腐蚀技术较长时间的研究、试验及腐蚀控制设计,分析了海洋大气环境的主要特点和影响涂层体系防护性能的主要因素。在此基础上,研究了海洋大气环境金属结构涂装防护技术、工艺与主要技术保障措施。     

岩溶区与非岩溶区土壤微生物活性的对比研究

通过野外采样和室内实验,研究了不同地质背景、不同土地利用方式对土壤微生物活性的影响。研究表明,土壤微生物数量、微生物量碳在林地、灌木丛、草丛三种不同的土地利用方式下均表现为岩溶区>非岩溶区;岩溶区土壤微生物数量、微生物量碳表现为林地>灌木丛>草丛;非岩溶区土壤微生物数量表现为草丛>林地>灌木丛,微生物碳表现为林地>草丛>灌木丛。对于同一种土地利用方式,脲酶和蔗糖酶活性均表现为非岩溶区>岩溶区,过氧化氢酶活性表现为岩溶区>非岩溶区;除非岩溶区土壤脲酶活性表现为林地>草丛>灌木丛外,非岩溶区土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶活性及岩溶区土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶活性均表现为林地>灌木丛>草丛。岩溶区土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶活性和非岩溶区土壤蔗糖酶活性能作为土壤较理想的肥力指标。     

Effect of periphyton community structure on heavy metal accumulation in mystery snail (Cipangopaludina chinensis):A case study of the Bai River, China

The ratio of metal:P stoichiometry was used to identify the accumulation pathways of heavy metals (V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd, and Pb) from periphyton to snails Cipangopaludina chinensis Gray (C. chinensis) in the Bai River watershed. The results showed that periphyton communities were mainly composed of two types of algae, filamentous green algae and unicellular diatoms. The proportion of unicellular diatoms in the periphyton community is a key factor that influences metal accumulation in C. chinensis. The V, Cr, Co, Ni, and Cd content of C. chinensis increased steadily as the corresponding metal content of periphyton increased, but Cu and Pb in the snail did not increase in the periphyton. Mechanisms of V, Cr, and Ni accumulation were found to be related to the proportion of diatoms, while Cd and Pb accumulation were dependent on the physiological characteristics of C. chinensis. The accumulation of Cu in C. chinensis was closely related to their grazing behavior. The metal:P stoichiometry revealed that Cr, Ni, and Cd can reduce the potential ecological risks associated with increased P inputs to the ecosystem. V and Co were considered to be relatively safe, regardless of the periphyton P content. Finally, Pb may not be prone to transfer to higher trophic levels, and may pose the lowest ecological risks of the studied heavy metals, but Cu can cause potential ecological risks when eutrophication has occurred.     

Biodegradation of malathion by Acinetobacter johnsonii MA19 and optimization of cometabolism substrates

To enhance the removal efficiency of malathion in the wastewater from organophosphate pesticide mill, a bacterium, Acinetobacter johnsonii MA19, that could degrade malathion with cometabolism was isolated from malathion-polluted soil samples using enrichment culture techniques. Four kinds of additional compounds, sodium succinate, sodium acetate, glucose, and fructose were tested to choose a favorite carbon source for the cometabolism of strain MA19. The results showed that sodium succinate and sodium acetate could promote malathion biodegradation and cell growth. The investigation results of effects of sodium succinate concentrations on the malathion biodegradation indicated that the more sodium succinate supplied resulted in quick degradation ofmalathion and fast cells multiplied. Zero-order kinetic model was appropriate to describe the malathion biodegradation when the concentration of sodium succinate was more than 0.5144 g/L. The degradation rate constant (K) reached the maximum value of 3.5837 mg/(L·h) when the mass ratio of sodium succinate to malathion was 128.6 mg/mg. The aquatic toxicity of the malathion was evaluated using the test organism, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri. The data obtained suggested that the toxicity of malathion could be ignored after 84 h biodegradation. Our result demonstrates the potential for using bacterium A. Johnsonii MA19 for malathion biodegradation and environmental bioremediation when some suitable conventional carbon sources are supplied.