巧用Premiere Pro 2.0 制作艺术倒计时片头

Premiere Pro 2.0 是用于编辑影视作品的专业软件,可以编辑和制作电影、DV、栏目包装、字幕、网络视频、电子相册等.本文介绍了其自带的制作倒计时片头效果模板的使用方法,提出了利用Premiere Pro 2.0视频转场特效结合专业制图软件制作艺术倒计时效果的具体方法.     

论大学生职业生涯教育的现状及其对策

目前,高校对开展大学生职业生涯教育的重要性尚未有足够认识,职业生涯教育和辅导的保障机制也还不够完善,高校课程、专业设置等还不能为职业生涯教育提供有效支持。因此,要不断建立、完善职业生涯教育和辅导体系,推动高校招生教育体制改革,完善大学生职业生涯教育配套机制,以提高高校人才培养质量,促进大学生就业质量和水平,推动高校健康发展。     

NaNO(2)/FeCl(3) catalyzed wet oxidation of the azo dye Acid Orange 7

A combination of ferric chloride and sodium nitrite significantly improved the wet oxidation of the azo dye Acid Orange 7 (AO7) in acid aqueous media (pH 2.6) under moderate conditions (T=150 degrees C; oxygen pressure=0.5 MPa). To evaluate the catalytic system, wet oxidation of AO7 was carried out at temperatures between 90 and 150 degrees C and oxygen pressures ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 MPa. The effect of initial solution pH from 2.6 to 11.4 and the amount of catalyst on the degradation of AO7 were also investigated. AO7 initial concentration was kept 200 mg L(-1). The degradation process was monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy, HPLC, IC (ion chromatography), GC-MS and TOC analysis. At 150 degrees C and 0.5 MPa oxygen pressure, 56% TOC was removed after 4h of treatment, while no obvious TOC removal were achieved without catalyst at the same experimental condition. The main degradation products were some small organic acids: formic acid, acetic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid (identified and quantified by IC) and phthalic acid (identified by GC-MS).     

Decomposition of nitrotoluenes from trinitrotoluene manufacturing process by Electro-Fenton oxidation

Oxidative degradation of dinitrotoluene (DNT) isomers and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in spent acid was conducted by Electro-Fenton's reagents. The electrolytic experiments were carried out to elucidate the influence of various operating parameters on the performance of mineralization of total organic compounds (TOC) in spent acid, including reaction temperature, dosage of oxygen, sulfuric acid concentration and dosage of ferrous ions. It deserves to note that organic compounds could be completely destructed by Electro-Fenton's reagent with in situ electrogenerated hydrogen peroxide obtained from cathodic reduction of oxygen, which was mainly supplied by anodic oxidation of water. Based on the spectra analyzed by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer, it is proposed that initial denitration of 2,4,6-TNT gives rise to formation of 2,4-DNT and/or 2,6-DNT, which undergo the cleavage of nitro group into o-mononitrotoluene, followed by denitration to toluene and subsequent oxidation of the methyl group. Owing to the removal of both TOC and partial amounts of water simultaneously, the electrolytic method established is potentially applied to regenerate spent acid from toluene nitration processes in practice.     

Mechanisms of silicon-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses in higher plants: a review

Although silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element both on the surface of the Earth's crust and in soils, it has not yet been listed among the essential elements for higher plants. However, the beneficial role of Si in stimulating the growth and development of many plant species has been generally recognized. Silicon is known to effectively mitigate various abiotic stresses such as manganese, aluminum and heavy metal toxicities, and salinity, drought, chilling and freezing stresses. However, mechanisms of Si-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses remain poorly understood. The key mechanisms of Si-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses in higher plants include: (1) stimulation of antioxidant systems in plants, (2) complexation or co-precipitation of toxic metal ions with Si, (3) immobilization of toxic metal ions in growth media, (4) uptake processes, and (5) compartmentation of metal ions within plants. Future research needs for Si-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses are also discussed.     

Co-cropping for phyto-separation of zinc and potassium from sewage sludge

The use of sewage sludge as a fertilizer and soil amendment has resulted in high concentrations of heavy metals in the soil limiting its use. The present study was carried out to find the possibility of phyto-separating toxic and beneficial elements from the sludge using suitable plants. Of the five plants tested the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii H achieved the greatest removal of Zn, while shoots of Alocasia marorrhiza accumulated high content of K. Co-cropping these two plants on the sludge verified the previous observations on A. marorrhiza and the shoots of this plant could accumulate more than 120 g K kg(-1) dry matter in the median growth stage. Zn hyperaccumulated in Sedum's shoots to an extent more than 10 g kg(-1) dry matter; K concentrated five to ten times in the Alocasia's shoots which could be used as a good organic-K-fertilizer. Hence, the two elements were simultaneously phytoseparated and could be recycled. Furthermore, cultivation of plants in the sludge resulted in significant decreases in total Zn but kept the favorable agronomic characteristics of the sludge material, such as pH, organic matter content, and NPK concentrations and ameliorated its biological stability. These results suggest that simultaneous phyto-separation of toxic and beneficial elements from sewage sludge are possible by co-cropping using specific plants without the input of any chemicals.     

低温等离子体联合技术降解甲苯气体的研究

以自制的纳米钛酸钡基介电材料为催化剂,以电工陶瓷拉西环为载体,利用介质阻挡放电产生的低温等离子体对常压下流动态含甲苯的空气进行处理,研究了电场强度、空塔气速、甲苯初始浓度及不同填料情况下甲苯的降解及臭氧产生情况,初步探讨了等离子体联合技术降解甲苯的机制,并进行了产物分析.实验结果表明,甲苯降解率随电场强度的提高而上升,随空塔气速和甲苯初始浓度的增加而降低;随反应器内填料变化,甲苯降解率表现为催化剂填料》普通填料》无填料,其降解率最高可达95%.当电场强度》13.0 kV/cm时,臭氧浓度因受到过量的高能电子攻击而发生分解,表现为臭氧浓度随电场强度的继续增加而降低,故最佳电场强度为13.0 kV/cm.当9.0 kV/cm＜电场强度＜13.0 kV/cm,臭氧产量表现为催化剂填料＞普通填料＞无填料,纳米钛酸钡基介电材料大大增强了臭氧的产量.     

喀斯特生态脆弱区农业生态经济系统耦合协调发展研究——以贵州省为例

探究喀斯特地区农业生态经济系统的耦合协调关系与演变趋势,对科学评价该地区生态治理效益与实现农业生态经济协调发展具有重要意义。以典型喀斯特生态脆弱区贵州省为例,基于农业生态环境与农业经济发展数据,构建农业生态系统与农业经济系统的评价指标体系,采用熵权法、耦合协调度模型与耦合度模型定量分析了二者的综合评价指数、耦合协调状态与耦合度演变趋势。结果表明：2000～2019年,贵州省农业生态系统综合评价指数呈现先降后升的变化趋势,农业经济系统综合评价指数则保持稳步上升态势,二者之间由“经济滞后型”逐步演变为“生态滞后型”。农业生态经济系统耦合协调度指数整体呈上升趋势,从0.268 0增长至0.660 6,耦合协调状态由中度失调水平演变为初级协调水平。耦合度呈现由大到小的变化趋势,系统经历了从耗损发展向协调发展的转变,说明贵州省农业生态经济系统显现出趋向协调的发展态势。研究表明,贵州省应继续践行生态优先、绿色发展理念,优化生态环境与经济发展的关系,实现农业生态经济系统的高水平协调发展。     

长江上游山丘区土地承载力研究与评价——以四川省宜宾市为例

我国是一个以山地为主的国家，耕地有限且以山丘坡耕地为主，协调人地关系非常重要。以四川省宜宾市为例，通过土地资源生产潜力和人口数量预测模型的建立，采用环境容量等级系数计算和等级划分方法，对基于水土流失和生态工程建设作用下的长江上游流域山丘区土地利用类型与格局的变化及其它人类活动对土地承载力的影响进行了研究与评价。研究结果表明，宜宾市土地资源的生产潜力在2010、2015、2020年时总体上都能承载3种生活类型条件下的人口数量，3种生活类型下的容量等级基本都在“3”以上，即达到“满足”水平，并呈现出向“富余”水平提高的趋势，这表明尚具有较大潜力和空间的土地承载力是宜宾区域经济发展的有利驱动因素，人类活动对土地承载力产生的影响在可承受的生态阈值之内，为长江上游流域及我国广大山丘地区的生态环境建设和区域发展提供了可靠依据。