全文获取类型
收费全文 | 663篇 |
免费 | 10篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 37篇 |
废物处理 | 31篇 |
环保管理 | 103篇 |
综合类 | 97篇 |
基础理论 | 147篇 |
污染及防治 | 181篇 |
评价与监测 | 49篇 |
社会与环境 | 27篇 |
灾害及防治 | 6篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 8篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 21篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 23篇 |
2014年 | 25篇 |
2013年 | 50篇 |
2012年 | 25篇 |
2011年 | 40篇 |
2010年 | 28篇 |
2009年 | 31篇 |
2008年 | 35篇 |
2007年 | 43篇 |
2006年 | 40篇 |
2005年 | 30篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 24篇 |
2002年 | 24篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 20篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 10篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1961年 | 2篇 |
1959年 | 2篇 |
1958年 | 1篇 |
1957年 | 2篇 |
1953年 | 1篇 |
1935年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有678条查询结果,搜索用时 515 毫秒
221.
Rogers F Arnott P Zielinska B Sagebiel J Kelly KE Wagner D Lighty JS Sarofim AF 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2005,55(5):583-593
Particulate-phase exhaust properties from two different types of ground-based jet aircraft engines--high-thrust and turboshaft--were studied with real-time instruments on a portable pallet and additional time-integrated sampling devices. The real-time instruments successfully characterized rapidly changing particulate mass, light absorption, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content. The integrated measurements included particulate-size distributions, PAH, and carbon concentrations for an entire test run (i.e., "run-integrated" measurements). In all cases, the particle-size distributions showed single modes peaking at 20-40nm diameter. Measurements of exhaust from high-thrust F404 engines showed relatively low-light absorption compared with exhaust from a turboshaft engine. Particulate-phase PAH measurements generally varied in phase with both net particulate mass and with light-absorbing particulate concentrations. Unexplained response behavior sometimes occurred with the real-time PAH analyzer, although on average the real-time and integrated PAH methods agreed within the same order of magnitude found in earlier investigations. 相似文献
222.
Emerging approaches to water resources development and management typically highlight equity and productivity as two main objectives. In the context of integrated water resources management within a river basin, managers and stakeholders often need a comparative assessment of different options for water augmentation and/or allocation. Pitting such options against predefined objectives, such as equity and productivity, requires an assessment of the effects that available options will have on these objectives. Available documentation indicates that not only does the interpretation of such objectives vary widely, but also the available methods for assessing equity and productivity run into significant limitations in the availability of adequate data. This limitation has largely kept decision makers from gaining a comprehensive overview of equity and productivity scenarios, whether within or across sectors, that could facilitate better‐informed decisions. To address this methodological gap, this article scrutinizes different notions associated with equity and water productivity, and limitations in prevalent assessment methods with the view to develop and demonstrate pragmatic methodologies for assessing equity and productivity in data‐scarce contexts. The discussion and findings are based on a review of relevant literature and empirical and consultative research work in the Olifants River basin in South Africa. The demonstrated methodologies for assessing equity and productivity, besides being useful in data‐scarce contexts, are insightful for initiating several policy measures and also for exploring the relationship between equity and water productivity. 相似文献
223.
Barbara Nowak 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1990,14(2-3):347-351
Residues of endosulfan insecticide (-and -isomers, and endosulfan sulphate) were determined in the livers of catfish from a cotton growing area during the summer and winter of 1988. The concentration of total endosulfan residues found in the fish was up to 0.31 mg kg-1 wet wt. It decreased in winter with a maximum 0.02 mg kg-1 wet wt. The difference in endosulfan residues between seasons was statistically significant (ANOVA,p<0.01). 相似文献
224.
225.
226.
Phosphorus speciation in manure-amended alkaline soils 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Two common manure storage practices are stockpiles and lagoons. The manure from stockpiles is applied to soils in solid form, while lagoon manure is applied as a liquid. Soil amendment with manure in any form introduces a significant amount of phosphorus (P) that exists in both organic and inorganic forms. However, little is known about P speciation in manure stored under different conditions, or the subsequent forms when applied to soils. We used solution (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and conventional P fractionation and speciation methods to investigate P forms in dairy manure and liquid lagoon manure, and to study how long-term amendment with these manures influenced surface and subsurface soil P speciation. Our results show that the P forms in solid and lagoon manure are similar. About 30% of the total P was organic, mostly as orthophosphate monoesters. On a dry weight basis, total P was much higher in the solid manure. In the manure-amended soils the total P concentrations of the surface soils were similar, regardless of manure type. Total P in the subsurface soil was greater in the lagoon-manure-amended soil than the solid-manure-amended subsurface soil. However, the fraction of organic P was greater in the subsurface of the solid-manure-amended soil. The NMR results indicate that the majority of organic P in the soils is phytic acid, which is enriched in the surface soils compared with the subsurface soils. These results provide insight into P speciation and dynamics in manure-amended soils that will further increase our understanding on how best to manage manure disposal on soils. 相似文献
227.
Foraging areas of king penguins from Macquarie Island in relation to a marine protected area 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Twenty-three king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) from Macquarie Island were tracked by satellite during the late incubation period in 1998–1999 to determine the overlap
of the foraging zone of king penguins with an area to be declared a marine protected area (MPA) near the island. While all
penguins left the colony in an easterly direction and traveled clockwise back to the island, three penguins foraged in the
northern parts of the general foraging area and stayed north of 56°S. The remaining 20 penguins ventured south and most crossed
59°S before returning to the island. The total foraging area was estimated to be 156,000 km2 with 36,500 km2 being most important (where penguins spent >150 hr in total). North-foraging penguins reached on average 331 ± 24 km from
the colony compared to 530 ± 76 km for the south-foraging penguins. The latter traveled an average total distance of 1313
± 176 km, while the northern foragers averaged 963 ± 166 km. Not only did the penguins spend the majority of their foraging
time within the boundaries of the proposed MPA, they also foraged chiefly within the boundaries of a highly protected zone.
Thus, the MPA is likely to encompass the foraging zone of king penguins, at least during incubation. 相似文献
228.
Faith A. Fitzpatrick Barbara C. Scudder Bernard N. Lenz Daniel J. Sullivan 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2001,37(6):1489-1507
ABSTRACT: The U.S. Geological Survey examined 25 agricultural streams in eastern Wisconsin the determine relations between fish, invertebrate, and algal metrics and multiple spatial scales of land cover, geologic setting, hydrologic, aquatic habitat, and water chemistry data. Spearman correlation and redundancy analyses were used to examine relations among biotic metrics and environmental characteristics. Riparian vegetation, geologic, and hydrologic conditions affected the response of biotic metrics to watershed agricultural land cover but the relations were aquatic assemblage dependent. It was difficult to separate the interrelated effects of geologic setting, watershed and buffer land cover, and base flow. Watershed and buffer land cover, geologic setting, reach riparian vegetation width, and stream size affected the fish IBI, invertebrate diversity, diatom IBI, and number of algal taxa; however, the invertebrate FBI, percentage of EPT, and the diatom pollution index were more influenced by nutrient concentrations and flow variability. Fish IBI scores seemed most sensitive to land cover in the entire stream network buffer, more so than watershed‐scale land cover and segment or reach riparian vegetation width. All but one stream with more than approximately 10 percent buffer agriculture had fish IBI scores of fair or poor. In general, the invertebrate and algal metrics used in this study were not as sensitive to land cover effects as fish metrics. Some of the reach‐scale characteristics, such as width/depth ratios, velocity, and bank stability, could be related to watershed influences of both land cover and geologic setting. The Wisconsin habitat index was related to watershed geologic setting, watershed and buffer land cover, riparian vegetation width, and base flow, and appeared to be a good indicator of stream quality Results from this study emphasize the value of using more than one or two biotic metrics to assess water quality and the importance of environmental characteristics at multiple scales. 相似文献
229.
Assessing the bioavailability of phenanthrene to soil microorganisms using the Tenax extraction method 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Smreczak B Maliszewska-Kordybach B Klimkowicz-Pawlas A 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2008,30(2):183-186
The Tenax TA extraction technique followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) determinations was used to assess
the actually bioavailable fraction of phenanthrene (ABF-Phe) in three different soils freshly contaminated with this compound
at levels of 10, 100, and 1,000 mg kg−1. The results were related to the ecotoxic effect of phenanthrene on soil nitrifying bacteria. Nitrification potential measurements
were applied as an ecotoxicity end point. A strong positive linear relationship (r
2 = 0.95) was obtained between the content of the actually bioavailable phenanthrene fraction and the inhibition of nitrifying
bacteria activity. 相似文献
230.
Sławomir Jaworski Mateusz Hinzmann Ewa Sawosz Marta Grodzik Marta Kutwin Mateusz Wierzbicki Barbara Strojny Krishna P. Vadalasetty Ludwika Lipińska André Chwalibog 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(27):21671-21679
With the rapid development of graphene synthesis and functionalization approaches, graphene and its related derivatives have shown great potential in many applications in material science, including biomedical applications. Several in vitro and in vivo studies clearly showed no definitive risks, while others have indicated that graphene might become health hazards. In this study, we explore the biocompatibility of graphene-related materials with chicken embryo red blood cells (RBC). The hemolysis assay was employed to evaluate the in vitro blood compatibility of reduced graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide, because these materials have recently been used for biomedical applications, including injectable graphene-related particles. This study investigated structural damage, ROS production and hemolysis of chicken embryo red blood cells. Different forms of graphene, when incubated with chicken embryo RBC, were harmful to cell structure and induced hemolysis. 相似文献