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61.
An artificial effluent lagoon for storing wastewater were excavated in Jiayuguan City since 1994. As a part of a demonstration project of Sino-Austmlia cooperation, an assessment of the environmental impact of the lagoon was carried out. The assessment was based on field and laboratory tests and predictive model. The main impacts from the lagoon site are likely to be on the groundwater system, and, to a lesser extent,on ambient air quality in the vicinity. Currently it is expected that groundwater is being pollutod with effluent from the effluent Ingcen. Air pollution(odor nuisance) is mainly caused by untreated effluent in the irrigation channel. The impact of high total dissolved salt(TDS) on groundwater is likely to be significant in the long run if the lagoon is continuously used. There is, consequently, no likelihood of contamination of surface water system, particularly of the city water supply system, from infiltration of effluent at the lagoon. 相似文献
62.
Jeffrey Barber 《生态毒理学报》1999,21(1)
非政府组织倾向于高度怀疑工业界对志愿举措的促进,特别是当它们似乎被用来证明去掉法规有理或妨碍独立监测与评估时更加如此.此外,非政府组织还把矛头指向由于缺乏信息或缺乏多利害攸关者参与而产生的严重可信度差距.减少可信度差距和提高志愿举措的有效性的行动,要包括创造更大的透明度、允许独立验证、包含性、可持续性价值的内化、和互补性使用一种使之有能力的法规框架. 相似文献
63.
Limitations to colour-based sexual preferences in three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Female three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are suggested to select mates based on their red nuptial coloration, males with a redder display being more preferred. Although
there are both laboratory and field data to support this view, there are also published accounts where females do not show
a preference for the redder male. Here we report the results of a series of 19 trials where receptive gravid female three-spined
sticklebacks were allowed to choose between two size-matched rival males. We used photographic and image analysis techniques
to quantify male nuptial coloration to investigate how the magnitude of the colour difference between the two alternative
males influenced female preferences. Using the amount of time a female spent oriented towards each male as a measure of his
attractiveness to her, females were not always found to select the redder of the two presented males. We did, however, find
that that the relative difference in coloration of the two males in each pair was important in determining the level of coloration-based
preference, with females only selecting redder males consistently when the difference in coloration was sufficiently large.
Received: 26 October 1999 / Received in revised form: 10 January 2000 / Accepted: 13 February 2000 相似文献
64.
Christophe?PélabonEmail author ?sa?A.?Borg Jens?Bjelvenmark Iain?Barber Elisabet?Forsgren Trond?Amundsen 《Marine Biology》2005,148(1):189-196
Courtship and body condition of male two-spotted gobies (Gobiusculus flavescens) harbouring naturally acquired microsporidian infections were compared with those of microsporidian-free males under standardized conditions in the lab. Although parasite infection had no apparent effect on individual condition, it significantly affected male courtship intensity. This effect, however, was affected by the intensity of the female courtship. Our study is one of the first to demonstrate a sub-lethal behavioural effect of a microsporidian parasite that could negatively affect the reproductive success of infected individuals. Our results also suggest that secondary sexual traits like courtship may be more sensitive to moderately detrimental effects of parasite infection than classical condition indices. 相似文献
65.
Weight specific rates of oxygen consumption carbon dioxide production, and ammonia-N excretion, measured for a Florida population of the bay scallop Argopecten irradians concentricus between May and September, 1982 and October and November, 1983 were significantly correlated (P<0.0005) to environmental factors that co-varied seasonally with metabolic shifts related to reproduction. Mean O/N and CO2/O2 (RQ) molar ratios indicates that scallop energy metabolism varied over the course of the reproductive cycle. Resting stage individuals (May-early June) had RQ values close to 0.7, indicative of a predominantly lipid-based metabolism. During the initial stages of gametogenesis (late June-early July) scallops catabolized primarily carbohydrate, as evidenced by maximum O/N (>22) values and RQ values close to 1.0 RQ values >1.0 indicated a possible carbohydrate to lipid conversion during the period of cytoplasmic growth (late July-early September). As gametes matured and spawning commenced (late September-November), metabolism became primarily protein based, as indicated by O/N and RQ values around 9.0 and 0.8, respectively. This pattern of substrate catabolism supports existing data on the storage and utilization of specific energy reserves with respect to reproduction in this species. 相似文献
66.
本文采用体外抑菌实验,以大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)为受试菌种,比较研究了模拟日光(λ>290 nm)照射下,恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、二氟沙星、沙拉沙星等4种不同氟喹诺酮类抗生素(FQs)在纯水、淡水、海水中光降解过程抑菌活性的变化及作用机制. 发现恩诺沙星和二氟沙星在光解初始阶段(0—t1/2),光解溶液的抑菌活性没有出现显著降低的趋势(P>0.05),这是因为其光转化分别生成了抑菌活性更大的产物环丙沙星和沙拉沙星,且这两种产物在0—t1/2不断积累. 区别于前两种FQs,环丙沙星和沙拉沙星光降解过程中抑菌活性呈明显降低趋势(P<0.01),表明其产物的抑菌活性相对于母体化合物可以忽略. 纯水、淡水和海水中同种FQ光解过程中表现出相似的抑菌活性变化规律. 相似文献
67.
68.
中国北方地区水体中四环素族抗生素残留现状分析 总被引:13,自引:3,他引:13
为了更好了解北方市政污水等水体中四环素族抗生素残留现状,采用固相萃取方法对中国北方地区市政污水样品进行富集和净化,以高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析样品中四环素族抗生素残留量。在调查的13个污水样品中四环素族抗生素普遍检出,且浓度分别达到四环素1114.27ng/L、土霉素2175.65ng/L、金霉素149.09ng/L和强力霉素187.45ng/L。结果表明,在我国近岸污水排放中依然有大量四环素类抗生素存在,应加强对近岸海洋环境中抗生素残留的监测与管理。 相似文献
69.
红壤中Cu、Zn、Pb 污染对蔬菜根伸长的抑制效应 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:9
采用盆栽试验,研究红壤中不同浓度Cu(0~400 mg/kg),Zn(0~750 mg/kg)和Pb(0~2000 mg/kg)对小白菜,包菜,萝卜,洋葱,番茄和黄瓜根生长的抑制与毒性效应.结果表明,蔬菜对金属的毒性响敏感程度依次是Cu>Zn>Pb.相同浓度下,Cu、Zn、Pb 对番茄和小白菜的根伸长抑制率最大,对黄瓜和萝卜的根伸长抑制率最小,表明番茄和小白菜对Cu、Zn、Pb 的毒性响应最敏感,黄瓜和萝卜则不敏感.蔬菜根长与土壤Cu有效态含量呈显著或极显著负相关(P<0.05, P<0.01),与土壤Zn 有效态含量或土壤Pb 有效态含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),表明土壤中重金属有效态含量是影响蔬菜根伸长的重要因素,重金属对蔬菜生长的抑制响应主要是通过有效态来实现. 相似文献
70.
Annika Jahnke Jonathan L. Barber Kevin C. Jones Christian Temme 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(4):844-850
A method intercomparison study of analytical methods for the determination of neutral, volatile polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) was carried out in March, 2006. Environmental air samples were collected in triplicate at the European background site Mace Head on the west coast of Ireland, a site dominated by ‘clean’ westerly winds coming across the Atlantic. Extraction and analysis were performed at two laboratories active in PFAS research using their in-house methods. Airborne polyfluorinated telomer alcohols (FTOHs), fluorooctane sulfonamides and sulfonamidoethanols (FOSAs/FOSEs) as well as additional polyfluorinated compounds were investigated. Different native and isotope-labelled internal standards (IS) were applied at various steps in the analytical procedure to evaluate the different quantification strategies. Field blanks revealed no major blank problems. European background concentrations observed at Mace Head were found to be in a similar range to Arctic data reported in the literature. Due to trace-levels at the remote site, only FTOH data sets were complete and could therefore be compared between the laboratories. Additionally, FOSEs could partly be included. Data comparison revealed that despite the challenges inherent in analysis of airborne PFAS and the low concentrations, all methods applied in this study obtained similar results. However, application of isotope-labelled IS early in the analytical procedure leads to more precise results and is therefore recommended. 相似文献