全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1200篇 |
免费 | 7篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 55篇 |
废物处理 | 46篇 |
环保管理 | 106篇 |
综合类 | 233篇 |
基础理论 | 317篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 311篇 |
评价与监测 | 80篇 |
社会与环境 | 58篇 |
灾害及防治 | 7篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 15篇 |
2019年 | 8篇 |
2018年 | 23篇 |
2017年 | 41篇 |
2016年 | 32篇 |
2015年 | 31篇 |
2014年 | 29篇 |
2013年 | 63篇 |
2012年 | 65篇 |
2011年 | 75篇 |
2010年 | 49篇 |
2009年 | 48篇 |
2008年 | 70篇 |
2007年 | 74篇 |
2006年 | 59篇 |
2005年 | 42篇 |
2004年 | 42篇 |
2003年 | 45篇 |
2002年 | 41篇 |
2001年 | 29篇 |
2000年 | 31篇 |
1999年 | 13篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 15篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 17篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 13篇 |
1976年 | 12篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1214条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
The method of partial order ranking has been used within the environmental area for a variety of purposes as an attractive way of handling complex information. However, the environmental data are often associated with a significant degree of uncertainty. In this investigation the general nature of the influence from data uncertainty on the partial order ranking is analyzed. A Monte Carlo type analysis is performed in which a series of randomly formed data are used to test the influence of data uncertainty. The partial order ranking is interpreted, where the results are transferred to a one-dimensional ranking scale taking into account that not all elements are ranked with the same certainty. A simple general robustness parameter (E) in form of the expected number of comparisons for each ranking element is defined and correlated to the uncertainty analysis results. A simple equation relates E to the number of elements and the number of parameters, respectively. The magnitude of the ranking uncertainty is shown to increase rapidly when the E value decreases below 4-5 comparisons per element. When the E value exceeds 5 the ranking uncertainty becomes nearly constant and independent on the actual E value. 相似文献
132.
Environmental and economic assessment methods for waste management decision-support: possibilities and limitations. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G?ran Finnveden Anna Bj?rklund Asa Moberg Tomas Ekvall 《Waste management & research》2007,25(3):263-269
A large number of methods and approaches that can be used for supporting waste management decisions at different levels in society have been developed. In this paper an overview of methods is provided and preliminary guidelines for the choice of methods are presented. The methods introduced include: Environmental Impact Assessment, Strategic Environmental Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Cost-effectiveness Analysis, Life-cycle Costing, Risk Assessment, Material Flow Accounting, Substance Flow Analysis, Energy Analysis, Exergy Analysis, Entropy Analysis, Environmental Management Systems, and Environmental Auditing. The characteristics used are the types of impacts included, the objects under study and whether the method is procedural or analytical. The different methods can be described as systems analysis methods. Waste management systems thinking is receiving increasing attention. This is, for example, evidenced by the suggested thematic strategy on waste by the European Commission where life-cycle analysis and life-cycle thinking get prominent positions. Indeed, life-cycle analyses have been shown to provide policy-relevant and consistent results. However, it is also clear that the studies will always be open to criticism since they are simplifications of reality and include uncertainties. This is something all systems analysis methods have in common. Assumptions can be challenged and it may be difficult to generalize from case studies to policies. This suggests that if decisions are going to be made, they are likely to be made on a less than perfect basis. 相似文献
133.
Annika Porsborg Nielsen Jesper Lassen Peter Sandøe 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2007,20(1):13-35
Over recent decades, public participation in technology assessment has spread internationally as an attempt to overcome or
prevent societal conflicts over controversial technologies. One outcome of this new surge in public consultation initiatives
has been the increased use of participatory consensus conferences in a number of countries. Existing evaluations of consensus
conferences tend to focus on the modes of organization, as well as the outcomes, both procedural and substantial, of the conferences
they examine. Such evaluations seem to rest on the assumption that this type of procedure has universally agreed goals and
meanings, and that therefore consensus conferences can readily be interpreted and applied across national boundaries. This
article challenges this approach to consensus conferences. The core of the article is a study of national differences in ideas
about what constitutes legitimate goals for participatory arrangements. The study looks at three consensus conferences on
GMOs, which took place in France, Norway, and Denmark. Drawing on this study, the article discusses the ways in which interpretations
of the concept of participation; the value attributed to lay knowledge vs. technical expertise; as well as ideas about the
role of the layperson, are all questions that prompt entirely different answers from country to country. Further, the article
analyses these national differences within a theoretical framework of notions of democratic legitimacy. 相似文献
134.
Jesper Bosse Jønsson Peter W.U. Appel Raphael Tihelwa Chibunda 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2009,17(1):77-86
The mercury-based gold extraction processes prevalent within small-scale mining are both efficient and harmful. While ensuring relatively high levels of gold recovery, they cause environmental and health problems for people living within mining settlements. This mercury consumption can be minimized by using a simple mercury recycling device known as a retort. While mining legislation in Tanzania dictates the use of retorts for gold recovery, virtually no miners use them, indicating the inadequacy of previous introduction attempts. During action research, retorts were introduced in two mining settlements through a thorough and participatory approach. Twenty miners were given retorts and their attitudes and receptiveness to them were studied. Of the recipients, 18 used the retorts over a period of five months, recycling 10 kilos of mercury. Less mercury was spilled into the environment and miners saved money normally spent on purchasing mercury. The findings have implications for the strategies of development interventions targeting mercury-instigated problems within small-scale gold mining. 相似文献
135.
136.
Joke Muys Yves Jacquemyn Bettina Blaumeiser Laura Bourlard Nathalie Brison Saskia Bulk Patrizia Chiarappa Anne De Leener Marjan De Rademaeker Julie Désir Anne Destrée Koenraad Devriendt Annelies Dheedene Armelle Duquenne Annelies Fieuw Erik Fransen Jean-Stéphane Gatot Mauricette Jamar Sandra Janssens Jorien Kerstjens Kathelijn Keymolen Damien Lederer Björn Menten Bruno Pichon Sonia Rombout Yves Sznajer Ann Van Den Bogaert Kris Van Den Bogaert Joris Vermeesch Katrien Janssens 《黑龙江环境通报》2020,40(10):1272-1283
137.
138.
139.
Dynamic Games in the Economics and Management of Pollution 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Steffen Jørgensen Guiomar Martín-Herrán Georges Zaccour 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2010,15(6):433-467
The paper provides a survey of the literature which utilizes dynamic state-space games to formulate and analyze intertemporal,
many decision-maker problems in the economics and management of pollution. 相似文献
140.
Katrine Banke Nørgaard Nina Cedergreen 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2010,17(4):957-967