Nature and frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in pregnancies with abnormal ultrasound findings: An analysis of 117 cases with review of the literature

During a 7-year period, 117 fetal karyotypes were available from 131 genetic amniocenteses. These procedures were performed between 14 and 37 weeks' gestation for the following abnormal ultrasound findings: (1) intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)—61 cases; (2) fetal malformation—71 cases; and (3) amniotic fluid volume (AFV) abnormality—60 cases. Chromosomal abnormalities were identified in 19 cases (16.2 per cent). Aneuploidy was 2.5 times as frequent in the presence of malformations than in their absence. No correlation was demonstrated between specific fetal malformations and specific chromosomal abnormalities. Aneuploidy was also twice as frequent in the presence of symmetrical IUGR than in its absence. No chromosomal abnormalities were found among eight cases of asymmetrical IUGR. Four cases of aneuploidy presented with isolated IUGR, three of these involving the X chromosome. The frequency of aneuploidy was the same with or without abnormalities of AFV (14.3 versus 16.4 per cent). No chromosomal abnormality was found associated with isolated AFV abnormalities.     

Der Einfluß von Verbraucher und Handel auf die Qualität landwirtschaftlicher Produkte und Lebensmittel

The modern consumer is very much interested in healthy food. The reason is that a special group of consumers is focusing more and more attention on health and nutrition problems. Further, there is increased emphasis on education in food science at universities as well as polytechnics. For some years worldwide dietary goals are published with the intention to reduce nutrition-based sickness. For the first time in our nutrition report 1988, clear proposals for optimal nutrition were formulated.     

Der Strahlungshaushalt der terrestrischen Planeten Venus,Erde und Mars

The radiation budget of planets substantially determines their climates. For the terrestrial planets having their own imperceptible heat source compared to the solar radiation, the radiation budget supplies energy that can be transformed and used in their atmospheres and at their surfaces. The crucial role of the radiation budget for the Earth's climate is manifested in current international programs like the World Climate and Global Change Programs. The intercomparison and analysis of the radiation budget of the terrestrial planets, due to quite different atmospheric compositions and external conditions, provide a deeper insight into the relations of the different components of the radiation budget.