Increased urinary 8-hydroxy-2��-deoxyguanosine levels in workers exposed to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in a waste plastic recycling site in China

Background

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a common plasticizer used in industrial and diverse consumer products. Animal studies indicate DEHP caused developmental, reproductive, and hepatic toxicities. However, human studies of the potential effects of DEHP are limited.

Methods

The exposed site with a history of over 20 years of waste plastic recycling was located in Hunan Province, China. The reference site without known DEHP pollution source was about 50 km far away from the exposed site. In this study, 181 workers working in plastic waste recycling and 160 gender?Cage matched farmers were recruited. DEHP concentrations in water and cultivated soil samples, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), urinary 8-hydroxy-2??-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and micronuclei frequency in human capillary blood lymphocytes were analyzed.

Results

Mean levels of DEHP were greater in environment at the recycling site than at reference site (industry wastewater for the exposed: 42.43 ??g/l; well water: 14.20 vs. 0.79 ??g/l, pond water: 135.68 vs. 0.37 ??g/l, cultivated soil: 13.07 vs. 0.81 mg/kg, p?p?p?Conclusions The occupational DEHP exposure might contribute to oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage in the male workers.     

改性磺化泥炭去除水中双酚A的研究

采用十六烷基三甲基澳化铵(HTAB)对磺化泥炭进行接枝改性,并研究了双酚A在改性磺化泥炭上的吸附特性.研究发现,改性磺化泥炭的C元素由40.12%(质量分散,下同)增加到47.91%,其在水中的Zeta电位升高了27.0 mV.双酚A在磺化泥炭和改性磺化泥炭上的吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温吸附...     

Biodiesel production from waste oil feedstocks by solid acid catalysis

Biodiesel is a non-toxic and biodegradable substitute for petroleum-based diesel. However, it is impractical to use refined edible oils to produce biodiesel due to its high cost and priority for food products, especially in China, while waste oils with high free fatty acids (FFAs) can be considered as the raw materials. In the present work, a solid acid catalyst comprising SO₄²⁻/TiO₂–SiO₂ was prepared, characterized and studied for its activity for the production of biodiesel from several low cost feedstocks with high FFAs. The solid acid catalyst can be recycled, easily removed and can simultaneously catalyze esterification and transesterification. The influence of reaction parameters was studied, and the optimized reaction parameters are reaction temperature 200 °C, molar ratio of methanol to oil 9:1 and catalyst concentration 3 wt.%. The catalyst showed good stability. A continuous process for biodiesel production from cheap raw feedstocks was proposed, and a 10,000-tonnes/year biodiesel production demonstration plant has been built.     

云南省优化开发区产业结构优化初探

优化产业结构对区域可持续发展,以及区域竞争力的提升具有重要意义。为保证区域经济又好又快的增长,优化产业结构是其关键。针对云南省优化开发区中的产业结构现状进行分析说明,指出其中的不合理之处,最后给出优化产业结构和进行产业结构内部调整的可行性建议。     

云南省主体功能区综合交通运输网络建设对区域可达性影响

云南省地处我国西南边疆,随着经济的发展,交通可达性正逐渐成为该省经济发展的“瓶颈”。从可达性的概念入手,分析了目前云南省交通运输网络建设的空间格局及各类主体功区内存在的主要问题,针对各类功能区内交通运输结构中存在的问题给出了合理化建议,以期提高云南省交通的可达性。     

Uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Trifolium pretense L. from water in the presence of a nonionic surfactant

A greenhouse study examined plant uptake of phenanthrene and pyrene, as representatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), from an aqueous solution containing a nonionic surfactant Tween 80. The uptake was conducted with 1.0 mg l(-1) phenanthrene and 0.12 mg l(-1) pyrene under a wide range of Tween 80 concentrations (0-105.6 mg l(-1)). Tween 80 at the test concentrations did not show any apparent phytotoxity toward the growth of red clover (Trifolium pretense L.). At concentrations generally lower than 13.2 mg l(-1), Tween 80 enhanced the plant uptake based on the concentrations and PCFs (plant concentration factors) of these two PAHs. When present at higher concentrations, Tween 80 inhibited the uptake of both PAH compounds by the tested plant. The maximal plant uptake was observed at 6.6 mg l(-1) Tween 80, in which PAH concentrations and PCFs were 18-115% higher than those in Tween 80-free controls. The total mass removal (off-take) of phenanthrene and pyrene by root or shoot increased initially and decreased thereafter with the increase in Tween 80 concentrations. Although shoot biomass was evidently larger than root, the off-take was much higher in root than shoot because of the larger root concentrations of these chemicals. Results from this study show promises for the potential efficacy of enhanced phytoremediation in PAH contaminated sites using surfactant amendment.     

集对分析法在河流水质评价中的应用

为了解决集对分析法在环境质量评价中应用的问题,用集对分析法建立了河流水质评价模型,并应用该模型对阜新市大凌河支流4个断面监测点的7种污染因子监测结果进行实例分析.结果表明,各断面水质评价级别均为Ⅴ级.研究表明,采用集对分析法进行水质评价准确可靠,信息利用率高,具有客观性和合理性.因此,集对分析理论为河流水质综合评价提供了一种新的思路,所用理论方法和所建模型也可推广应用于其他领域.     

我国危险化学品企业搬迁方案研究

概要地对我国现有危险化学品企业安全防护距离不足的现状进行分析,提出危险化学品企业搬迁工作实施的基本原则,探讨危险化学品企业搬迁范围的确定、厂址的解决、资金的分配、政策的制定和长效机制的建立等问题。建议搬迁企业在政府的统一规划下,坚持以人为本,坚持安全生产和可持续发展的原则,在搬迁中提高技术含量和社会形象,增强市场竞争力。针对我国危险化学品企业的特点提出了一套搬迁方案和步骤。论文的研究成果将为各地政府指导当地危险化学品企业进行科学规划,对待搬迁的危险化学品企业实现安全有效搬迁及健康发展提供了有益参考。     

酸雨胁迫对水稻和高粱种子萌发的影响

酸雨对作物种子萌发的生态效应是影响农业生产的重要问题,为揭示酸雨影响种子的萌发机理,本文以水稻(Oryzasatival)"宁梗1号"和高粱(Sorghum vulare)"黄土高粱"为试验种子,采用不同酸性强度的模拟酸雨处理两类种子.定时测定酸雨胁迫强度对种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、异状发芽率、呼吸速率和呼吸商的影响.结果表明,当酸雨胁迫强度pH=2.0～2.5时,因胁迫强度过高.水稻和高粱种子皆不萌发;当酸雨胁迫强度pH≥3.0时,两类抗性种子5项萌发指标的变化幅度均为高粱大于水稻;高粱的酸雨伤害阈值为pH=3.5～4.0,水稻为pH=3.0～3.5;当胁迫强度pH≥2.5时,两类抗性种子呼吸速率和呼吸商2项生理指标的变化幅度为高粱大于水稻、水稻和高粱种子的生理反应阈值为pH≥2.0,萌发反应阈值为pH≥3.0,说明水稻对酸雨的抗性强于高粱;2类抗性种子对酸雨胁迫强度的耐受性差异是其抗性分异的根本原因.     

我国危险化学品安全技术研究现状及趋势

危险化学品是一种实行国际管制的特殊商品,受到各国普遍关