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排序方式: 共有1343条查询结果,搜索用时 359 毫秒
841.
Jun Li Aimin Li Yan Li Minhui Cai Gan Luo Yaping Wu Yechao Tian Liqun Xing Quanxing Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(4):47
842.
Xu Chen Liu Zaohong Cai Guanjun Zhan Jian 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(23):34278-34287
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Due to substrate layers with different substrate configurations, extensive green roofs (EGRs) exhibit different rainfall runoff retention and... 相似文献
843.
844.
蔡小平 《防灾科技学院学报》2013,15(3):99-105
荒政是明代社会经济发展和稳定的重要保障,也是明王朝的基本国策。明代洪武永乐时期是明朝荒政的初步形成和完善时期,对整个明代都有着重要的影响。从这一时期的荒政措施中归纳出三个重要方面:一、防灾减灾措施;二、救灾赈济政策;三、灾后抚恤安民政策。这些荒政措施的实施,使明王朝从元末明初的经济凋敝、社会混乱的局面中走出来,为"洪武之治"和"永乐盛世"局面的出现奠定了基础。 相似文献
845.
Tree species and temperature change arising from seasonal variation or global warming are two important factors influencing N2O and NO emissions from forest soils. However, few studies have examined the effects of temperatures(5–35℃) on the emissions of forest soil N2O and NO in typical subtropical region. A short-term laboratory experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of temperature changes(5–35℃) on soil N2O and NO emissions under aerobic conditions in two contrasting(broad-leaved and coniferous) subtropical acidic forest types in China. The results showed that the temporal pattern of N2O and NO emissions between the three lower temperatures(5℃, 15℃, and 25℃) and 35℃ was significantly different for both broad-leaved and coniferous forest soils. The effects of temperature on soil N2O and NO emission rates varied between broad-leaved and coniferous forest soils. Both N2O and NO emissions increased exponentially with an increase in temperature in the broad-leaved forest soil. However, N2O and NO emissions in the coniferous forest soil were not sensitive to temperature change between 5℃ and 25℃. N2O and NO emission rates were significantly higher in the broad-leaved forest soil as compared with the coniferous forest soil at all incubation temperatures except 5℃. These results suggest that the broad-leaved forest could contribute more N2O and NO emissions than the coniferous forest for most of the year in the subtropical region of China. 相似文献
846.
A strain Pandoraea pnomenusa LX-1 that uses dichloromethane(DCM) as sole carbon and energy source has been isolated and identified in our laboratory. The optimum aerobic biodegradation of DCM in batch culture was evaluated by response surface methodology. Maximum biodegradation(5.35 mg/(L·hr)) was achieved under cultivation at 32.8°C, pH 7.3, and 0.66% NaCl. The growth and biodegradation processes were well fitted by Haldane's kinetic model, yielding maximum specific growth and degradation rates of 0.133 hr-1and 0.856 hr-1, respectively. The microorganism efficiently degraded a mixture of DCM and coexisting components(benzene, toluene and chlorobenzene). The carbon recovery(52.80%–94.59%) indicated that the targets were predominantly mineralized and incorporated into cell materials. Electron acceptors increased the DCM biodegradation rate in the following order: mixed oxygen iron sulfate nitrate. The highest dechlorination rate was 0.365 mg Cl-/(hr·mg biomass), obtained in the presence of mixed electron acceptors. Removal was achieved in a continuous biotrickling filter at 56%–85% efficiency, with a mineralization rate of 75.2%. Molecular biology techniques revealed the predominant strain as P. pnomenusa LX-1. These results clearly demonstrated the effectiveness of strain LX-1 in treating DCM-containing industrial effluents. As such, the strain is a strong candidate for remediation of DCM coexisting with other organic compounds. 相似文献
847.
Effect of orchard age on soil nitrogen transformation in subtropical China and implications 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A better understanding of nitrogen transformation in soils could reveal the capacity for biological inorganic N supply and improve the efficiency of N fertilizers. In this study, a 15N tracing study was carried out to investigate the effects of converting woodland to orchard, and orchard age on the gross rates of N transformation occurring simultaneously in subtropical soils in Eastern China. The results showed that inorganic N supply rate was remained constant with soil organic C and N contents increased after converting woodland into citrus orchard and with increasing orchard age. This phenomenon was most probably due to the increase in the turnover time of recalcitrant organic-N, which increased with decreasing soil pH along with increasing orchard age significantly. The amoA gene copy numbers of both archaeal and bacterial were stimulated by orchard planting and increased with increasing orchard age. The nitrification capacity (defined as the ratio of gross rate of nitrification to total gross rate of mineralization) increased following the Michaelis–Menten equation, sharply in the first 10 years after woodland conversion to orchard, and increased continuously but much more slowly till 30 years. Due to the increase in nitrification capacity and unchanged NO3− consumption, the dominance of ammonium in inorganic N in woodland soil was shifted to nitrate dominance in orchard soils. These results indicated that the risk of NO3− loss was expected to increase and the amount of N needed from fertilizers for fruit growth did not change although soil organic N accumulated with orchard age. 相似文献
848.
三唑酮对斑马鱼和稀有鮈鲫不同生长阶段的急性毒性比较 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为探明三唑酮对鱼类不同生长阶段的毒性效应,以斑马鱼和稀有鮈鲫为测试生物,检测了三唑酮对斑马鱼和稀有鮈鲫不同生长阶段的急性毒性差异。研究发现,三唑酮对斑马鱼和稀有鮈鲫胚胎为低毒,其96 h-LC50值分别为21.1(14.4~31.0)和14.2(9.65~20.9)mg·L~(-1);高浓度的三唑酮对斑马鱼和稀有鮈鲫胚胎的孵化有明显的抑制作用,染毒96 h后,23.7 mg·L~(-1)三唑酮组斑马鱼胚胎的孵化率为4.17%,22.5 mg·L~(-1)三唑酮组稀有鮈鲫胚胎的孵化率为33.3%。三唑酮对斑马鱼仔鱼、幼鱼和成鱼为低毒,其96 h-LC50值分别为24.8、21.3、13.1 mg·L~(-1),三唑酮对稀有鮈鲫仔鱼、幼鱼和成鱼为中毒,其96 h-LC50值分别为9.96、7.89、6.89 mg·L~(-1)。因此,三唑酮对斑马鱼和稀有鮈鲫不同生长阶段的毒性效应排序一致,毒性从高到低顺序依次为:成鱼幼鱼仔鱼。试验结果表明,相对于斑马鱼,稀有鮈鲫对三唑酮的毒性作用更为敏感,三唑酮对稀有鮈鲫不同生长阶段的毒性均高于斑马鱼相应生长阶段的毒性。 相似文献
849.
Manwen Zhang Guixian Feng Wenhua Yin Bing Xie Mingzhong Ren Zhencheng Xu Sukun Zhang Zongwei Cai 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(12):3-10
Since the 2010 s, the authorities of Guangdong province and local governments have enhanced law enforcement and environmental regulations to abolish open burning, acid washing, and other uncontrolled e-waste recycling activities. In this study, ambient air and indoor dust near different kinds of e-waste recycling processes were collected in Guiyu and Qingyuan to investigate the pollution status of particles and polychlorinated dibenzo-pdioxins and furans(PCDD/Fs) after stricter environmental regulations. PM_(2.5) and PCDD/Fs both showed significantly reduced levels in the two regions compared with the documented data. The congener distribution and principal component analysis results also confirmed the significant differences between the current PCDD/Fs pollution characterizations and the historical ones. The estimated total intake doses via air inhalation and dust ingestion of children in the recycling region of Guiyu ranged from 10 to 32 pg TEQ/(kg·day), which far exceeded the tolerable daily intake(TDI) limit(1–4 pg TEQ/(kg·day). Although the measurements showed a significant reduction of the release of PCDD/Fs, the pollution status was still considered severe in Guiyu town after stricter regulations were implemented. 相似文献
850.
通过理论计算和案例分析,对目前在用加油站油气回收系统的有效运行率进行了分析,阐述加油站三次油气回收装置的配备条件,介绍了加油站油气回收新技术(ORVR),提出了我国应使用新的加油站油气回收技术的结论。 相似文献