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721.
M. T. Heitzmann M. Veidt C. T. Ng B. Lindenberger M. Hou R. Truss C. K. Liew 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2013,21(2):366-374
A single-plant biobased composite material was prepared from fibre and matrix constituents produced from the castor plant, ricinus communis. It is shown that the mechanical properties of the castor plant fibres are comparable to those of other bast fibres and that the stiffness and strength characteristics of the castor fibre/polyamide 11 biocomposite compare well with those of other natural fibre composites. By using a biobased thermoplastic matrix material the reliance on non-renewable feedstock sources is reduced and end-of-lifetime recyclability is improved. The analysis of the environmental performance of the new castor plant composite suggests that the biobased material has great potential as a sustainable alternative replacing glass fibre-reinforced plastics. 相似文献
722.
Antimony (Sb) distribution, solubility and mobility onto natural soils of China were studied in lysimeter and batch experiments as a function of physicochemical properties of the soil. An outdoor lysimeter experiment investigated the leaching and migration of Sb in the soils with Sb-polluted topsoil and unpolluted subsoil over a 5 month period. Soil solutions were collected by suction cups installed at different depth of lysimeters, and leachates were regularly collected and analyzed for Sb concentrations. The majority of the added Sb was retained in the topsoil layers, but small portions were moved to the sub-layers. Sb concentrations in the soil solutions and leachates ranged from 0–755.5 (6.38 ± 54 on average) μg l−1 and 0–0.45 (smaller than the detection limit) μg l−1 respectively, indicating the low solubility of Sb in the soils. Batch experiments were performed in order to determine the sorption capacity and the partition coefficient (Kd). Freundlich isotherm described properly the equilibrium experimental data and results show that the Kd values for Primosol, Isohumosol, Ferrosol equal to 22.5, 87.8, 704 L kg−1, respectively. These results showed the strong capacity of the soils to retain Sb, and prevent it being leached down the profile. The mobilizable Sb was in the order: Primosol > Isohumosol > Ferrosol. Sb migration in the soils was mainly associated with the exchangeable, carbonate-bound, and metal–organic complex-bound fractions. Health risk assessment indicates that Sb leaching from Ferrosol will not harm to human health through groundwater under the test conditions, while it has certain health risks from the Isohumosol and Primosol. 相似文献
723.
Juan Zhang Renqing Wang Juncheng Yang Hong Hou Xiaoming Du Jiulan Dai 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(5):3381-3394
Hunpu is a wastewater-irrigated area southwest of Shenyang. To evaluate petroleum contamination and identify its sources at the area, the aliphatic hydrocarbons and compound-specific carbon stable isotopes of n-alkanes in the soil, irrigation water, and atmospheric deposition were analyzed. The analyses of hydrocarbon concentrations and geochemical characteristics reveal that the water is moderately contaminated by degraded heavy oil. According to the isotope analysis, inputs of modern C3 plants and degraded petroleum are present in the water, air, and soil. The similarities and dissimilarities among the water, air, and soil samples were determined by concentration, isotope, and multivariate statistical analyses. Hydrocarbons from various sources, as well as the water/atmospheric deposition samples, are more effectively differentiated through principal component analysis of carbon stable isotope ratios (δ13C) relative to hydrocarbon concentrations. Redundancy analysis indicates that 57.1 % of the variance in the δ13C of the soil can be explained by the δ13C of both the water and air, and 35.5 % of the variance in the hydrocarbon concentrations of the soil can be explained by hydrocarbon concentrations of both the water and the air. The δ13C in the atmospheric deposition accounts for 28.2 % of the δ13C variance in the soil, which is considerably higher than the variance in hydrocarbon concentrations of the soil explained by hydrocarbon concentrations of the atmospheric deposition (7.7 %). In contrast to δ13C analysis, the analysis of hydrocarbon concentrations underestimates the effect of petroleum contamination in the irrigated water and air on the surface soil. Overall, the irrigated water exerts a larger effect on the surface soil than does the atmospheric deposition. 相似文献
724.
Xiao-Xu Hou Qing-Fang Deng Tie-Zhen Ren Zhong-Yong Yuan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(12):8521-8534
Corncob-derived char wastes (CCW) obtained from biomass conversion to syngas production through corncob steam gasification, which were often discarded, were utilized for preparation of activated carbon by calcination, and KOH and HNO3 activation treatments, on the view of environment protection and waste recycling. Their adsorption performance in the removal of heavy metal ions and dye molecules from wastewater was evaluated by using Cu2+ and methyl orange (MO) as the model pollutant. The surface and structure characteristics of the CCW-based activated carbons (CACs) were investigated by N2 adsorption, CO2 adsorption, FT-IR, and He-TPD. The adsorption capacity varied with the activation methods of CACs and different initial solution concentrations, indicating that the adsorption behavior was influenced by not only the surface area and porosity but also the oxygen functional groups on the surface of the CACs. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed with the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models, and the adsorption kinetics was evaluated by the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. 相似文献
725.
726.
Seasonal variations of CH(4) and N(2)O emissions in response to water management of paddy fields located in Southeast China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Water management is one of the most important practices that affect methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from paddy fields. A field experiment was designed to study the effects of controlled irrigation (CI) on CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy fields, with traditional irrigation (TI) as the control. The effects of CI on CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy fields were very clear. The peaks of CH4 emissions from the CI paddies were observed 1-2 d after the water layer disappeared. Afterward, the emissions reduced rapidly and remained low until the soil was re-flooded. A slight increase of CH4 emission was observed in a short period after re-flooding. N2O emissions peaks from CI paddies were all observed 8-10 d after the fertilization at the WFPS ranging from 78.1% to 85.3%. Soil drying caused substantial N2O emissions, whereas no substantial N2O emissions were observed when the soil was re-wetted after the dry phase. Compared with TI, the cumulative CH4 emissions from the CI fields were reduced by 81.8% on the average, whereas the cumulative N2O emissions were increased by 135.4% on the average. The integrative global warming potential of CH4 and N2O on a 100-year horizon decreased by 27.3% in the CI paddy fields, whereas no significant difference in the rice yield was observed between the CI and TI fields. These results suggest that CI can effectively mitigate the integrative greenhouse effect caused by CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy fields while ensuring the rice yield. 相似文献
727.
728.
Zhao Lulu Wang Jinguo Yang Weiyou Hou Huilin Yan Ruifang 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(3):1499-1513
Environmental Chemistry Letters - The photocatalytic transformation of carbon dioxide into fuels is viewed as a promising solution to lessen global warming and to enter a circular economy, yet this... 相似文献
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730.