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881.
Ding Zijuan Hu Ren Styles David Wang Xiaolong Tian Yingbing Cao Yuxian Hou Jun 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(17):24639-24650
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Ratoon rice (RR) is regarded as a labor-saving and efficient approach to rice cultivation; however, sub-optimal production techniques (fertilization,... 相似文献
882.
为了探究我国北方水体中藻类对Cd2+的富集行为,选取常见的蓝藻(钝顶螺旋藻)和绿藻(小球衣藻),模拟天然藻类对Cd2+的吸附和吸收,研究藻液浓度、时间、pH值、温度、共存阳离子类型对富集过程的影响。结果发现:2种藻对Cd2+的富集性能优于活性炭,富集量高出2~17倍左右。藻对Cd2+的富集率随着藻液浓度的增加而升高,而单位富集量则呈现下降趋势;8 h后富集达到饱和;当pH值在3.0~9.0范围内,富集量随着pH值的升高而增加;在室温25℃时富集量最高,低温或高温时富集量都有明显下降;Fe3+对钝顶螺旋藻富集Cd2+几乎没有影响,但对小球衣藻有拮抗作用,Na+、Ca2+对2种藻类富集Cd2+均表现为拮抗作用,且价态越高,拮抗作用越明显。因此,在适宜的环境中,钝顶螺旋藻和小球衣藻对Cd2+具有良好的富集效果。 相似文献
883.
侯祺棕 《中国安全科学学报》1996,(Z1)
通过对刘冲矿大量测试数据的解析,论证了矿山各工人群呼吸性粉尘浓度对数值遵从正态分布规律,并在此基础上提出了工人群呼吸性粉尘浓度测定值的采用与统计应遵循的原则和方法,对正确推行呼吸性粉尘监测新技术具有重要意义。 相似文献
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886.
Long Zhao Hong Hou Ayuko Fujii Masaaki Hosomi Fasheng Li 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(12):7457-7465
This research investigated the 1,4-dioxane (1,4-D) degradation efficiency and rate during persulfate oxidation at different temperatures, with and without Fe2+ addition, also considering the effect of pH and persulfate concentration on the oxidation of 1,4-D. Degradation pathways for 1,4-D have also been proposed based on the decomposition intermediates and by-products. The results indicate that 1,4-D was completely degraded with heat-activated persulfate oxidation within 3–80 h. The kinetics of the 1,4-D degradation process fitted well to a pseudo-first-order reaction model. Temperature was identified as the most important factor influencing the 1,4-D degradation rate during the oxidation process. As the temperature increased from 40 to 60 °C, the degradation rate improved significantly. At 40 °C, the addition of Fe2+ also increased the 1,4-D degradation rate. Interestingly, at 50 and 60 °C, the 1,4-D degradation rate decreased slightly with the addition of Fe2+. This reduced degradation rate may be attributed to the rapid conversion of Fe2+ to Fe3+ and the production of an Fe(OH)3 precipitate which limited the ultimate oxidizing capability of persulfate with Fe2+ under higher temperatures. Higher persulfate concentrations led to higher 1,4-D degradation rates, but pH adjustment had no significant effect on the 1,4-D degradation rate. The identification of intermediates and by-products in the aqueous and gas phases showed that acetaldehyde, acetic acid, glycolaldehyde, glycolic acid, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen ion were generated during the persulfate oxidation process. A carbon balance analysis showed that 96 and 93 % of the carbon from the 1,4-D degradation were recovered as by-products with and without Fe2+ addition, respectively. Overall, persulfate oxidation of 1,4-D is promising as an economical and highly efficient technology for treatment of 1,4-D-contaminated water. 相似文献
887.
采用改进液相化学还原法制备纳米Pd/Fe双金属颗粒,研究其钯化率为0.045%和0.135%的条件下分别对3种单氯酚(2-CP、3-CP和4-CP)和3种二氯酚(2,3-DCP、2,4-DCP和2,6-DCP)的脱氯反应。结果表明,合成的纳米Pd/Fe颗粒分散性良好,粒径分布介于25~40nm。纳米Pd/Fe双金属颗粒对单氯酚及二氯酚具有良好的去除效果,3种单氯酚和3种二氯酚的脱氯难易程度分别为2-CP〉4-CP〉3-CP和2,6-DCP〉2,4-DCP〉2,3-DCP,脱氯反应均符合拟一级反应动力学方程。通过还原脱氯实验揭示了分子中氯原子的化学环境对还原脱氯过程具有明显影响。 相似文献
888.
Response to environmental flows in the Lower Tarim River, Xinjiang, China: an ecological interpretation of water-table dynamics 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Increased water-dependent development and utilization have led to significant environmental and hydrological degradation of the Tarim River in western China and its dependent ecosystems. Between the 1950s and 1970s, 350 km of the lower reaches were drained and between 1960 and 1980 the water-table fell from between −2 and −3 m to between −8 and −10 m. Subsequently, riparian ecosystems were seriously degraded. In 2000, the Chinese government launched a program to restore the lower reaches of the river. Four environmental flows of 1034×106 m3 were released from 2000 to 2002. This paper interprets and discusses the ecological significance of changes following the releases and identifies the relationship between water-table dynamics and vegetation responses. Short-term objectives for river restoration are proposed with possible monitoring parameters suggested. 相似文献
889.
切花保鲜原理与保鲜技术 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
本文综述了切花保鲜的主要原理及保鲜技术,内容包括:水分与切花衰老的关系及其保鲜技术,激素在切花衰老和保鲜作用中的最新研究进展,冷藏技术在切花贮藏保鲜中的应用,切花保鲜剂的种类及其组分和作用. 相似文献
890.