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排序方式: 共有218条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
51.
Hong S Boutron CF Barbante C Do Hur S Lee K Gabrielli P Capodaglio G Ferrari CP Turetta C Petit JR Lipenkov VY 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2005,7(12):1326-1331
Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) have been measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry in various sections of the 3623 m deep ice core drilled at Vostok, in central East Antarctica. The sections were dated from 240 to 410 kyear BP (Marine Isotopic Stages (MIS) 7.5 to 11.3), which corresponds to the 3rd and 4th glacial-interglacial cycles before present. Concentrations are found to have varied greatly during this 170 kyear time period, with high concentration values during the coldest climatic stages such as MIS 8.4 and 10.2 and much lower concentration values during warmer periods, such as the interglacials MIS 7.5, 9.3 and 11.3. Rock and soil dust were the dominant sources for Pb, whatever the period, and for Zn and Cu and possibly Cd during cold climatic stages. The contribution from volcanic emissions was important for Cd during all periods and might have been significant for Cu and Zn during warm periods. 相似文献
52.
Lorenzo De Carlo Marco Berardi Michele Vurro Maria Clementina Caputo 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(5):310
In recent years, geophysics is increasingly used to study the flow and transport processes in the vadose zone. Particularly, when the vadose zone is made up of rocks, it is difficult to install sensors in the subsurface to measure hydrological state variables directly. In these cases, the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) represents a useful tool to monitor the hydrodynamics of the infiltration and to estimate hydraulic parameters and state variables, such as hydraulic conductivity and water content. We propose an integrated approach aimed at predicting water content dynamics in calcarenite, a sedimentary carbonatic porous rock. The uncoupled hydrogeophysical approach proposed consists in 4D ERT monitoring conducted during an infiltrometer test under falling head conditions. Capacitance probes were installed to measure water content at different depths to validate the estimations derived from ERT. A numerical procedure, based on a data assimilation technique, was accomplished by combining the model (i.e., Richards’ equation) with the observations in order to provide reliable water content estimations. We have used a new data assimilation method that is easy to implement, based on the ensemble Kalman filter coupled with Brownian bridges. This approach is particularly suitable for strongly non-linear models, such as Richards’ equation, in order to take into account both the model uncertainty and the observation errors. The proposed data assimilation approach was tested for the first time on field data. A reasonable agreement was found between observations and predictions confirming the ability of the integrated approach to predict water content dynamics in the rocky subsoil. 相似文献
53.
Chen Yang Li Peijun Carlo Lupi Sun Yangzhao Xu Diandou Feng Qian Fu Shasha 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2009,29(6):1996-2004
This paper discusses actions aimed at sustainable management of healthcare wastes (HCW) in China, taking into account the current national situation in this field, as well as the requirements deriving from the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants and the WHO recommendations. By the end of 2005, there were 149 low-standard HCW disposal facilities in operation in China, distributed throughout different areas. According to the National Hazardous Waste and Healthcare Waste Disposal Facility Construction Plan, 331 modern, high-standard, centralized facilities will be built up in China in municipal level cities. Although incineration is still the main technical option for HCW disposal in China, it is expected that, especially for medium and small size facilities, non-incineration technologies will develop quickly and will soon become the main technical option. The basic management needs – both from the point of view of pollution control and final disposal – have been defined, and a system of technical and environmental standards has been formulated and implemented; however, there are still some shortages. This is particularly true when considering the best available techniques and best environmental practices developed under the Stockholm Convention, with which the present technological and managing situations are not completely compliant. In this framework, the lifecycle (from generation to final disposal of wastes) of HCW and holistic approaches (technology verification, facilities operation, environmental supervision, environmental monitoring, training system, financial mechanism, etc.) towards HCW management are the most important criteria for the sustainable and reliable management of HCW in China. 相似文献
54.
Juan José Cabello Eras Dayli Covas Varela Gilberto D. Hernández Pérez Alexis Sagastume Gutiérrez Dunia García Lorenzo Carlo Vandecasteele Luc Hens 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2014,16(1):195-215
The urban quality of life (UQoL) from objective dimension was analyzed in the main Cuban cities. An Urban Quality of Life Index (UQoLI) was developed in collaboration with 60 experts (five in each city). These experts belong to one of two categories: in charge of the planning of the city and members of the Municipal Council of Administration. One hundred and forty-two directors of the Local District Administration also participated in the analysis. The UQoLI includes three dimensions: social services, economic performance, and urban services, the importance of which is weighed according to expert criteria. A Ranking of the studied cities, sorted by the UQoLI, shows a tendency of increase it UQoL in the west even and central regions. This tendency contradicts one of the foundations of the Cuban sustainable development framework, i.e., equity. 相似文献
55.
56.
Collivignarelli C Tharnpoopasiam P Vaccari M De Felice V Di Bella V Worakhunpiset S 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,142(1-3):345-358
After 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, which hit and devastated several Countries in Southeast Asia, University of Brescia and Mahidol University started a project on water monitoring and treatment for drinking purposes in Takua Pa district (Thailand), the most damaged by the tsunami. In particular, this paper presents the results of a study conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Takua Pa drinking water treatment plant and to identify actions that could be adopted to improve its performances. The results show that, even if the effluent usually meets Thai guide values, except for pH which is already too acid in the influent, the plant needs several structural and managerial improvements, such as filtration and sedimentation upgrade, coagulation/flocculation and final disinfection re-organization, use of proper registers to better plan and control employees activities. Moreover, it was determined that water quality in the distribution network is characterized by turbidity and organic matter values higher than those evaluated in the plant effluent. 相似文献
57.
William L. Hare Wolfgang Cramer Michiel Schaeffer Antonella Battaglini Carlo C. Jaeger 《Regional Environmental Change》2011,11(1):1-17
This paper reviews scientific and gray literature addressing climate change vulnerability and adaptation in the Inuvialuit
Settlement Region (ISR) in the western Canadian Arctic. The review is structured using a vulnerability framework, and 420
documents related directly or indirectly to climate change are analyzed to provide insights on the current state of knowledge
on climate change vulnerability in the ISR as a basis for supporting future research and long-term adaptation planning in
the region. The literature documents evidence of climate change in the ISR which is compromising food security and health
status, limiting transportation access and travel routes to hunting grounds, and damaging municipal infrastructure. Adaptations
are being employed to manage changing conditions; however, many of the adaptations being undertaken are short term, ad-hoc,
and reactive in nature. Limited long-term strategic planning for climate change is being undertaken. Current climate change
risks are expected to continue in the future with further implications for communities but less is known about the adaptive
capacity of communities. This review identifies the importance of targeted vulnerability research that works closely with
community members and decision makers to understand the interactions between current and projected climate change and the
factors which condition vulnerability and influence adaptation. Research gaps are identified, and recommendations for advancing
adaptation planning are outlined. 相似文献
58.
Sabrina Sorlini Alessandro Abbà Carlo Collivignarelli 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2011,31(2):289-297
The aim of the present work was to study if municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) residues and aggregates derived from contaminated soil washing could be used as alternative aggregates for concrete production.Initially, chemical, physical and geometric characteristics (according to UNI EN 12620) of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ashes and some contaminated soils were evaluated; moreover, the pollutants release was evaluated by means of leaching tests. The results showed that the reuse of pre-treated MSWI bottom ash and washed soil is possible, either from technical or environmental point of view, while it is not possible for the raw wastes.Then, the natural aggregate was partially and totally replaced with these recycled aggregates for the production of concrete mixtures that were characterized by conventional mechanical and leaching tests. Good results were obtained using the same dosage of a high resistance cement (42.5R calcareous Portland cement instead of 32.5R); the concrete mixture containing 400 kg/m3 of washed bottom ash and high resistance cement was classified as structural concrete (C25/30 class). Regarding the pollutants leaching, all concrete mixtures respected the limit values according to the Italian regulation. 相似文献
59.
There is no place like England to witness the role of pubs as a social networking hotspot. Social networks lie at the foundations of most of the social and economic interactions of individuals. The aim of this paper is to assess the importance of pubs as natural locations for the development of social networks and how their presence affects the socio-economic activity of a given area or region. The econometric analysis conducted on rural parishes in Cumbria, a peripheral county in Northern England, reveals that village pubs have a positive influence on the socio-economic activity of local communities. 相似文献
60.
Giancarlo Cravotto Arianna Binello Stefano Di Carlo Laura Orio Zhi-Lin Wu Bernd Ondruschka 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2010,17(3):674-687