甲苯气体的动态吸附净化及吸附剂再生实验研究

研究了活性炭纤维(ACF)对甲苯气体的动态吸附净化过程及热空气解吸脱附再生过程.采用3种经验方程对ACF的吸附等温线进行拟合,其中Langmuir方程拟合效果最好,拟合相关系数R2 =0.9960,说明在给定的浓度范围内,ACF对甲苯的吸附是以单分子层吸附为主.穿透曲线实验表明,ACF对甲苯吸附效果较好,Yoon-Ne...     

An overview of municipal solid waste management in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China

Rapid industrialization and urbanization in developing countries have created serious problems in municipal solid waste (MSW) management. New case studies can shed light on these problems and point the way to potential solutions for improving the overall eco-efficiency of MSW management. This paper employs a case study approach, analyzing MSW management in Inner Mongolia. This study encompasses all aspects of MSW management, including collection, separation, recycling, and disposal. Problems and challenges are identified through our analysis, and recommendations are raised by considering the local realities. Our main findings are: (1) while large cities have already established a solid foundation for MSW management, small- and medium-sized cities deserve more attention; (2) MSW in rural areas is even worse than urban areas; (3) enforcement of MSW regulations is ineffective and needs improvement; (4) lack of funds, R&D efforts and advanced technologies have impeded sustainable MSW management; (5) lack of coordination and communication among different stakeholders further damages the efforts for improvement of MSW management. Therefore, integrated efforts that combine the above concerns should be initiated so that the overall effectiveness and efficiency of MSW management can be improved.     

Physiological and biochemical responses of Microcystis aeruginosa to phosphite

Phosphorus (P) is a key biological element and limiting nutrient in aquatic environments. Phosphate (+5) is traditionally associated with the P nutrient supply. However, phosphite (+3) has recently generated a great deal of interest, because of the possibility that it is a P source based on recognition of its vital role in the original life of the early earth. This study investigated whether phosphite can be an alternative P source for Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806, one of the predominant bloom species in freshwater systems. The results indicated that M. aeruginosa could not utilize phosphite as a sole P-nutrient directly for cell growth at any concentration, but that phosphite could boost cell numbers and chlorophyll a (Chl-a) content as long as phosphate was provided simultaneously. Specifically, Chl-a production increased sharply when 5.44 mg P L⁻¹ phosphite was added to 0.54 mg P L⁻¹ phosphate medium. Analysis of the maximum yield of PSII indicated that phosphite may stimulate the photosynthesis process of cells in phosphate-phosphite medium. In addition, phosphite failed to support cell growth, even though it more readily permeated the cells in P-deficient medium than in P-sufficient medium. Alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) analysis indicated that, unlike organic P, phosphite inhibits the response of cells to deficient P status, especially under P-deprived conditions.     

面向国土空间规划实施监督的监测评估预警模型体系研究

国土空间规划监测评估预警是监督规划实施管理、保障规划实施成效的重要手段,也是实现“可感知、能学习、善治理、自适应”智慧规划转型的关键支撑。针对当前国土空间规划监测评估预警研究重机制、轻理论,以及缺乏一套科学可用的监测评估预警技术方法支撑的不足,在系统分析国土空间规划监测评估预警目标与内涵的基础上,构建以人工智能（Artificial Intelligence）、大数据（Big Data）、云计算（Cloud Computing）等新型信息技术(“ABC”技术）为支撑,覆盖国土空间规划“监测—评估—预警”业务全生命周期的应用模型体系,并结合信息系统建设案例,介绍了基于“ABC”技术的国土空间规划监测评估预警模型体系对实现各地国土空间规划“动态监测、精准评估、及时预警”的重要支撑作用。     

红树林生态系统微生物学研究进展

红树林生态系统是复杂而独特的生态系统,是目前环境科学和生态学研究的热点领域,而对红树林生态系统微生物学的研究也越来越受到重视,目前研究的热点主要集中在红树林生态系统微生物的物种多样性、生理活性物质多样性以及环境修复功能上.未来的研究,除了现有的研究基础要加强,研究手段与方法要采用新技术外,还应该在探索红树林生态系统微生物与物质和能量平衡、微生物与其它生物及其与气候的关系等方面进一步深入研究.     

广东省智慧生态环境监测管理体系建设思路与探索

生态环境监测管理制度改革对省级生态环境监测机构的管理能力提出更高要求,在数字化发展战略背景下,推动生态环境监测数字化建设是促进监测能力现代化的必由之路.以广东省为例,从生态环境监测管理需求出发,分析改革面临的难点和问题,提出了构建智慧生态环境监测管理体系的思路.以监测业务为主线,串联全省监测人、财、物、事的管理,利用数...     

中国电子垃圾管理对策的研究

日益严重的电子垃圾污染已直接或间接地危害到人类的健康,因此,电子垃圾的有效管理变得越来越重要。文章简要分析了目前世界总体电子垃圾的产生特点以及中国电子垃圾的污染现状,通过分析中国对于电子垃圾污染和管理采取的一系列政策和措施的有效性,重点对比研究了现阶段中国与几个发达国家电子垃圾的管理回收手段及政策,试图寻找中国电子垃圾管理的有效措施。最后,综合各国管理经验提出了电子垃圾的管理方案,从而为中国的电子垃圾管理提供借鉴与建议。     

京杭运河常州段氮形态的时空分布特征研究

对京杭运河常州段8个研究点位水体中的氮形态（TN、NH4＋-N、NO2--N和NO3--N）和环境因子（pH、T和DO）进行了连续9个月的动态监测,全面研究了各氮形态的随时间和空间的动态变化规律,并对各氮形态及环境因子进行了相关性分析。常州段水体月平均NH4＋-N变化范围为（0.589±0.351）～（3.148±1.178）mg.L-1,TN变化范围为（3.373±1.379）～（7.373±2.307）mg.L-1,枯水期到丰水期各氮形态整体表现出波动性下降趋势,其中出境断面NH4＋-N下降趋势平稳,NO3--N则是主导出境断面TN含量的主要形态。各点位NH4＋-N的平均浓度范围为（1.202±0.492）～（2.813±1.566）mg.L-1,TN范围为（3.520±0.504）～（8.349±3.679）mg.L-1,各形态氮含量基本呈现出上游段（S）〈新运河（G）〈老运河（L）〈下游（X）的空间分布特征,其中下游段存在一个重要的氮素上升突变段,NO3--N是对TN的贡献率（43.8%～57.4%）最大的无机态氮,其次是NH4＋-N、ON、NO2--N,其中有机氮对TN的贡献率（13.3%）则以老河段最高。NH4＋-N和NO3--N、TN、pH相关系数分别为0.397＊＊、0.932＊＊、0.261＊,与DO相关系数为-0.344＊＊,陆源输入及DO不足是京杭运河常州段氮污染严重的重要原因。     

Exposure to butylated hydroxytoluene compromises endometrial decidualization during early pregnancy

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), one of the most widely used synthetic phenolic antioxidants, is a popular food additive. Previous studies have...     

生物炭负载铁锰双氧化物固化稳定化土壤中砷

砷(As)在土壤中的赋存形态复杂, 常规固化稳定化材料处理不同形态As时存在局限。针对该问题,通过整合生物炭(bio-char, BC)表面吸附-静电引力-络合螯合与铁锰双氧化物(ferric manganese binary oxides, FMBO)共沉淀-氧化还原作用, 制得负载了FMBO的BC新功能材料BC_FM, 并与硅酸盐水泥复配固化稳定化As, 利用响应面法探讨影响因素对处理效果的影响。结果表明:在BC_FM与硅酸盐水泥配比为9.88%和8.80%、养护20.53 d条件下, As浸出浓度最低为0.055 mg/L, 可交换态含量占比从4%降至0.5%, 残渣态含量占比从77%升至87%, 无侧限抗压强度>50 kPa。推测BC_FM固化稳定化机制为Fe-O(H)-As共沉淀、Mn-O(H)-As氧化和BC功能的联合作用。该研究结果可为长效固化稳定化As提供新的技术方案。