地下弹药库爆炸产生的地面空气冲击波的估算与数据值模拟

对某地下弹药库爆炸冲击波传播过程进行了较详细的分析和数值模拟,得到了弹药爆炸时地面空气冲击波的等效经验计算公式。两种方法得到的不同距离的冲击波超压值基本一致。     

Sorption of the veterinary antimicrobials sulfadimethoxine and ormetoprim in soil

Currently, limited research on the fate of antimicrobials in the environment exists, once they are discharged in human and animal wastes. Sorption of two antimicrobials, sulfadimethoxine (SDM) and ormetoprim (OMP), was investigated in two soils and sand using a series of batch experiments. Because OMP and SDM are often administered in combination, their sorption was also investigated in combination as co-solutes. The rate of SDM and OMP sorption was rapid over the first few hours of the experiments, which then slowed considerably after 16 to 68 h. OMP sorption was enhanced at high concentrations when in combination with SDM, with linear sorption coefficients ranging from 1.3 to 58.3 L.kg(-1) in the single solute experiments and 4.96 to 89.7 L.kg(-1) in the co-solute experiments. Sorption of OMP as a single solute seems to provide a better fit with the Freundlich equation, which became more linear (n approached 1) when SDM was present. Overall, SDM sorbed less than OMP in the two soils and sand. SDM linear sorption coefficients ranged from 0.4 to 25.8 L.kg(-1) as a single solute and 2.5 to 22.1 L.kg(-1) as a co-solute. Sorption of SDM becomes more nonlinear (n < 1) when SDM is present in combination with OMP. Overall, sorption of both antimicrobials increased in the selected soils and sand as the organic matter, clay content, and cation exchange capacity increased. These experiments indicate relatively low sorption of SDM and OMP in natural soils, making them a potential threat to surface and ground water.     

三种偶氮染料降解历程在紫外-可见光谱上的表现

本文对基本结构相似的三种偶氮染料橙黄Ⅱ、活性艳红Ｘ－３Ｂ和活性黑Ｋ－ＢＲ水溶液在铁粉还原－光氧化两步法处理中的紫外－可见光谱图作对比分析,依据其结构与特征吸收的关系,初步推测还原铁粉－光氧化法降解染料的历程。     

可持续发展与技术创新

加强技术创新 ,大力发展高新技术产业 ,有利于我国可持续发展战略实施。本文阐述了技术创新对提高综合国力竞争、调整产业结构的作用 ,分析了我国技术创新系统存在的问题 ,提出了技术创新及其实现产业化的政策选择。     

生产剩余与消费剩余：人与自然和谐的探索

人与自然的和谐是人类社会可持续发展的实践基础和核心议题。本文着重从“生产剩余”和“消费剩余”新的认识视觉 ,通过构建物流循环结构和剖析人与自然的相依关系 ,探索两者之间物质、能量转化的协同机理与和谐准则 ,进而提出了相应的实践对策。     

抗灾减灾效益估计方法探讨

从综合角度阐述减灾效益的概念,进而以减灾效益内容为基础,提出了估计减灾效益的方法。     

基于神经网络的洪水预报研究

人工神经网络通过神经元之间的相互作用来完成整个网络的信息处理,具有自学习和自适应等一系列优点,因而用它来进行洪水预报是可行的.对洪水预报问题,初步建立了基于神经网络的洪水预报系统,给出了应用实例.     

贵州省煤中挥发性和半挥发性微量元素分布规律的初步研究

研究了贵州省四大煤田不同层位、不同煤种中Hg,As,Se,Pb,Cd,Tl,Zn,Sb等挥发性和半挥发性微量元素的分布规律。贵州省原煤中Hg,As,Se,Pb,Cd,Sb等元素的含量高于地壳克拉克值;Tl,Zn等的含量低于地壳克拉克值;另外,除了Pb,Zn外,贵州省原煤中Hg,As,Se,Cd的含量远远高于东北和内蒙古东部地区。微量元素聚类分析结果表明,Hg,As,Sb可能主要分布于煤的黄铁矿中;Zn和Se可能主要赋存于闪锌矿中;Cd可能部分存在于硫化物中,部分存在于硅酸盐矿物相中;Pb可能主要存在于硅酸盐矿物相中;而Tl在煤中的赋存形式较复杂。     

我区城市污水处理程度探讨

建立城市污水处理厂处理污水,是城市发展的必然趋势,而处理级别及处理后水的去向及用途是关系到环境保护和资源得到充分利用的关键,针对我区干旱缺水,灌溉农业特征及天然水域的特点,就污水处理级别排水的用途提出一些看法。     

B—P网络逐步聚类法在环境测点优选中的应用

将Ｂ－Ｐ网络原理与逐步聚类分析思想相结合,用于环境测点聚类优选。该方法用于水清河几个监测断面的优选结果是符合客观实际的。