PM_(2.5)严重超标下户外运动的风险评估模型设计研究

PM_(2.5)严重超标下进行户外运动可能会导致肺部疾病的风险,建立户外运动的风险评估模型,通过定量分析PM_(2.5)含量与户外运动的身体机能指标参量的关系,实现数学建模,指导户外运动锻炼。提出基于最大摄氧量定量递归分析的PM_(2.5)严重超标下户外运动的风险评估模型。构建户外运动风险评估约束参量,采用模板参数对照法和定量递归分析方法进行风险评估优化求解,结合模糊决策方法进行PM_(2.5)超标环境下的户外运动的风险评估建模,求得最大摄氧量、最大通气量等参数的最优值,从而指导户外运动训练。     

如何促进旅游业与生态环境耦合协调发展研究

对于正处于发展中状态的中国来说,旅游行业是国民经济发展主导性力量之一,并且越来越多旅游资源得到了极大开发利用,为提高当地经济水平起到了奠定性作用。然而基于调查却发现在此期间也存在着一些问题,如部分地区在进行旅游规划设计时过于强调经济效益,明确缺乏生态环境保护意识,再加上资源具有不可再生特点,极容易为生态环境发展带来不利影响,因而这就需要相关人员能够充分引起自身对该方面内容重视程度,促使旅游业与生态环境实现耦合协调发展。     

阳极溶出伏安法、石墨炉原子吸收法测定海水中总铬的方法比较研究

铬是海洋水体中的痕量重金属之一,海水的高盐基体对铬的测定有严重的干扰,而且海水中同时存在Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ),两种不同价态给测定也带来了一定难度。文章从Cr(Ⅲ)的氧化率、方法检出限、精密度、实际样品加标等方面对过氧化氢氧化-阳极溶出伏安法与传统的MIBK萃取-无火焰原子吸收分光光度法进行了比较研究,发现两种方法在测试结果上无显著差异,但是过氧化氢氧化-阳极溶出伏安法具有更高的精密度,更低的检出限,且对Cr(Ⅲ)的回收率略有提升。     

废水中硝基苯类化合物测定方法的探讨及新方法研究

探讨了废水中硝基苯类化合物的气相色谱法测定方法中的水样预处理操作繁琐,实验耗时长,且萃取时使用易挥发有毒有害的有机物二氯甲烷。另一种常见的测定方法还原-偶氮分光光度法,而染料、印染制革等工业废水的颜色较深,对测定造成干扰,通常通过蒸馏预处理消除水样颜色带来的干扰,而在蒸馏过程中因硝基苯类沸点较高不能将水样中的硝基苯类化合物全部蒸出,导致检测结果偏低。提出了一种经聚己内酰胺脱色,简单又快捷地消除水样中颜色的干扰,又避免了硝基苯类化合物蒸馏不完全的问题,再利用还原-偶氮分光光度法准确测定废水中硝基苯类化合物的方法。     

环保宣教影视作品制作中生态环保意识分析研究

传统环保宣教影视作品内容过于空泛,难以引起人们共鸣,近年来环境问题逐渐严重,带来一系列自然灾害,为人民生命财产带来巨大损失。影视作品能够起到传播观念和导向舆论的作用,将生态环保意识引入影视作品可以引发人们的思考。对环保宣教影视作品中生态环保意识进行分析,探讨了生态环保意识的建立过程以及融入过程,通过实验研究了环保宣教影视作品中引入生态环保意识对环境保护起到的作用。实验结果表明,引入生态环保意识的环保宣教影视作品能够更好地向社会大众宣传环保好处,更好地促进环境保护工程的实施。     

关于高校绿色教育环境下中华传统体育文化探讨

针对高校绿色教育环境下中华传统体育文化的探讨问题,给出了高校绿色教育的基本理论,包括高校绿色教育的概念,高校绿色教育的特点,包括高校绿色教育的生命性、高校绿色教育的生活性、高校绿色教育的人文性和高校绿色教育的内容与实践,探讨了高校绿色教育环境与中华传统体育文化的发展,包括高校绿色教育环境与中华传统体育文化的价值、高校绿色教育环境与中华传统体育文化的发展,最后,对高校绿色教育环境与中华传统体育文化的互动进行了说明。     

Population structure and sex-change in the coral-inhabiting snailCoralliophila violacea at Hsiao-Liuchiu,Taiwan

Surveys of the coral-inhabiting snailCoralliophila violacea (Lamarck) (=C. neritoidea Kiener) were made on shallow fringing reefs (<8 m deep) around Hsiao-Liuchiu, Taiwan, between July and October 1990. The snails were aggregated into patches on the surface of massive poritid coral colonies. Coral colonies >40 cm in diameter were more likely to bear patches of snails than smaller colonies, and also to have more snails. The coralliophilids ranged from 5 to 30 mm in aperture length. The sex ratio of the population was biased toward males (539:279), with only a few small individuals of indistinguishable sex. Snails between 6 and 10 mm were all males, while most snails with aperture lengths 20 mm were females. Judging from the distinct size ranges of males and females within patches and from the observed degeneration of the penis, the snails may have changed sex from male to female with increasing size. Sex-change may occur across a wide size range (10 to 20 mm). The correlation of smallest female size and largest male size among patches indicates that snail size at sex-change is peculiar to each individual patch. Those females in patches with a single female (but many males) were significantly smaller than females in multiple-female patches. It is likely that in the absence of females males change sex at a smaller size, whereas in the presence of large females males delay sexchange until they have reached a larger size. The plasticity of size at sex-change may be adaptive and a result of natural selection at the individual level.     

青铜峡铝厂氟污染对广武乡玉米影响的调查分析

监测了青铜峡铝厂东南方向４．５ｋｍ的广武乡玉米叶，得知含氟量为４３．９４－１６６．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ，对照样品树新林场玉米叶的含氟均值为１３．１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，广武乡的玉米受到了严重的氟污染，农作物减产严重。     

Tree species in relation to soil moisture regime in northwestern Ontario,Canada

Selected data on site, vegetation cover, and soil, including soil moisture regime (SMR), were collected from 2 167 field plots in northwestern Ontario, Canada. SMR provides an estimate of an averaged, annualized soil moisture supply throughout a complete vegetation cycle. SMR is based upon a relative scale that subjectively ranks sites from , 0, and 1 through 9 along a soil moisture continuum which relates to a dry to wet gradient. SMR may be generally correlated to tree growth, stand composition, degree of competition, nutrient availability and overall site quality.This paper reports on relationships between SMR and major tree species. Results highlight relationships between SMR class and the broad ecological ranges of several tree species. In northwestern Ontario, the determination of SMR can help resource managers to better understand the ecology of boreal sites.     

Comparative rice seed toxicity tests using filter paper,growth pouch-tm,and seed tray methods

Paper substrate, especially circular filter paper placed inside a Petri dish, has long been used for the plant seed toxicity test (PSTT). Although this method is simple and inexpensive, recent evidence indicates that it gives results that are significantly different from those obtained using a method that does not involve paper, especially when testing metal cations. The study compared PSTT using three methods: filter paper, Growth Pouch-TM, and seed tray. The Growth Pouch-TM is a commercially available device. The seed tray is a newly designed plastic receptacle placed inside a Petri dish. The results of the Growth Pouch-TM method showed no toxic effects on rice for Ag up to 40 mg L^–1 and Cd up to 20 mg L^–1. Using the seed tray method, IC₅₀ (50% inhibitory effect concentration) values were 0.55 and 1.4 mg L^–1 for Ag and Cd, respectively. Although results of filter paper and seed tray methods were nearly identical for NaF, Cr(VI), and phenol, the toxicities of cations Ag and Cd were reduced by using the filter paper method; IC₅₀ values were 22 and 18 mg L^–1, respectively. The results clearly indicate that paper substrate is not advisable for PSTT.