Methyl siloxanes in road dust from a large silicone manufacturing site in China: implications of human exposure

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Methyl siloxanes are becoming increasingly prevalent in the environment because of their extensive use in various consumer products. Little is known...     

Role of economic growth and innovative technologies in the outlook of energy and environmental efficiency: a way forward for developing Asian economies

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Energy consumption is widely regarded as the primary driver of economic development and environmental degradation. The current study examines how...     

企业集团内各产业链间资源综合利用分析研究

以江苏某生物化学-热电联营企业为研究对象,针对企业内部产业链的特殊性,构建了集团内部不同产业链之间的耦合。从与同行业常规工艺的比较入手,分析了跨行业资源综合利用的各项工程技术实践。结果表明:产业链耦合可有效减少污染物排放,实现资源的综合利用。     

电石渣中杂质对亚硫酸钙氧化及石膏浆液脱水性能影响

为了考察电石渣中杂质(Na2S、SiO2及铁、镁、铝的氧化物等)在湿法烟气脱硫过程中对亚硫酸钙氧化及石膏浆液脱水性能的影响,通过建立亚硫酸钙氧化反应装置,对亚硫酸钙氧化及石膏浆液脱水过程进行了研究。研究表明:浆液中Na2S浓度越高,亚硫酸钙氧化受到的抑制作用越明显,Na2S浓度高于10.0 mmol/L时,浆液中亚硫酸根几乎不发生氧化反应,石膏平均粒径随Na2S浓度增加呈先降低后增大趋势。浆液中SiO2不影响亚硫酸钙氧化,但是浓度低于0.5 g/L时,石膏粒径分布更加集中,更有利于提高石膏浆液脱水性能。浆液中Fe2O3的存在有利于亚硫酸钙氧化,浓度在0.5～1.0 g/L时,对石膏浆液脱水性能有明显的改善作用。浆液中MgO、Al2O3的存在,对亚硫酸钙氧化影响不大,但降低了石膏浆液脱水性能。     

脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇毒理作用研究进展

脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)是人畜食品中检出率和超标率最高的一种真菌毒素。与核糖体60s亚基的肽基转移酶活性中心结合后会引发核糖体应激反应,诱导细胞凋亡等作用,对肠道、免疫系统造成破坏,并且具有遗传毒性。为今后的研究工作提供参考,笔者将从DON的毒理学机制和对机体的影响角度入手对近几年新的研究成果做综合论述。     

考虑位移监测的滑坡稳定性综合评价研究

滑坡稳定性评价方法目前主要有极限平衡法、概率分析方法和有限元法,但是这些方法都仅从力学的角度出发,而很少从滑坡的实际变形角度来考虑。为此,在运用Morgenstern-Price法、蒙特卡洛-破坏概率方法和强度折减法从二维和三维的角度计算滑坡稳定性系数和破坏概率的基础上,提出了考虑滑坡位移监测的R/S分析方法对滑坡稳定性进行综合评价。以三峡库区青龙咀滑坡为例,采用上述四种方法对该滑坡稳定性进行综合评价。结果表明,该滑坡在计算工况条件下处于稳定状态,其危险性为中等。     

低温下间歇式生物过滤系统去除高负荷H2S的效能

以鸡粪堆肥和PE混合物为填料的生物过滤系统,在较低温度下进行生物去除H2S废气的性能研究.采用间歇式运行方式,当在较高气速条件下,即EBRT为39s、32s、24s和13s,入口浓度3000mg/m3时,去除率可分别达100%、100%、100%和65%.整个系统的入口负荷为812 g/(m3·h)时,去除负荷为528 g/(m3·h).且在较低的实验温度(9~16.5℃),入口浓度50~3000 mg/m3条件下,当EBRT为39s、32s、24s时,H2S的去除率为100%;当EBRT为13s时,去除率为62%~88%.结果表明,在较低温度下,高气速,高负荷条件下,间歇式生物过滤系统对H2S具有较高的去除性能.     

Preparation and characterization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">β</Emphasis>-FeOOH-coated sand and its adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions

Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to explore the adsorption of Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions by β-FeOOH-coated sand. We investigated the key factors which affected the adsorption process such as adsorbent dosage, initial pH, initial Cr(VI) ion concentration, contact time and temperature. The uptake of Cr(VI) was very rapid and 44.3%, 51.6%, 58.9% of the adsorption happened during the first 180 minutes at 293K, 303K and 313K, respectively. The pseudo-second-order rate equation successfully described the adsorption kinetics. To study the adsorption isotherm, two equilibrium models, the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, were adopted. At 293K, 303K and 313K, the adsorption capacities obtained from the Langmuir isotherm were 0.060, 0.070 and 0.076 mg Cr(VI) per gram of the adsorbent, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters such as the change of energy, enthalpy and entropy were calculated using the equilibrium constants. The negative value of ΔG ⁰ and the positive value of ΔH ⁰ showed that the adsorption of Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions by β-FeOOH-coated sand was spontaneous, endothermic and occurred by physisorption.     

管道内甲烷/空气预混火焰加速传播特性研究

搭建了基于可视化燃烧管道的预混火焰精细结构实验台,通过理论分析和实验等手段对预混火焰的瞬态传播过程及加速传播特性进行了研究,分析得出了不同甲烷含量的预混火焰加速传播规律及预混火焰由层流向湍流的转变规律.     

B类滤毒罐防护磷化氢性能评价探讨

磷化氢是粮食仓储企业使用效果最好的杀虫剂,是一种剧毒的气体熏蒸剂。所以对于从业人员来讲,安全防护就显得格外重要。长期以来粮食仓储企业一直使用自吸过滤式防毒面具(配套选用B类滤毒罐)为首选器材。近期业内对B类滤毒罐防护磷化氢的有效性提出质疑,为此,本文通过性能评价试验,说明B类滤毒罐防护磷化氢是有效的,并从理论上说明B类滤毒罐防护磷化氢是有科学依据的。