河套平原湖泊陈普海子沉积物粒度与元素分析

通过对河套地区不同类型沉积物进行粒度和元素分析，根据区域陈普海子沉积岩芯的年代和环境代用指标结果，借助于判别分析技术，结合历史文献资料，揭示区域近300a来两个典型时段的环境变化.结果表明，约1850a受黄河河道变迁引起的洪水活动影响，陈普海子岩芯55~50cm（CP1）沉积物表现为灰黄色黏土层，其粒度参数、分布曲线与黄河岸边缓流沉积物相似，两者的中值粒径和众数数值分别为3.8，7.7μm和4.4，5.0μm，元素及其比值K/Ti、Al/Ti和K/Sr（数值分别为7.1、21.5、102.7和6.2、20.7、87.8）的得分散点分布在判别得分散点图的同一区域，与其它类型沉积物的分布区域明显分离，元素比值K/Ti、Al/Ti和K/Sr可作为湖泊沉积指示洪水活动的环境代用指标；自1995年以来，由于区域人类活动，沙荒土地大规模开垦，致使风沙活动增强，岩芯15cm以上（CP2）沉积物粒度参数、分布曲线与风积物相似，两者的中值粒径和众数数值分别为20.1，19.6 μm和41.6，45.7 μm，元素的得分散点分布在判别得分散点图的同一区域，研究结果与文献记录具有较好的一致性.     

三峡库区黄土坡滑坡库水位与降雨联合作用渗流应力耦合的数值模拟

以三峡库区黄土坡滑坡为研究对象,通过野外调研与监测,利用FLAC有限差分软件建立了黄土坡滑坡在库水位与降雨联合作用下的渗流应力耦合数值分析模型,对不同工况下黄土坡滑坡的渗流应力耦合作用进行数值模拟分析,并探讨黄土坡滑坡的复活机理。结果表明:滑坡体前缘300m内受库水位的影响较大,坡体内的渗流应力耦合作用明显,在工况一及工况二下,由于库水位的下降使滑坡体内的地下水位线下降,并且伴随着大暴雨,滑坡体内的孔隙水开始向长江排泄,滑坡体出现明显的变形;在工况三及工况四下,由于库水位的上升使滑坡体内的地下水位线上升,并且随着降雨量的减小,滑坡体内出现了反向的渗流作用,加强了滑坡体的稳定性,使滑坡重新回到了相对稳定的状态。     

An integrated CNC accumulation system for automatic building-around-inserts

In this paper a non-layer-based additive manufacturing (AM) process named computer numerically controlled (CNC) accumulation process is presented for applications such as plastic part repairing and modification. To facilitate the CNC accumulation process, a novel three-dimensional (3D) laser scanning system based on a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) device is developed for in situ scanning of inserted components. The integration of the scanning system in the CNC accumulation process enables the building-around-inserts with little human efforts. A point processing method based on the algebraic point set surface (APSS) fitting and layered depth-normal image (LDNI) representation is developed for converting the scanning points into triangular meshes. The newly developed 3D scanning system is compact and has sufficient accuracy for the CNC accumulation process. Based on the constructed surface model, data processing operations including multi-axis tool path planning and motion control are also investigated. Multiple test cases are performed to illustrate the capability of the integrated CNC accumulation process on addressing the requirements of building-around-inserts.     

Research Progress on Visible Light Response and Easy Recoverable TiO2 Photocatalyst

介绍了TiO2光催化技术在废水处理应用研究中取得的快速发展.针对TiO2在废水处理过程中出现的光生电子空穴易复合和难回收等问题,综述了通过对TiO2进行掺杂负载改性和形态的改性使其达到可见光响应功能的研究进展;综述了通过固载磁载等方法使TiO2达到可分离易回收功能的研究进展.对TiO2光催化技术在废水处理领域的未来研究方向进行了展望.     

Optimal methods to determine the physical parameters for activated carbon adsorption

The objectives of this research were to examine the physical characteristics of activated carbons made of different materials, thereby suggest a preferable approach to obtaining the optimal estimation of the parameters for the activated carbons by the statistical techniques. After the appropriate pretreatments, the apparent and true densities of activated carbon, adsorption isotherms of argon, nitrogen and mercury, and the adsorptive capacity of benzene were determined by using the recommended approaches. The results showed that the shapes of hysteresis loop indicated that the pores were probably slit‐shaped or formed by plate‐like particles, which could be confirmed by the SEM examination. It was noted that the apparent density used for pore volume calculation presented a higher possibility of underestimation. Through the use of the statistical techniques, such as factor analysis (FA) and correspondence analysis (CA), the principal physical parameters on adsorption phenomena could be characterized. Finally, the optimal methods for obtaining the surface area and pore volume of activated carbons were suggested.     

水,关乎人类生存的命脉

自2010年11月以来,北方冬麦区降水持续偏少,气温持续偏高,部分地区麦田土壤失墒较严重,干旱现象相继露头并持续发展。中国人均水量只有世界平均水平的1/3至1/4,面对严峻的水情,尤其是近期黄准地区遭遇历史上少有的大旱，使人们更加深刻地体会到了水的宝贵，而如何节约宝贵的水资源也逐渐成为人们关注的热点。     

Sedimentation and seasonal variation of hexachlorocyclohexanes in sediments in a eutrophic lake,China

Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) concentrations in sediments and sediment trap fluxes of particulate organic carbon and HCHs were measured bi-weekly from March 31 to October 18, 2006 in an urban eutrophic lake in Tianjin, China, in order to investigate sedimentation and seasonal variation of HCHs in sediments. HCH concentrations (dry weight basis) ranged from 2.2 to 20.2 ng/g (mean 7.7 ng/g) in surface sediments and from 26.6 to 972.7 ng/g (mean 187.0 ng/g) in settling particles, respectively. A clear seasonal variation in HCH sedimentation and HCH concentrations in sediments was observed. The maximal HCH deposition occurred following a spring phytoplankton bloom. The average flux of HCHs to sediment was approximately 21-fold higher in April to mid-June as compared to late June to October. This was attributed to the high vertical fluxes at the end of the spring phytoplankton bloom. The maximum values of HCH concentrations in sediments were observed in mid-June to late July. Concentrations of HCHs in sediments from the eutrophic lake were well-correlated with organic carbon contents in sediments. The annual sediment trap flux of HCHs in the eutrophic lake, which was estimated using data obtained in the eutrophic lake, was 117 μ g/m² yr, about 72% of which was attributed to the sedimentation corresponding to spring bloom phytoplankton deposition in late May to mid-June. The high sediment trap flux of HCHs in the eutrophic lake was related to serious local contamination.     

21世纪三峡库区中雨以上日数的情景预估

利用用于IPCC AR4的全球气候模式产品，验证其对三峡库区极端降水指数中雨以上日数（R10）模拟能力的基础上，对模拟能力较好的模式进行组合，同时考虑模式的偏差，预估高（A2）、中(A1B)、低(B1)3种排放情景下未来21世纪三峡库区R10的变化。不同排放情景下未来三峡库区R10的变化存在差异。与目前气候（1980～1999年）相比，未来整个21世纪（2011～2100年），A2情景下三峡库区R10平均减少1.7 d，A1B情景下平均减少0.3 d，B1情景下平均增加0.2 d，3种情景平均将减少0.6 d。21世纪初期（2011～2040年）、中期（2041～2070年）和后期（2071～2100年），A2情景下三峡库区R10减少都最多，分别平均减少2.5、1.5和1.0 d；3种情景平均分别减少1.4、0.2和0.1 d。〖