Unraveling SO2-tolerant mechanism over Fe2（SO4）3/TiO2 catalysts for NOx reduction

Developing low-temperature SO₂-tolerant catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of NO_x is still a challenging task. The sulfation of active metal oxides and deposition of ammonium bisulfate deactivate catalysts, due to the difficult decomposition of the as-formed sulfate species at low temperatures（<300 °C）. In recent years, metal sulfate catalysts have attracted increasing attention owing to their good catalytic activity and strong SO₂ tolerance at hi...     

渤海湾南部沿岸海区1992—1995年结冰特征与分析

本文对渤海湾南部沿岸海区１９９２－１９９５年冬季现场海冰的实测资料进行了分析总结，探讨研究了该海区海冰的外貌特征，冰情特性及生消变化情况，并对影响该海区冰情的最重要因素－气温与海冰的关系进行了分析。     

水芹浮床对NO-x-N类富营养水体的连续小试净化

利用连续小试装置研究了12.0～18.7℃水温下水芹浮床对NO-xN类富营养水体的连续处理效果。试验结果表明,在HRT从3～1d的过程中,CODCr平均去除率分别为(14.0±2.4)%和(46.0±4.0)%,TN平均去除率分别为(34.6±5.8)%和(65.3±5.4)%,TP平均去除率分别为(8.4±1.6)%和(10.7±2.1)%。随着CODCr、TN负荷的增加,CODCr与TN去除率均呈上升趋势。运用经验公式较好地模拟了HRT=1d时,CODCr和TN沿程浓度与距离的关系。     

跨界地区环境风险识别初探

面对中国界河流域的重特大恶性事故频繁发生等复杂问题,以中国跨界河流污染源为研究对象,针对可能造成的跨界风险的重大污染源进行风险识别,建立跨界风险源识别指标体系进行综合评判打分并在典型界河流域和脆弱水环境控制单元进行应用示范。初步建立相应的跨界河流水环境风险识别技术方法体系,为中国界河流域水环境保护提供有力的技术支撑。     

基于B/S结构的环境基础数据管理系统设计与实现

环境基础数据是环境信息化建设的基础,合理存储、管理数据可大大提高工作人员的工作效率.首先分析环保局各业务部门的需求,以企业为中心,收集环境管理、监测等方面的数据、报表、报告信息,后台数据库采用SQL Server 2005对数据进行存储与管理.然后基于B/S体系结构,在VB.NET环境下结合ASP.NET 2.0平台开...     

Does an educational video for aneuploidy screening improve informed choice among pregnant women? A randomised controlled trial

Background

Poor knowledge and the lack of deliberation have been cited as reasons for women making uninformed choices about aneuploidy screening. Adequate pre-test counselling is of particular importance where non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) is being increasingly offered as a primary screening test.

Design

Women attending the antenatal clinic with a singleton pregnancy below 14 weeks were randomised to receive routine counselling or the intervention—a 16-min educational video on aneuploidy screening before their consult. The primary outcome, rate of informed choice, was assessed using an adapted multidimensional measure of informed choice questionnaire, where informed choice was defined as good knowledge and value-consistent behaviour. Secondary outcomes included informed choice with deliberation, decisional conflict and anxiety.

Results

Two hundred and eighty-six women were recruited. 69.8% of women in the intervention group made an informed choice compared with 53.6% in the control group (Risk Ratio [RR] 1.30, p = 0.014). A significantly higher number of women in the intervention group had good knowledge compared to controls (81% vs. 60.9%; RR 1.33, p = 0.001). Decisional conflict did not differ between groups, but women in the intervention group had higher anxiety scores (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The study intervention was effective in helping women make informed choice. Qualitative studies to determine the reason for increased anxiety are needed.

Trial registration

Trial registry: ClinicalTrials.gov ; Identifier: NCT05492981.     

土壤环境中抗生素的来源、转归、生态风险以及消减对策

抗生素作为预防、治疗人类和畜禽疾病的药物或促进畜禽生长的添加剂,在世界范围内广泛使用.土壤是抗生素污染的主要归宿,因此土壤环境中的抗生素残留对土壤生态系统的危害已成为普遍关注的热点.本文在已有研究基础上,综述了土壤中不同种类抗生素的来源、转归以及潜在的生态风险,并在此基础上提出了可行的消减对策.     

高Cu、高Zn对白星花金龟幼虫的毒性作用

Cu(铜)和Zn(锌)是环境中最常见的重金属污染元素,为探究其对白星花金龟幼虫的毒性,采用滤纸接触法、人工土壤法和菌渣培养法研究了高Cu、高Zn对白星花金龟幼虫的生长及氧化胁迫效应。结果表明,滤纸接触法和人工土壤法中试验浓度Cu、Zn对白星花金龟幼虫死亡率无明显影响。菌渣培养法中虫体的取食抑制率和体重增长抑制率均与Cu、Zn浓度呈显著性正相关关系;Cu处理诱导了虫体可溶性蛋白含量的增加,抑制了SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)、GST(谷胱甘肽转移酶)的活性和MDA(丙二醛)的产生,对CAT(过氧化物酶)活性没有显著影响;Zn浓度为3 500和5 000 mg·kg-1的处理组可溶性蛋白含量被显著诱导、MDA含量被显著抑制,浓度为2 000和6 500 mg·kg-1处理组的SOD活性被激活(P0.05),Zn胁迫未对CAT、GST活性造成明显影响。表明Cu、Zn污染对白星花金龟幼虫生长具有毒性效应,在评价高浓度的重金属污染对虫体的毒性作用时,不能仅采用SOD、CAT、GST等指标作为标志物,需要综合其他指标进行分析。     

苏柳172和垂柳对Pb的吸收动力学特性及有机酸的影响

采用溶液培养的方法研究了苏柳172(Salix jiangsuensis CL‘J172’)和垂柳(Salix babylonica Linn)的Pb吸收动力学、Pb在根区的分布以及低分子量有机酸对Pb吸收的影响.结果表明,在溶液Pb浓度为0.25-100 μmol·L-1时,两种柳树对Pb的吸收动力学都呈非饱和曲线,积累量随浓度的增大及时间的延长而增加.垂柳根的吸收力α (Vmax/km)值0.99 L·g-1·h-1明显高于苏柳172根的α值0.16 L·g-1·h-1,在溶液中Pb浓度为20 μmol·L-1时,垂柳的Pb吸收量在120 min和48 h时均为苏柳172的1.4倍,因此,垂柳对Pb的吸收积累能力强于苏柳172.柳树根尖区的Pb含量远远大于成熟区,根尖区是吸收Pb最活跃的区域.一定摩尔浓度配比的乙酸和苹果酸可以促进Pb的吸收,苹果酸和乙酸与Pb摩尔浓度配比为10∶1时,苏柳172的Pb吸收量是对照的2.39倍和1.54倍,苹果酸和乙酸与Pb摩尔浓度配比为5∶1时,垂柳的Pb吸收量是对照的1.48和1.34倍.施加高浓度苹果酸未促进铅向地上部的运输.