全文获取类型
收费全文 | 517篇 |
免费 | 26篇 |
国内免费 | 39篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 29篇 |
废物处理 | 24篇 |
环保管理 | 124篇 |
综合类 | 73篇 |
基础理论 | 136篇 |
环境理论 | 2篇 |
污染及防治 | 127篇 |
评价与监测 | 44篇 |
社会与环境 | 18篇 |
灾害及防治 | 5篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 9篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 14篇 |
2020年 | 11篇 |
2019年 | 17篇 |
2018年 | 21篇 |
2017年 | 21篇 |
2016年 | 38篇 |
2015年 | 31篇 |
2014年 | 27篇 |
2013年 | 32篇 |
2012年 | 20篇 |
2011年 | 41篇 |
2010年 | 35篇 |
2009年 | 26篇 |
2008年 | 39篇 |
2007年 | 26篇 |
2006年 | 17篇 |
2005年 | 14篇 |
2004年 | 18篇 |
2003年 | 16篇 |
2002年 | 17篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 11篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有582条查询结果,搜索用时 187 毫秒
541.
Ruby Ray Richard Taylor Chris Chapman 《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2012,90(3):213-220
The Gasplasma® process developed by APP is an advanced thermal conversion (ATC) technology which has been developed for the treatment of household and trade wastes and has also been successfully applied to the handling of wastes derived from landfill and would be capable of achieving effective energy conversion when utilised as an integrated part of the Enhanced Landfill Mining (ELFM) concept.The core Gasplasma® technology comprises a two-stage thermal treatment system—firstly, a fluidizing bed gasifier which converts the wastes to a crude syngas using oxy-steam and, secondly, a plasma converter that efficiently cracks problematic tars in the raw syngas to produce a reformed and clean syngas suitable for generating electrical power in gas engines and also recovering an environmentally stable vitrified product for use as a secondary aggregate material. The utilization of oxy-steam as a gasifying agent greatly reduces the syngas volume compared to other ATC processes and incineration and hence reduces the cost of the gas cleaning system while improving the efficiency of the process. By adopting this two-stage approach, high energy conversion (74–90%) and carbon conversion (95 ± 1.6%) efficiencies were achieved with the Gasplasma® plant that compare favourably with published efficiencies data. The calculated net exportable power generation efficiency for a commercial scale plant is significantly in excess of 25%. This compares well with the published figures of 17.7–23% for fluidized bed technologies processing MSW. 相似文献
542.
Min ZHANG Jian LU Yiliang HE P Chris WILSON 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2016,10(2):229-235
Due to the low water solubility of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, organic solvent is usually added into the oxidation system to enhance the removal efficiency. In this study the photocatalytic degradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209), a type of polybrominated diphenyl ether used throughout the world, in pure water without the addition of organic solvent was investigated. In the pure water system, BDE209 was not dissolved but dispersed as nano-scale particles with a mean diameter of 166 nm. Most of BDE209 (>98%) were removed within 4 h and the final debromination ratio was greater than 80%. Although the addition of organic solvent (tetrahydrofuran, THF) could lead to a relatively high BDE209 degradation rate, the final debromination ratio (<50%) was much lower than that in pure water system. Major oxidation intermediates of tetrahydrofuran, including tetrahydro-2-furanol and γ-butyrolactone, were detected indicating the engagement of THF in the BDE209 degradation process. The photocatalytic degradation of BDE209 in the pure water system followed first-order kinetics. The BDE209 degradation rate constant increased from 0.0011 to 0.0023 min−1 as the pH increased from 3 to 9. 相似文献
543.
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - The growing concern of the effects of potential releases of chemical, biological or radiological materials in populated areas has led to an increase in urban... 相似文献
544.
Nathalie Hilmi Denis Allemand Sam Dupont Alain Safa Gunnar Haraldsson Paulo A. L. D. Nunes Chris Moore Caroline Hattam Stéphanie Reynaud Jason M. Hall-Spencer Maoz Fine Carol Turley Ross Jeffree James Orr Philip L. Munday Sarah R. Cooley 《Marine Biology》2013,160(8):1773-1787
Ocean acidification is increasingly recognized as a component of global change that could have a wide range of impacts on marine organisms, the ecosystems they live in, and the goods and services they provide humankind. Assessment of these potential socio-economic impacts requires integrated efforts between biologists, chemists, oceanographers, economists and social scientists. But because ocean acidification is a new research area, significant knowledge gaps are preventing economists from estimating its welfare impacts. For instance, economic data on the impact of ocean acidification on significant markets such as fisheries, aquaculture and tourism are very limited (if not non-existent), and non-market valuation studies on this topic are not yet available. Our paper summarizes the current understanding of future OA impacts and sets out what further information is required for economists to assess socio-economic impacts of ocean acidification. Our aim is to provide clear directions for multidisciplinary collaborative research. 相似文献
545.
Aaron P. Maloy Peter Nelle Sarah C. Culloty John W. Slater Chris Harrod 《Marine Biology》2013,160(2):479-490
Accurate field data on trophic interactions for suspension feeders are lacking, and new approaches to dietary analysis are necessary. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) was integrated with stable isotope analysis to examine dietary patterns in suspension-feeding Mytilus spp. from seven spatially discrete locations within a semi-enclosed marine bay (Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland) during June 2009. Results of the two methods were highly correlated, reflecting dietary variation in a similar manner. Variation in PCR-DGGE data was more strongly correlated with the principal environmental gradient (distance from the opening to the Irish Sea), while values of δ 13C and δ 15N became progressively enriched, suggesting a greater dependence on animal tissue and benthic microalgae. Diatoms and crustaceans were the most frequently observed phylotypes identified by sequencing, but specific DNA results provided little support for the trophic trends observed in the stable isotope data. This combined approach offers an increased level of trophic insight for suspension feeders and could be applied to other organisms. 相似文献
546.
James Nelson Rachel Wilson Felicia Coleman Christopher Koenig Doug DeVries Chris Gardner Jeff Chanton 《Marine Biology》2012,159(2):365-372
Seagrass meadows are among the most productive ecosystems in the marine environment. It has been speculated that much of this
production is exported to adjacent ecosystems via the movements of organisms. Our study utilized stable isotopes to track
seagrass-derived production into offshore food webs in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. We found that gag grouper (Myctereoperca microlepis) on reefs as far as 90 km from the seagrass beds incorporate a significant portion of seagrass-derived biomass. The muscle
tissue of gag grouper, a major fisheries species, was composed on average of 18.5–25% seagrass habitat-derived biomass. The
timing of this annual seagrass subsidy appears to be important in fueling gag grouper egg production. The δ34S values of gag grouper gonad tissues varied seasonally and were δ34S depleted during the spawning season indicating that gag utilize the seagrass-derived biomass to support reproduction. If
such large scale trophic subsidies are typical of temperate seagrass systems, then loss of seagrass production or habitat
would result in a direct loss of offshore fisheries productivity. 相似文献
547.
Button M Watts MJ Cave MR Harrington CF Jenkin GT 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2009,31(2):273-282
The relationship of the total arsenic content of a soil and its bioaccumulation by earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus and Dendrodrilus rubidus) to the arsenic fraction bioaccessible to humans, measured using an in vitro physiologically-based extraction test (PBET),
was investigated. Soil and earthworm samples were collected at 24 sites at the former arsenic mine at the Devon Great Consols
(DGC) in southwest England (UK), along with an uncontaminated site in Nottingham, UK, for comparison. Analysis of soil and
earthworm total arsenic via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was performed following a mixed acid digestion.
Arsenic concentrations in the soil were elevated (204–9,025 mg kg−1) at DGC. The arsenic bioaccumulation factor (BAF) for both earthworm species was found to correlate positively with the human
bioaccessible fraction (HBF), although the correlation was only significant (P ≤ 0.05) for L. rubellus. The potential use of both in vitro PBETs and earthworms as complementary tools is explored as a holistic and multidisciplinary
approach towards understanding risk at contaminated sites. Arsenic resistant earthworm species such as the L. rubellus populations at DGC are presented as a valuable tool for understanding risk at highly contaminated sites. 相似文献
548.
We present a cellular automaton that simulates the interaction between a host tree and multiple potential mycorrhizal symbionts and generates testable hypotheses of how processes at the scale of individual root tips may explain mycorrhizal community composition. Existing theoretical biological market models imply that a single host is able to interact with and select from multiple symbionts to organize an optimal symbiont community. When evaluating the tree–symbiont interaction, two scales must be considered simultaneously: the scale of the entire host plant at which carbon utilization and nutrient demands operate, and the scale of the individual root tip, at which colonization and carbon-nutrient trade occurs. Three strategies that may be employed by the host tree for optimizing carbon use and nutrient acquisition through mycorrhizal symbiont communities are simulated: (1) carbon pool adjustment, in which the plant controls only the total amount of carbon to be distributed uniformly throughout the root system, (2) symbiont selection, wherein the plant opts either for or against the interaction at each fine root tip, and (3) selective carbon allocation, wherein the plant adjusts the amount of carbon allocated to each root tip based on the cost of nutrients. Strategies were tested over various nutrient availabilities (the amount of inorganically and organically bound nutrients). Success was defined on the basis of minimizing carbon expended for nutrient acquisition because this would allow more carbon to be utilized for growth and reproduction. In all cases, the symbiont selection and selective carbon allocation strategies were able to meet the nutritional requirements of the plant, but did not necessarily optimize carbon use. The carbon pool adjustment strategy is the only strategy that does not operate at the individual root tip scale, and the strategy was not successful when inorganic nutrients were scarce since there is no mechanism to exclude suboptimal symbionts. The combination of the symbiont selection strategy and the carbon pool adjustment resulted in optimal carbon use and nutrient acquisition under all environmental conditions but result in monospecific symbiont assemblages. On the other hand, the selective carbon allocation strategy is the only strategy that maintained successful, multi-symbiont communities. The simulations presented here thus imply clear hypotheses about the effect of nutrient availability on symbiont selection and mycorrhizal community richness and composition. 相似文献
549.
Grant E. Brown Camille J. Macnaughton Chris K. Elvidge Indar Ramnarine Jean-Guy J. Godin 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2009,63(5):699-706
The antipredator behaviour of prey organisms is shaped by a series of threat-sensitive trade-offs between the benefits associated
with successful predator avoidance and a suite of other fitness-related behaviours such as foraging, mating and territorial
defence. Recent research has shown that the overall intensity of antipredator response and the pattern of threat-sensitive
trade-offs are influenced by current conditions, including variability in predation risk over a period of days to weeks. In
this study, we tested the hypothesis that long-term predation pressure will likewise have shaped the nature of the threat-sensitive
antipredator behaviour of wild-caught Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Female guppies were collected from two populations that have evolved under high- and low-predation pressure, respectively,
in the Aripo River, Northern Mountain Range, Trinidad. Under laboratory conditions, we exposed shoals of three guppies to
varying concentrations of conspecific damage-released chemical alarm cues. Lower Aripo (high-predation) guppies exhibited
the strongest antipredator response when exposed to the highest alarm cue concentration and a graded decline in response intensity
with decreasing concentrations of alarm cue. Upper Aripo (low-predation) guppies, however, exhibited a nongraded (hypersensitive)
response pattern. Our results suggest that long-term predation pressure shapes not only the overall intensity of antipredator
responses of Trinidadian guppies but also their threat-sensitive behavioural response patterns. 相似文献
550.
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - This paper presents a set of stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (SPIV) measurements of a turbulent round water jet (jet exit Reynolds number $$Re = 2679$$ and... 相似文献