贵阳市城区近地面PM10/PM2.5及重金属污染水平研究

2009年在贵阳市地区内设点采样.共采集了145个大气样品,对近地面大气颗粒物PM10/PM2.5的污染状况及其所含重金属进行调查.结果表明,贵阳PM10/PM2.5的污染严重,对人体健康危害很大;重金属元素分析中Pb和Zn的含量比较高,这些重金属元素更易于富集在细颗粒上,给环境带来了极大的潜在危险.最后文章提出了贵阳...     

水解酸化-接触氧化在处理石油化工废水中的应用

采用水解酸化+接触氧化工艺处理镇江新区某石油化工厂废水。设计总处理水量120m3/d,其中原浓废水20m3/d,出水回流100m3/d;设计进水水质:高浓度有机废水CODCr9000mg/L以上,pH5～9,混合后废水CODCr约1500mg/L,pH6～8;设计出水水质:CODCr≤130mg/L,pH6～9。实际出水CODCr为123.29mg/L;CODCr平均去除率为92.04%,处理后出水可达标排放。     

上海市崇明主要城镇生态环境安全预警初探

在对崇明城桥镇、堡镇和陈家镇生态环境安全现状评价基础上,利用生态环境安全预警理论和方法,运用情景分析法分3种情景对崇明城桥镇、堡镇和陈家镇未来15年生态环境安全状况进行预测。并根据综合指数模型及不良状态预警模型、恶化趋势预警模型和恶化速度预警模型对主要城镇生态环境安全进行预警评判,结果表明:崇明3个主要城镇未来15年生态环境总体仍将处于安全状态。     

曝气对无植物波形潜流人工湿地除氮的影响

实验构建了一种波形潜流人工湿地(wavy subsurface flow constructed wetland,WSFCW)模型,并采用人工曝气手段增强其脱氮效果。选择2种曝气强度分别为100～180 mL/min和300～350 mL/min 2种曝气方式分别为第1个波形区间(1#)和第2个波形区间(2#)同时曝气...     

Remediation of contaminated soil by a solvent/surfactant system

This study investigates a new approach using a solvent/surfactant-aided soil-washing process to improve the performance of conventional surfactant-aided soil remediation. Three surfactants (Brij 35, Tween 80, and SDS) and three organic solvents (acetone, triethylamine, and squalane) were used to evaluate the desorption performances of 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCB) out of three soils with different sorption characteristics. The performance improvement is likely due to better dissolution of the hydrophobic contaminants from the soil assisted by the solvent, and the formation of solvent-incorporated surfactant micelles, which increases both the size (i.e. capacity) and affinity of micelles for more effective contaminant extraction. The foc of soils were found to be important in determining the performance of a solvent/surfactant-aided soil-washing process. Judging from the experimental data and as verified by the two constants in the proposed soil-washing model, as the organic solvent is coexisting with the surfactant micelles, both the marginal soil-washing performance (right after the use of a very small amount of solvent compared to that of none) and the final soil-washing capacity are increased compared to those of a pure surfactant-aided washing process.     

河源夏季臭氧污染特征及其成因

2015年9月至2016年8月,在广东河源城区内采用在线连续观测,分析该地区近地面臭氧(O_3)及其前体物的变化规律和相关性,重点探讨了夏季O_3污染特征及成因。结果表明,河源市城区O_3总超标天数为10 d,主要集中在7—9月。O_3浓度变化呈现明显的春、冬季低,夏、秋季高的季节变化。O_3浓度日变化呈典型单峰特征,前体物主要呈双峰变化。O_3小时浓度和CO无明显的相关性,与NO2浓度呈现较高的负相关关系;气象及HYSPLIT-4模型计算综合分析结果表明,夏季污染时段河源高空、低空气团大部来自西南方向,夏季O_3污染主要来源于珠三角区域传输和本地源排放。     

阿卡波糖生产废水的光催化降解工艺研究

在实验室用溶胶-凝胶法合成一种复合光催化剂,以难生化降解的阿卡波糖废水作为降解对象,研究经光催化降解后的废水,对后续生化装置的影响。     

Short-term prediction of urban PM2.5 based on a hybrid modified variational mode decomposition and support vector regression model

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - PM2.5 (particulate matter with a size/diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) is an important air pollutant that affects human health, especially...     

Violence‐prevention climate,exposure to violence and aggression,and prevention behavior: A mediation model

This study explored mechanisms underlying employees' behaviors targeted at preventing workplace physical violence and verbal aggression. Poor psychological violence‐prevention climate perceptions and previous exposure to violence and aggression represent stressors that were associated with increased strains and reduced motivation. Strains and motivation, in turn, were related to prevention behaviors. We collected data from employee and coworker dyads, and structural equation modeling results supported that clear organizational policies, prompt management responses to assaults, and putting safety as a priority contributed positively to prevention behaviors through reduced strains and increased motivation. On the other hand, prior experiences of being attacked were related to more strains and lower motivation, which were related to lower prevention compliance. Our results inform future interventions for violence prevention. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Enzymatic conversion of newspaper and office paper to fermentable sugars

Two types of waste paper materials, newspaper and office paper, were evaluated for their potential to be used as renewable feedstock for the production of fermentable sugars via the enzymatic hydrolysis of their cellulose fractions. The effects of four factors (hydrolysis time, enzyme loading, surfactant addition and phosphoric acid pretreatment) on the extent of sugar yield were assessed and quantified by using a methodical approach based on response surface methodology. The statistical experimental design used in this study requires fewer experimental runs compared to some commonly used experimental designs. In the newspaper hydrolysis case, response surface plots revealed that the degree of sugar release increased with an increase in hydrolysis time but it was hardly affected by the enzyme loading and acid pretreatment factors. The surfactant addition factor exhibited a positive effect when the enzyme loading level was relatively low. With office paper as the substrate, three of the four factors (hydrolysis time, enzyme loading and acid pretreatment) exhibited positive effects on the extent of sugar release. At local optimum conditions, the maximum sugar yield from office paper was found to be 0.82 g of reducing sugars per gram of paper, which was about 4.8 times higher than the maximum sugar release from the newspaper substrate.