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311.
312.
极谱催化波法测定痕量亚硝酸根的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在含稀硫氰酸盐的底液中 ,在单扫示波极谱仪上 ,有一灵敏的亚硝酸根催化波。峰电位为 -0 .47V( vs·SCE)。阳极化二阶导数峰高与亚硝酸根浓度在 1× 10 - 7~ 5× 10 - 5mol/L 之间成线性关系。检测限达 5× 10 - 5mol/L( 2 .3ppbNO - 2 )。试验了多种共存离子对测定的影响 ,表明该法具有较好的选择性 ,尤其是大量硝酸根不干扰。应用该法测定了许多样品中的亚硝酸根 ,并对该波的机理进行了研究 ,结果证明该波是 [SCN· NO]催化溶液中的溶解氧还原所致 相似文献
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314.
含硫污水处理系统的清洁生产审核 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
崔晓丽 《石油化工环境保护》2004,27(4):6-11
通过对含硫污水处理系统进行清洁生产审核,实施了11个无低费方案和4个中高费方案,取得良好的环保效益和经济效益,并对该系统的持续清洁生产提出建议和措施。 相似文献
315.
Wenjuan Liao Hao-Jie Cui Yaqi Ning Cong Wu Wei Peng Dong Cheng Lichu Yin Weijun Zhou 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(2):688-698
It has been documented that organic contaminants can be degraded by hydroxyl radicals ( • OH) produced by the activation of H2 O2 by Fe(II)-bearing clay. However, the interfacial electron transfer reactions between structural Fe(II) and H 2 O 2 for • OH generation and its effects on contaminant remediation are unclear. In this study, we first investigated the relation between • OH generation sites and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation by activating H2O2 using nontronite with different reduction extents. SMX (5.2–16.9 μmol/L) degradation first increased and then decreased with an increase in the reduction extent of nontronite from 22% to 62%, while the • OH production increased continually. Passivization treatment of edge sites and structural variation results revealed that interfacial electron transfer reactions between Fe(II) and H 2 O 2 occur at both the edge and basal plane. The enhancement on basal plane interfacial electron transfer reactions in a high reduction extent rNAu-2 leads to the enhancement on utilization efficiencies of structural Fe(II) and H 2 O 2 for • OH generation.However, the • OH produced at the basal planes is less efficient in oxidizing SMX than that of at edge sites. Oxidation of SMX could be sustainable in the H 2 O 2 /rNAu-2 system through chemically reduction. The results of this study show the importance role of • OH generation sites on antibiotic degradation and provide guidance and potential strategies for antibiotic degradation by Fe(II)-bearing clay minerals in H 2 O 2 -based treatments. 相似文献
316.
深刻解读耕地利用转型内涵,基于乡村振兴与耕地利用转型的系统逻辑构建相关评价指标体系,运用探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)和标准差椭圆(SDE)等方法,对2002年、2007年、2012年和2017年淮海经济区耕地利用转型效度进行评测,据此揭示乡村振兴战略背景下耕地利用转型的时空格局及转型路径。结果表明:(1)15年间淮海经济区耕地利用转型呈现整体上升、区域均衡的时空格局。(2)耕地利用转型空间集聚现象明显,南北差异显著。空间转型集聚程度逐渐减弱,功能转型呈现先降低后升高、再降低又趋于平缓的态势。(3)耕地利用转型呈现东北—西南格局,以徐州市为区域重心,在南北方向上持续收缩、东西方向上不断平移,导致转型空间形态呈C状分布;系统要素的交流耦合渐进增长且上升通道具有收缩趋势,最终形成“分散—聚拢—分散—聚拢”重叠形态的转型路径。建议研究区未来发展重点聚焦转型发展内源动力的协调融合,引导耕地利用转型由“C形”扩散转向“O形”收敛的圈层式包容增长格局,并不断提升耕地多功能融合增益的共享程度,将地理系统的均衡机制转化为乡村振兴的现实效能。 相似文献
317.
The effect of dissolved oxygen concentration on long-term stability of partial nitrification process
Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration is regarded as one of the crucial factors to influence partial nitrification process. However, achieving and keeping stable partial nitrification under different DO concentrations were widely reported. The mechanism of DO concentration influencing partial nitrification is still unclear. Therefore, in this study two same sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) cultivated same seeding sludge were built up with real-time control strategy. Different DO concentrations were controlled in SBRs to explore the effect of DO concentration on the long-term stability of partial nitrification process at room temperature. It was discovered that ammonium oxidation rate (AOR) was inhibited when DO concentration decreased from 2.5 to 0.5 mg/L. The abundance of Nitrospira increased from 1011.5 to 1013.7 copies/g DNA, and its relative percentage increased from 0.056% to 3.2% during 190 operational cycles, causing partial nitrification gradually turning into complete nitrification process. However, when DO was 2.5 mg/L the abundance of Nitrospira was stable and AOB was always kept at 1010.7 copies/g DNA. High AOR was maintained, and stable partial nitrification process was kept. Ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) activity was significantly higher than nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) activity at DO of 2.5 mg/L, which was crucial to maintain excellent nitrite accumulation performance. 相似文献
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319.
为解决磁性吸附剂Fe3O4不稳定、易在水中团聚以及吸附效率较低的问题,以BC(生物炭)为载体,采用化学共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4/BC(生物炭负载的纳米四氧化三铁)复合材料,并将其应用于水体中PO43--P的吸附去除;探究了Fe3O4/BC对水中PO43--P的吸附-解析性能,考察了纳米Fe3O4负载比例、吸附体系pH和初始ρ(PO43--P)等因素对Fe3O4/BC吸附PO43--P效率的影响,并考察了吸附机制.结果表明:所制备的Fe3O4纳米颗粒呈球形,均匀散布在生物炭表面;Fe3O4/BC复合材料能高效吸附水中的PO43--P,在pH=3、温度为25℃、ρ(PO43--P)为50 mg/L、Fe3O4/BC投加量为400 mg(二者质量比为1:1),吸附3 h达到平衡后,Fe3O4/BC吸附PO43--P效率达到92.14%. Fe3O4/BC复合材料吸附PO43--P的机制包括配位体交换和静电吸引,吸附过程较好地符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附方程. Fe3O4/BC具有良好的解析性能,用c(NaOH)为2.0 mol/L的溶液对吸附PO43--P饱和后的Fe3O4/BC进行解析,解析效率达到80%.研究显示,Fe3O4/BC重复利用性好,在第4次利用后还能保持75%以上的吸附效率. 相似文献
320.
Juan Qin Chuanmeng Yang Chong Cui Jiantao Huang Ahmad Hussain Hailong Ma 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(9):91-99
Lime mud is a kind of solid waste in the papermaking industry, which has been a source of serious environmental pollution. Ceramsites containing anorthite and gehlenite were prepared from lime mud and fly ash through the solid state reaction method at 1050°C. The objective of this study was to explore the efficiency of Ca2 + and OH− release and assess the phosphorus and copper ion removal performance of the ceramsites via batch experiments, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that Ca2 + and OH− were released from the ceramsites due to the dissolution of anorthite, gehlenite and available lime. It is also concluded that gehlenite had stronger capacity for Ca2 + and OH− release compared with anorthite. The Ca2 + release could be fit well by the Avrami kinetic model. Increases of porosity, dosage and temperature were associated with increases in the concentrations of Ca2 + and OH− released. Under different conditions, the ceramsites could maintain aqueous solutions in alkaline conditions (pH = 9.3–10.9) and the release of Ca2 + was not affected. The removal rates of phosphorus and copper ions were as high as 96.88% and 96.81%, respectively. The final pH values of both phosphorus and copper ions solutions changed slightly. The reuse of lime mud in the form of ceramsites is an effective strategy. 相似文献